Unit 3 Study Guide
Name ______________________
Write all of your answers on a separate sheet of paper!!!!!
1. ______________________ was the hypothesis that tried to explain the way that our
continents were arranged.
2. What is the name of the landmass that included all of our current continents connected?
3. What does the Theory of Plate Tectonics say?
4. The lithosphere is broken up into what are called __________________.
5. List the 7 major plates:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
6. The Core is ______________ miles below the surface and divided into two layers
__________________ and ____________________.
7. Name two important functions of the core.
8. The Mantle is ____________ miles thick and makes up _____________percent of the
Earth's total volume.
9. The mantle is divided into two layers _______________ and
_________________________.
10. Define Asthenosphere and Lithosphere
11. What is the process that occurs in the mantle of the Earth?
12. What does this process do for the tectonic plates?
13. __________________ is the earth's hard outer shell which is much thinner and floats
upon the softer, denser mantle.
14. What are the two parts of the Crust?
15. Describe Divergent Boundary Action, Convergent Boundary Action, and Transform Fault
Boundary Action.
16. Define subduction.
17. What is Hot Spots? Give an example.
18. Define slab-pull movement and Ridge-push movement
19. Mountains are caused by _______________ which will occur at the weakest point of the
rock.
20. ___________________ is the force per unit area acting on a solid object. What is the
formula?
21. List and define the 3 types of stress:
a.
b.
c.
22. ____________ fault occurs when the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall
block and
23. results in the lengthening or extension of the crust.
24. ____________ fault occurs when the hanging wall block moves up relative to the
footwall block with dips greater than 45 degrees.
25. _____________ fault occurs when the footwall block dips with less than 45 degrees.
26. _____________ fault occurs when the wall move horizontal & parallel to the fault
surface.
27. __________________ mountains are formed by folding.
28. __________________ mountains are formed by large blocks of crust are uplifted and
tilted along normal faults.
29. __________________ are formed by upwarping of rock basement creating a large
circular or elongated structure.
30. _________________ are formed by downwarping structures with a circular shape.
31. When convergent action occurs with oceanic plates hitting oceanic plates
____________ occurs.
32. When convergent action occurs with oceanic plates hitting continental plates
____________ and _______________ occur.
33. When convergent action occurs with continental plates hitting continental plates
____________ occurs.
34. What is an Earthquake?
35. Define the following: seismic waves, focus, and epicenter.
36. Earthquakes happen along a __________________ in the Earth’s crust?
37. What is an aftershock and a forshock?
38. _________________are used to record earthquakes waves
39. _________________is the study of earthquakes
40. What are surface waves, P waves, and S waves?
41. Where would you find most earthquakes?
42. What is the difference between Intensity and Magnitude?
43. What does the Richter scale measure?
44. What does the Modified Mercalli Scale measure?
45. This scale measure from 1-10: _________________________ while this scale
measures from I-XII: _________________________
46. What does Moment Magnitude measure?
47. What is aTsunamis?
48. What are the 3 factors that affect the type of eruption from a volcano?
a.
b.
c.
49. _______________ are quiet volcanic eruptions and _______________ are loud volcanic
eruptions.
50. ________________is a substance’s resistance to flow (ex. Egg yolk more viscous than
water)
51. What affects viscosity?
52. Why are volcanic gases so vital us?
53. List and describe the 3 types of volcanoes:
a.
b.
c.
54. What is a caldera?
55. _________________ volcano that occurs within a plate not at a boundary