Unit 5: Developing the Training Program
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2009
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Unit 5, Class 1: Developing a Training
Program
Learning Objectives
By the end of this unit, students will:
> Develop training content following instructional
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system design.
Develop training content to attain the learning
objectives.
Scope and sequence content according to the
objectives.
Describe various logical sequencing techniques.
Develop a lesson plan.
Create appropriate visuals for presentation.
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Program Design
• Program design is the organization and
coordination of the training program.
• For learning to occur, training programs
require:
> Meaningful material.
> Clear objectives.
> Opportunities for practice.
> Feedback.
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Program Design
• Effective program design includes:
> Course parameters.
• Entry skills and behaviors.
> Course objectives.
• Program objective.
• Learning objectives.
• Assessment of learning objectives.
> Detailed lesson plan.
• Structure and sequence of training.
> Evaluation.
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Content Derivation
http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/sat3.html
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Evaluate Student Learning
• Develop tests for student evaluation:
> Link evaluation to learning objectives.
> Evaluation must simulate conditions of performance
in the real world.
> Evaluation provides student feedback.
> Evaluation aids in learning.
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Evaluate Learning Domains
• Criterion-referenced test:
> Cognitive domain.
• Performance test:
> Psychomotor domain.
• Attitude survey:
> Affective domain.
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Developing Content: Scope and Sequence
SEQUENCE
Topic 1
Topic 2
Topic 3 Topic 4
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Objective 1
C
O Objective 2
P
E Objective 3
Objective 4
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Sequence
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Job performance order.
From simple to complex.
Critical sequence.
Known to unknown.
Dependent relationship.
Supportive relationship.
Cause to effect.
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Lesson Plan
• Lesson plan overview.
• Detailed lesson plan:
> Course title.
> Lesson title.
> Lesson length.
> Learning objectives.
> Target audience.
> Prerequisites.
> Room arrangement.
> Materials and equipment needed.
> Evaluation and assignments.
> Wrap-up.
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Write a Lesson Plan for Your Project
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Unit 5, Class 2: Visual Aids and Training
Activities
• Visual aids should:
> Enhance the presentation.
> Summarize main points.
> Add variety.
> Be simple and clear.
> Have lasting effect.
> Illustrate and reinforce complex ideas or
concepts.
Used poorly, visual aids can be a distraction
to an ineffective presentation.
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Visual Aids Examples
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PowerPoint slides.
Overhead transparencies.
Graphs and charts.
Pictures.
Films and video.
Flip charts.
Sketches.
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Handouts
• Handouts can be used for many purposes:
> Summary of material.
> To extend information beyond what is presented.
> To allow participation during the seminar.
> To involve participants.
> Follow-up material.
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PowerPoint Basics
• Use a template.
• Use a set font and color scheme.
• Different styles are disconcerting to the
audience.
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Appropriate Composition
• One major concept per slide.
• Heading for every slide.
• Simple and balanced slides.
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Maximizing Visibility
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Text must be large enough to be visible.
(this is a 28 point Arial font).
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This is BOLD.
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For comparison, this is a 14 point Times New Roman font.
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Do not make transparencies directly from pages
in books, reports or papers unless they can be
enlarged.
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Use of Text (6x6 Rule)
> Outline of talk only.
> Use 6X6 rule:
≈ 6 lines per slide and 6 words to line.
> Full sentences not necessary.
> Remove articles (the, a, an).
> Illustrate concepts where possible.
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Fonts
• Choose a font that is easy to read.
• Roman and gothic typefaces are easier to read
than Script or Old English.
• Do not use more than one or two font types.
• Avoid
getting carried away
with fonts, colors, and text
sizes.
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The Color Wheel
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Colors
 Contrasting or complementary colors are those
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separated by another color.
Adjacent colors (next to each other) harmonize.
Colors that are directly opposite from one
another are said to clash.
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Backgrounds
• White on dark background should not be used
if the audience is more than 20 feet away.
• Having a dark background on a computer
screen reduces glare.
Light text on dark background is very
effective for computer reading.
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Use of Images
• Use one image per slide.
• Use two images to provide contrast, but make
them big.
• Draw arrows if needed for emphasis.
• Do not enlarge small images – they blur.
• Do not distort the image.
• Credit the source.
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Citation of References
• Credit images on slide:
> Include the name of the author, date and
title of article and journal.
• Include references on last slide.
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Use of Animation
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Should enhance, not distract.
Should not kill time.
Should be subtle.
Avoid animation schemes.
Use same transition between slides.
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Timing and the Number of Slides
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1 slide = 2 – 3 minutes.
Image slides may take less time.
Time yourself.
Leave time for questions.
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Illustrations
• Use only when appropriate.
• Relate to the message.
• Use simple diagrams.
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Design Visual Aids for Your Team Project
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