My Brother Martin
by Christine King
Farris
illustrated by
Chris Soentpiet
Compiled by:
Terry Sams PES
Melissa Guinn PES
Study Skills
Genre: Biography
Comprehension Skill:
Cause and Effect
Comprehension Strategy:
Answer Questions
Comprehension Review Skill:
Fact and Opinion
Vocabulary:
Word Structure—Endings
Summary
Few people know about what
Martin Luther King, Jr. was like
as a child. His older sister,
Christine, tells stories of their
childhood, full of love and fun.
She remembers when her little
brother “M.L.” told their
mother, “One day, I am going to
turn this world upside down.”
Genre: Biography
A biography is the story
of a real person’s life as
told be someone else. In this
biography, a sister shares
childhood memories of her
younger brother. Why do you
think she chose to tell about
these experiences?
Comprehension Skill
Cause and Effect
The effect is what happens.
The cause is why it happens.
Clue words such as because, so,
therefore, and as a result can signal
causes and effects.
Sometimes one effect becomes the
cause of another effect, which causes
another, and so on. This is called a
chain of events.
Practice Cause and Effect
PB 253
1.Cause
Jack’s textbooks are old and
damaged.
2.Effect  Cause
Jack’s mother complains to the
principal, who cannot help.
3.Effect  Cause
She visits a lawyer, and he files a
lawsuit for her.
Practice Cause and Effect
PB 253
4.Effect
A judge decides in Jack’s favor.
5.When do you think this fictional
story takes place? Use the
information from the text and your
prior knowledge to answer the
question.
The story probably takes place in the
early days of the Civil Rights
Movement.
Comprehension Strategy
Answer Questions
Good readers can answer
questions about what they
read.
Sometimes the answer to a
question will be in one place
in the text and sometimes it
will be in several places.
Sometimes you must
combine what you read with
what you already know.
Comprehension Review SkillFact or Opinion
A fact is a statement that can
be proven either true or false.
An opinion is a statement
based on someone’s
judgment, belief,
or way of thinking.
Vocabulary Skill:
Word Structure—Endings
Sometimes the ending –ed or
–ing is added to a verb or the
ending –s is added to a noun.
If a word with one of these
endings seems hard for you,
try the following:
Vocabulary Skill:
Word Structure—Endings
– Cover the ending and identify the
base form of the verb or noun.
– Do you know this word? If you do,
think about its meaning. Picture the
action the verb describes.
– If you do not, check the words
around the word. Try to find clues
that can help you figure out the
meaning.
– Check to see if the meaning makes
sense in the sentence.
Grammar Skill – Conjunctions TE 659e
Conjunctions are connecting
words such as and, but and
or. They can be used to join
words, phrases, or sentences.
Use and to add information, or
to join related ideas:
They played soccer and tag.
Grammar Skill – Conjunctions TE 659e
Use but to join different ideas:
Some people were kind, but
others were mean.
Use or to suggest a choice:
We can fight, or we can get
along.
Research Skill
Note Taking TE 659L
As you read, take notes to help
you understand and remember
the text.
Notes should be brief and focus
on the most important
information. Use keywords,
phrases, or short sentences.
Paraphrase, or restate, someone’s
idea using your own words.
Research Skill
Note Taking TE 659L
Synthesize, or combine,
information from different parts
of the text or from tow or more
texts. Look for ideas that go
together. Add your own
thoughts.
Record findings in an organized
way, such as a graphic organizer,
a summary, or an outline.
Include information about
sources you read.
Research Skill
Note Taking WB 259-260
1.
2.
3.
4.
How is this article organized?
chronologically
Paraphrase the first sentence in the article.
Both Cesar Chavez and Dr. King understood the
value of equal rights.
Why is it important to take note of the fact that
Chavez was a migrant worker?
It led him to do the work he did as an a adult
fighting for civil rights.
Is the detail about Chavez joining the U.S.
Navy important enough to include in your
notes? Why or why not?
No, because the article doesn’t focus on what
he did in the navy.
Research Skill
Note Taking WB 259-260
5. What did Chavez do with the Community
Service Organization?
He spoke out against discrimination and
encouraged voting.
6. What methods of peaceful protest did
Chavez use?
strikes, fasts, urging people to stop
buying certain products
7. Why is it important to write down only
the most important ideas when notetaking?
If I wrote down every idea and every
detail, I wouldn’t be able to focus on the
author’s main ideas.
Research Skill
Note Taking WB 259-260
When taking notes for a report, it is important
to write down the title and author of the book
or article you are reading. Why do you need to
do this?
I might need to go back to what I was reading
to check for more information.
9. Describe a graphic organizer you might use to
organize your notes.
I would draw a web. I would put Cesar Chavez
in a center circle and write important details
about his life in surrounding circles.
10. Copy a section of your notes from the article in
the lines below.
born in 1927, Arizona; worked as migrant
farmer; fought for rights of Latinos
8.
Weekly Fluency Check Phrasing TE 659a
● Read aloud “A Class of One”.
Explain that you will group
words that make sense
together.
● Partners read aloud p. 651,
paragraph 1, three times.
Group words into meaningful
phrases. Give each other
feedback.
Fun Stuff and Practice
Review Cause and Effect
Cause and Effect Introduction
Conjunctions
Fact and Opinion Introduction
Fact and Opinion Review
Fact and Opinion Game
Martin Luther King PowerPoint
Time Line
Good Sentence Review PowerPoint
Question of the Week
TE 638m
How can
words change
people’s lives?
Day 2 - Question of the Day
What new or surprising
information about
Martin Luther King, Jr.
does this biography
give?
Day 3 - Question of the Day
How do Martin Luther
King, Jr. s’
experiences
show the power
or words to
change the
world?
Day 4 - Question of
the Day - Review
Why do you think poems
by young people were
paired with the
biography of Martin
Luther King, Jr.?
Review Questions
1. What is an opinion about Martin’s
father?
2. What is the main idea of the
selection?
3. Is it a fact or an opinion that the King
children played with two white boys?
4. How were the King’s children and the
two white boys alike?
5. What was the result of the King’s
losing their friends?
Review Questions
6. Why did Martin Luther King, Jr. tell his
mother that he would “one day (…)
turn the world upside down?”
7. What did M.L. and his father have in
common?
8. Why did the father refuse to buy shoes
from a store owner?
9. What does the sentence, “These stories
were as nourishing as the food that
was set before us,” mean?
Review Questions
10. What was M.L. ‘s dream?
11. Why did the author write the story?
12. How does the picture on page 654
show the difference that M.L. made?
Vocabulary - Say It
ancestors
avoided
generations
minister
numerous
pulpit
shielding
More Words to Know
confronted
injustice
nourishing
demonstrating
integrate
sympathy
ancestors
people from whom you
are descended, such as
your great-grandparents
avoided
kept away from;
kept out of the way
of
generations
periods of about thirty
years, or the time from
the birth of one
generation to the birth of
the next
generation
minister
member of the clergy;
spiritual guide; pastor
numerous
very many
pulpit
platform or raised
structure in a church
from which the
minister
preaches
shielding
protecting;
defending
confronted
faced boldly,
opposed
injustice
lack of justice,
fairness, lawfulness
nourishing
keep well-fed and
healthy; producing health
and growth
demonstrating
taking part in a parade or
meeting to protest or to
make demands
integrate
to make public places
available to people or
all races on an
equal basis
sympathy
agreement; approval;
favor
Ministers often
preach from
behind a pulpit.
Ministers often
preach from
behind a pulpit.
Martin Luther
King, Jr. made
numerous
speeches about
equality.
Martin Luther
King, Jr. made
numerous
speeches about
equality.
Slaves lived
without freedom
for many
generations.
Slaves lived
without
freedom
for many
generations.
In the 1960s,
schools were
forced to integrate
public schools.
In the 1960s, schools
were forced to
integrate public
schools.
Norman Rockwell’s
“The Problem We All
Live With”
Many white students
stood outside
integrated schools
demonstrating their
anger of having to go
to school with
colored people.
Many white students
stood outside
integrated schools
demonstrating their
anger of having to go
to school with
colored people.
Very few white
people had
sympathy for
colored families.
Very few white
people had
sympathy for
colored families.
The Underground
Railroad was one
way of shielding
runaway slaves.
The Underground
Railroad was one
way of shielding
runaway slaves.
Link
Slaves who had
run away avoided
places where they
could be
recognized by
anyone.
Slaves who had
run away avoided
places where they
could be
recognized by
anyone.
Writing Assignment
Write and announcement
promoting some fictional
event using as many of the
spelling words as possible.
The event may be a play, a
contest or a sporting event.
Spelling Words
Schwa
stomach
memory
Canada
element
mystery
science
remember
forget
suppose
iron
Spelling Words
Schwa
gravel
difficult
fortune
giant
architect
normal
notify
privilege
cement
yesterday
Different dictionaries may show different vowels for the schwa sound.
CHALLENGE
ridiculous
syllable
magnificent
asparagus
cinnamon
Academic Vocabulary-Reading
Outline – a brief summary or plan often in
numbered divisions
Proofread – to read over and fix mistakes
Thesaurus – book of words and their
synonyms
Title page – page of a book bearing the
title
Sentence fragment – occurs when subject,
verb, or main clause is missing
This Week’s Word Wall Words
Click and type your own
words for this week:
Let’s review our Spelling
words. Watch carefully
because they will flash on the
screen for just a moment. We
can clap as we spell the word,
or we might just practice
reading the words.
stomach
memory
Canada
mystery
remember
forget
giant
architect
normal
notify
privilege
cement
yesterday
ridiculous
syllable
asparagus
syllable
magnificent
cinnamon
reaction
suppose
iron
gravel
difficult
science
Daily Fix-It
Day 1
1. Why is it important to
rimember the lessons of
history.
2. If we do'nt remember
history we may make the
same mistakes.
Daily Fix-It
Day 1
1. Why is it important to
remember the lessons of
history?
2. If we don’t remember
history, we may make the
same mistakes.
Daily Fix-It
Day 2
3. Violence is dramatic, and
nonviolence is often
effectiver.
4. Its diffecult not to fight
back when others are
fighting you.
Daily Fix-It
Day 2
3. Violence is dramatic, but
nonviolence is often more
effective.
4. It's difficult not to fight
back when others are
fighting you.
Daily Fix-It
Day 3
5. Men, woman, but children
fought for rights of black
Americans.
6. They marched threw the
streets, in protest.
Daily Fix-It
Day 3
5. Men, women, and children
fought for rights of black
Americans.
6. They marched through
the streets in protest.
Daily Fix-It
Day 4
7. Rev. King dream that the
world would be a more
good place.
8. Parts of his dream comed
true, there is still work to
be done.
Daily Fix-It
Day 4
7. Rev. King dreamed that
the world would be a
better place.
8. Parts of his dream came
true. There is still work to
be done.
Daily Fix-It
Day 5
9. King was a great
american, and a day is
named in her honor.
10. At our school we always
reads one of Kings
speeches.
Daily Fix-It
Day 5
9. King was a great
American, and a day is
named in his honor.
10. At our school we always
read one of King's
speeches.