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Chapter 13
The Business Process
Management Notation
Gero Decker
Remco Dijkman
Marlon Dumas
Luciano Garçia-Bañuelos
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Contents
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• BPMN
• BPMN and YAWL
• Modelling aspects in BPMN:
–
–
–
–
Control-flow
Data
Resource
Exception
• Transforming BPMN into YAWL:
–
–
–
–
Control-flow
Data
Resource
Exception
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BPMN
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The Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN)
• Graphical notation for conceptual processes
• Covers control, data, authorization, exception
• Standardized by OMG
• Current version 1.2
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Initiate
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Status Inquiry
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BPMN and YAWL
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BPMN
more
abstract
more
requirements
oriented
more
implemnt.
freedom
more
business
oriented
YAWL
more
concrete
more
implemnt.
oriented
less
implemnt.
freedom
more
technology
oriented
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Modelling with BPMN – Control Flow
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Activities
task
collapsed
sub-process
+
loop
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ad-hoc
sub-process
~+
multi-instance
task
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Modelling with BPMN – Control Flow
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Events
start event
decorations:
message
intermediate
event
error
end event
time
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Modelling with BPMN – Control Flow
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Gateways
AND
XOR
Event-based
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Modelling with BPMN – Control Flow
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Example
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Modelling with BPMN – Data
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Example
Trackpoints
Trackpoint Order
Entries Log
Trackpoint Notices
Acceptance Certificate
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Modelling with BPMN – Resource
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Example
Carrier
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Carrier
Admin
Officer
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Trackpoint
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Modelling with BPMN – Exception
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• Exception events
• 'Throw' events
• 'Catch' events
Throw
Catch
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Exception event
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Modelling with BPMN – Exception
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Example
Ordering
Create
Purchase
Order
Approve
Purchase
Order
Order not
approved
Confirm
Purchase
Order
Order
approved
Modify
Purchase
Order
Order not
approved
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Order
timed out
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BPMN to YAWL – Control Flow
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Trivial cases
Timeout
/
Receive
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BPMN to YAWL – Control Flow
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Non-Trivial cases
• Multiple subsequent gateways
• Multiple start events
• Multiple end events
• Multi-instance tasks
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BPMN to YAWL – Data
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• Data is loosely defined in BPMN
• Data handling is strict in YAWL
• Hence, data usage must restricted in BPMN
(to be able to map to YAWL)
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BPMN to YAWL – Data
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Restricted usage:
• Define data types in XML Schema
• Define expressions in XQuery
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BPMN to YAWL – Data
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Restricted usage
Process
has variables
assignment at
end of task
Task
assignment at
start of task
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has variables
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BPMN to YAWL – Data
Y
Mapping is now trivial
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BPMN to YAWL – Resource
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• Mapped from swimlanes
• Swimlanes are loosely defined in BPMN
Carrier
more Trackpoints
Carrier
Admin
Officer
Issue
Trackpoint
Notice
Log Trackpoint
Order Entry
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BPMN to YAWL – Exception
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Throw/catch event
e :=true
B
~e
B
+
e
e
C
C
default: e := false
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BPMN to YAWL – Exception
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Timer event
A
B
A
B
e
C
e
C
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BPMN to YAWL – Exception
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Rule event
A1
A1
B
A2
+
A2
~e
B
e:=true
e
e
C
C
default: e := false
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Conclusion
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•
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BPMN is used more for conceptual modelling
YAWL is used for workflow modelling
In a process design project BPMN comes before YAWL
BPMN can be mapped to YAWL
This helps in a design step
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