28 January 2016
EQ –What do I know about Greece?
• Bellringer – Practice Test; take out your study
guides to be checked in
• Go over Study Guide
• HW – Study for tomorrow’s test.
• Study guide, note packet, 8.2 questions
Chapter 8 Study
Guide Key
7th Grade World History
Vocabulary
• Aristocrat: Rich landowners in Greece
• Dark Age: Nothing was developed; disaster and raids; warfare and
disorder; nothing got done during this time. No history
• Tyrant: A leader who held power through the use of force.
• Polis: The Greek word for a city-state
• Classical Age an age marked by great achievements; architecture,
inventions, basically everything is stable (government) so people
can work on improving society
• Citizens: People who had the right to participate in government
• Acropolis – A high hill around which most city-states were built
• Agora – city center – market place of city-states
Democracy
• Type of government in which people rule
themselves.
• Cleisthenes created the first democracy
• Government is based on the votes of its free
citizens
• People were encouraged to speak
• “Rule by Many”
Oligarchy
• A government in which only a few people
have power
• Rich land owners or aristocrats took
power
• Common people had little say
• “Rule by Few”
Tyranny:
• When a leader gains power (and holds it)
through the use of force
• Ancient Tyrants were normally good
rulers
• Tyrants were able to stay in power
because they had strong armies and
people supported them.
Minoans
• Lived on the Island of Crete
• They were excellent ship builders. Lived on the sea basically
big in trading;
• Destroyed by a volcano and tsunami wave that destroyed the
civilization.
• Weren’t considered Greek because they didn’t speak it.
Mycenaean
• Considered the first Greeks
• Attacked others and built fortresses
around Greece.
• They took over Crete when Minoans
declined.
• Mycenaean society began to fall apart in
the 1200’s BC when invaders from Europe
swept Greece. Earthquakes also destroyed
many cities and Greece slid into the Dark
Age.
Cleisthenes
• Father of Democracy
• Developed and created the first
democracy.
• DID NOT want aristocrats to run the
government.
Pericles
• A leader in Athens during the time of
democracy.
• Wanted people to participate in the
government – and created paying jobs
for this (pay for jury duty and some
elected officials)
• Believed that Athens’ government
was superior to other city-states’.
Draco
• An aristocrat who created very
harsh laws after the common
Athenians attempted to
overthrow the oligarchy (small
crimes were punishable by death)
Who are considered to be the first
Greek civilization? Why?
• Mycenaean because they spoke
Greek.
How did the Minoan civilization
end?
• Not 100% sure – however, most think that
in the 1600s BC a huge volcano erupted
north of Crete. This caused a tsunami that
flooded much of Crete. In addition the
volcano threw up a lot of ash which ruined
many crops and buried cities.
Explain the voting process in
Athens.
• For many issues 6,000 people were
needed to vote. Slaves would
sometimes have to round up more
people. Speeches would be made –
people would be encouraged to
speak. Citizens might vote by show of
hands or by dropping a black or white
stone into a container.
Describe the geography of Greece.
• Mountains covered much of Greece
• It was a peninsula
• Rocky shorelines, made up of hundreds of
islands making it difficult to sail.
• The climate is Mediterranean. The
summers are warm (mid 80s for a high)
and on the dry side, while the winters are
cool (40s) and moist (more precipitation.)
– like Southern California
Compare Greek Tyrants to modern
day
• Greek tyrants were strong leaders
with strong armies and
supported/respected by their people.
• Modern day tyrants rule by force and
are not generally
supported/respected by people.
Explain the difference between a
direct democracy and a representative
democracy.
• Direct: citizens who vote have a direct impact on the
decision they are trying to vote on (meaning they all
have to vote on everything-6,000 + citizens to do so)
• Representative: We vote for representatives
(senators, governors) to vote for us in national and
local matters
Give 1 positive to the democracy of
Athens and 1 negative.
• Positive – All citizen’s have their voice
heard & in charge of government
• Negative – Very time consuming,
Women not considered to be citizens
– so not all voices heard
• ***You will need to explain on the
test!***