Presentation to the Select Committee on Trade and International Relations – the dti’s 2011/12 Annual Report Date :14 November 2012 Director-General Mr Lionel October Presentation outline Economic context Strategic objectives Achievements against planned targets Financial management Key challenges 2 Key highlights for 2011/12 Industrial Policy gained traction in 4 key sectors (Autos, Clothing, BPS and Film) Progress on reforming the Companies registrations landscape; and Started key initiatives in the areas of co-operatives, SMEs Incubators. Trade diversification (China). to high growth markets 3 Economic context The global economic recovery still fragile since the sovereign debt crisis continues to haunt Europe. The rate of the world’s real gross domestic product (GDP) growth declined from 5,2% in 2010 to 3,8% in 2011. Negative impact on tradeable sectors (manufacturing, mining and agricultural sectors) However, growth in developing economies was still generally robust during the course of 2011, but was moderated in the last quarter due to a deteriorating global demand, which affected export performance. 4 Economic context Manufacturing Real Gross Value-Added Growth 2006 – 2011 Source: Stats SA 5 Economic context International Trade Performance Global economic growth slowed significantly from 3,7% in the third quarter of 2011 to 2,6% in the fourth quarter, mainly on account of slower output growth in advanced economies. European trade narrowly avoided a technical recession in the first quarter of 2012. Real output was at zero percent in the first quarter of 2012, following a contraction of 1,3% in the last quarter of 2011. South Africa’s exports to the BRIC countries have increased significantly, with China being the main driving force behind this increase and India not far behind. Exports to BRICS in 2011: 72% of exports were to China; 21% to India; 5% to Brazil and 2% to Russia. Total trade with BRICS at R263,5 billion in 2011. The stagnation in world trade volumes in 2011 and the rising domestic expenditure manifested itself in increasing imports in South Africa. This culminated in an annualised trade deficit of R17,1 billion in the fourth quarter of 2011. 14,3 % of RSA exports were to Africa of which 73,3 % were to SADC. 6 Economic context Investment performance Real gross fixed capital formation grew steadily in 2011, showing an annual rate of 4,4%, recovering from a decline of 1,6% in 2010. The fourth quarter recorded a particularly strong performance of 7,2%, with public corporations recording the strongest acceleration in capital spending. The introduction of new amendments to the Companies Act, which came into effect in April 2011 has contributed to improvement in the investment climate. 7 Foreign Direct Investment cont.. 8 Economic Context Investment performance South Africa has improved its ranking on the ease of doing business from ranking 74 in 2011 to 44 out of 183 countries in 2012. (Doing Business 2012 by the World Bank) In the World Economic Forum’s 2012 Global Competitiveness Report, South Africa moved up four places to number 50 out of 142 countries surveyed. Overall, South Africa was ranked number one in ease of obtaining credit; number one in Auditing Standards; and number one in the regulation of the securities exchange. In addition, it ranked number three in the protection of minority stakeholders and number 10 in the strength of protection of foreign investors. 9 Economic Context Employment performance The weak global economic recovery, together with the prevailing uncertainty about the global economy, is still negatively impacting job creation. However, the economy managed to create 365 000 new jobs between the fourth quarters of 2010 and 2011. This growth was supported by finance and other business services contributing 145 000 jobs, trade contributing 85 000, and community and social services 76 000. Manufacturing lost jobs in second and third quarters and gained 52 000 in the fourth quarter of 2011. 10 Structure of the dti‘s work the dti’s work is organised in terms of the following clusters: Industrial development; Trade, Investment and Exports; Broadening Participation; Regulation, and Administration and Co-ordination 11 Achievements against planned targets 12 Industrial Development - highlights The implementation of the Automotive Production and Development Programme (APDP) helped renew confidence. This has been demonstrated through large investment commitments of R15 billion made by original equipment and component manufacturers. China’s First Auto Works (FAW) committed to an investment of $100 million for a truck and car assembly plant, and Toyota SA to assembling minibus taxis locally. 13 Industrial Development – Public Procurement Amended PPPFA Regulations effective from 7 December 2011. the dti empowered to designate sectors / industries from which govt departments and state-owned enterprises (SOEs) must procure locally First round of sector (six) designations: Rail Rolling Stock: locomotives, wagons and carriages; Power Pylons; Buses; Clothing, Textiles, Leather and Footwear; Canned Vegetables; and Set Top Boxes. Second round designation included 70 pharmaceutical products (Oral Dosage Tender) Instruction notes signed by NT. Issues with respect to the localisation threshold in the RFP for STB’s subject of ongoing engagement. 14 Industrial Development - Highlights BPS – mega investments relate to customer call centres, e.g. Amazon African customer service centre in Cape Town, with an investment of R834 m, Entersite to the value of R845 m and Mindpearl to the value of R356 m. Under Monyetla II Programme, 3 400 young people were trained, 70% of which were placed in employment by the Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) consortium. On Clothing and Textiles Competitive Incentive Programme (CTCIP) brought manufacturers and retailers such as Foschini, Truworths and Edcon together to take advantage of the proximity, quality and flexibility that domestic manufacturers offer. A total of R112 million was disbursed of which R831 million supporting 208 companies. 15 BPS Mega Investments 2011/12 Investment: R 845m Incentive: R 69m Jobs: 5 131 Investment: R 834m Incentive: R 32m Jobs: 1 100 Investment: R 466m Incentive: R 20m Jobs: 2 300 Projects Approved: 23 Investment: R4bn Investment: R 150m Incentive: R 7m Jobs: 540 Investment: R 149m Incentive: R 2m Jobs: 226 Grant: R1.8bm Jobs: 15 149 Payments: R51m Investment: R 121m Incentive: R 5m Jobs: 408 Investment: R 356m Incentive: R 14m Jobs: 891 Investment: R 119m Incentive: R 1m Jobs: 160 16 12I Mega Investments 2011/12 Investment: R 762m Incentive: R 68m Jobs: 1 924 Investment: R 533m Incentive: R 191m Jobs: 174 Investment: R 2bn Incentive: R 904m Jobs: 10 130 Investment: R 531m Incentive: R 168m Jobs: 204 Investment: R 1.5bn Incentive: R 237m Jobs: 309 Investment: R 2bn Incentive: R 552m Jobs: 194 Investment: R 8bn Incentive: R 353m Jobs: 1 163 Investment: R 1.4bn Incentive: R 484m Jobs: 2 394 Investment: R 1.8bn Incentive: R 606m Jobs: 2 145 *Note: Jobs include direct & Indirect 17 Film Foreign & Co-productions 2011/12 18 Overview of Incentive Schemes ACTUAL DESCRIPTION NUMBER OF FIRMS SUPPORTED PROJECTED JOBS INVESTMENT LEVERAGED R'000 EIP -MIP 648 SMME 15 586 10 650 000 EIP –TSP 158 SMME 1 744 1 650 000 92 5 344 4 700 000 23 projects 15 149 4 100 000 72 productions - 2 000 000 14 1 969 22 400 000 Co-operatives (CIS) 183 - - BBSDP 299 - - EMIA 896 - - CIP 6 projects - - SPII 52 - - 2 890 48 581 128 392 932 AIS BPS Film & Television 12 I Allowance Programme TOTALS 19 Broadening Participation Highlights Enterprise development and Women Empowerment the dti through the Small Enterprise Development Agency (seda) has to date established a network of 42 branches, 17 mobile units, 47 information kiosks and three Enterprise Information Centres (EICs) countrywide. 31% of which are women-owned enterprises and 86% are black-owned entities. 34 incubators countrywide supporting SMMEs in various industrial sectors including agriculture, agro-processing, construction, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), manufacturing, mining and minerals beneficiation. the dti has received 44 incubator proposals from private sector, science councils and institutions of higher education. The Incubation Support Programme administered by TEO has been allocated funds for 2012/13 to support PPP incubators. The Strategic Framework on Gender and Women Economic Empowerment has been finalised to affirm gender mainstreaming. 20 Broadening ParticipationHighlights Co-operatives Initiation of a national pilot project to establish six provincial Red Tape Reduction Forums. Workplace Challenge extended its scope to 396 small and medium enterprises and co-operatives. 21 Broadening ParticipationHighlights SMMEs Productivity support is now also provided to three industrial clusters specialising in sawmilling, agro-processing and fishing in the Msinga and Doringbaai areas. Continuous improvement interventions were extended to 149 companies, mainly SMMEs. In support of the National Skills Accord, the dti secured work experience placements for unemployed graduates in partnership with the Department of Labour, Productivity SA and the SA Graduate Development Association (SAGDA). Work is under way to secure a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Majuba FET College to establish a Centre of Entrepreneurship in Newcastle. Seda Technology Incubation Programme created 295 new SMMEs and supported 1 089 SMMEs. Hosted the SMME conference in October 2011. SMME Payment Hotline – since its inception in 2009, over R300 miilion has been facilitated to SMMEs. 22 Broadening ParticipationHighlights B-BBEE The process to refine the B-BBEE Codes of Good Practice commenced and was finalised in 2012. • This refinement, together with the alignment of the B-BBEE Codes with the PPPFA Regulations, which came into effect on 7 December 2011, is a major policy change for the country. the dti has, in conjunction with University of South Africa (UNISA) and University of the Witwatersrand (Wits) developed and launched a B-BBEE Management Development Programme (MDP) The B-BBEE MDP has 74 students graduate from the programme. 23 Provincial Spread: Broadening Participation Incentives Gauteng: North West: BBSDP: 3 CIS: 14 EIP: 29 BBSDP: 133 CIS: 35 EIP: 272 Provincial Spread Limpopo: BBSDP: 57 CIS: 41 EIP: 49 Mpumalanga: BBSDP: 5 CIS: 8 EIP: 49 Northern Cape: BBSDP: 1 CIS: 0 EIP: 12 Kwa Zulu Natal: BBSDP: 34 CIS: 46 EIP: 146 Free State: BBSDP: 13 CIS: 2 EIP: 30 Western Cape: BBSDP: 42 CIS: 22 EIP: 157 Eastern Cape: BBSDP: 18 CIS: 15 EIP: 62 24 24 Provincial Spread: Investment Incentives North West: 12I: 0 BPS:0 Film: 0 AIS: 0 CIP: 0 Gauteng: 12I: 5 BPS:4 Film: 48 AIS: 37 CIP: 4 Limpopo: 12I: 1 BPS: 0 Film: 0 AIS: 0 CIP: 1 Provincial Spread Mpumalanga: 12I: 2 BPS: 0 Film: 0 AIS: 0 CIP: 0 Northern Cape: 12I: 0 BPS: 0 Film: 3 AIS: 0 CIP: 0 Kwa Zulu Natal: 12I: 1 BPS: 6 Film: 1 AIS: 16 CIP: 1 Western Cape: 12I: 1 BPS: 13 Film: 54 AIS: 1 CIP: 1 Eastern Cape: 12I: 2 BPS: 0 Film: 5 AIS: 33 CIP: 0 Free State: 12I: 2 BPS:0 Film: 0 AIS: 0 CIP: 0 25 Performance of the IDZs ACTUAL NUMBER OF INVESTORS JOBS COEGA 7 7 803 East London IDZ 2 89 DESCRIPTION INVESTMENT LEVERAGED R'000 4 100 000 71,000 Richards Bay IDZ The work covered bulk earthworks including fencing in Phase 1A. The work created 281 construction jobs and will enable the IDZ to attract much needed investors to the zone. 26 Trade, Investment & Exports Highlights Investment and Export Promotion R40.91 billion in investment projects was facilitated. The investment initiatives include greenfield manufacturing plants by multinationals such as Unilever(R650 Million Chemicals and R721 Million-Greenfields),Proctor and Gamble(R560 Million), Kimberley Clark(R 227 Million , Nestle(R550 Million) , FAW Motors(R469 Million), Kiran Global Silica (R595 Million) and LG(R90 Million). Exports of R6,42 billion were facilitated. Four Investment Trade Initiative (ITIs) were organised to Brazil, India, Russia and Zimbabwe, in which 51 emerging exporters and 39 SMMEs participated. The total number of companies funded was 149 i.e. Brazil (35); Zimbabwe (35); Russia (35) and India (44) A major achievement was the Airports Company of South Africa (ACSA) winning a concession to the value of R72 billion to operate and manage Guarulhos International Airport in Brazil as a result of the dti’s efforts and ACSA’s participation in the ITI to Brazil. 27 PROVINCIAL SPREAD : Financial Assistance on National Pavilions and Missions under EMIA North West: PAV: R1,95 million Mission: R0.099 million Gauteng: PAV: R17million Mission: R 3,998million PAV:R0,293million Provincial Spread Limpopo: Mission: R0,227million Mpumalanga: Pav:R1,39 million Mission: R0,019 million Northern Cape: PAV: R0.073 million Mission: R0,57 million Kwa Zulu Natal: PAV: R0,209 million Mission: R0,288 million Free State: PAV: R0,688 million Mission: R0.017 million Western Cape: PAV: R2,83 million Mission: R1,181 million Eastern Cape: PAV R1,76 million Mission: R0,194 million 28 PROVINCIAL SPREAD: Export Sales at National Pavilions and Missions under EMIA PAV: North West:R0m Mission: R0, 267million Gauteng R4,327 million Mission: R 222,5 million Provincial Spread Limpopo: PAV: R18,1 million Mission: R2,9 million Mpumalanga PAV: R130,95 Million Mission: R0m Northern Cape: PAV: R4,35 million Mission: R0m Kwa Zulu Natal PAV: R23,982 million Mission: R3.1million Free State PAV: R2,134 million Mission: R0m Western Cape: PAV: R1 248,4 million Mission: R 237,8million Eastern Cape: PAV: R197,982 million Mission: R2,9million 29 Provincial Spread: TISA Workshops Gauteng: North West: 0 Total: 216 Companies Trained Provincial Spread the dti Open Day: Export Development Training (17) Limpopo: Export Awareness; Tzaneen (56) Polokoane (43) Northern Cape:0 Mpumalanga: 0 Kwa-Zulu Natal: 0 Free State: Exhibition Training (70) Western Cape:0 Eastern Cape: Exhibition Training, East London(30) 30 Provincial Spread: TISA Trade Lead Dissemination Provincial Spread North West: 40 Gauteng: 200 Limpopo: 16 Mpumalanga: 30 Northern Cape: 0 Kwa-Zulu Natal: 60 Free State: 70 Western Cape: 100 Eastern Cape: 14 31 Trade, Investment & ExportsHighlights Africa Regional Integration Work programme on industrial development has been agreed to by the SACU Council. Eight sectors have been identified for cross-border complementarities and value-chains, with the agro-processing sector a pilot South Africa has met its obligations under the SADC Trade Protocol with 92,5% of tariffs at 0. SA’s view that work should focus on consolidating the SADC Free Trade Agreement (FTA), and extending regional markets through the T-FTA, rather than moving towards a SADC customs union, is accepted 32 Trade, Investment & Exports Highlights Africa Tripartite summit was hosted and the T-FTA was launched. Continental FTA: South Africa’s position regarding timing, scope and broad principles to boost intra-Africa trade was accepted in the African Union (AU) summit that was held in January 2012. 33 Trade, Investment & Exports Highlights Bilateral: Co-operation memoranda of understanding (MoUs) were signed with partner countries in Africa (Ghana, Benin, Burundi, Namibia and Mozambique). Six trade and investment facilitation missions were undertaken(Angola, DRC, Zimbabwe, Southern Sudan, Malawi and Cameroon). Technical cooperation arrangements were facilitated with three African country partners – (Cameroon, Mauritius, Zambia). 34 Trade, Investment & Exports Highlights Multilateral South Africa’s membership of the BRICS alliance has been a major achievement in strengthening South-South relations. the dti’s efforts to advance South Africa’s trade and investment interest at the BRICS and IBSA summits, with respect to multilateral and bilateral economic collaboration, yielded substantial results, which included: Coordination of business participation such as Business Unity South Africa (BUSA) and Black Business Council (BBC) Work programme for the BRICS Contact Group on Economic and Trade Issues (CGETI) Proposed BRICS-led Development Bank to support infrastructure projects in BRICS and Africa 2 major projects: BRICS Undersea cable – US $1bn BRICS reinsurance tool aimed at providing reinsurance for projects within BRICS and other high growth markets 35 Trade, Investment & ExportsHighlights Top 10 investment projects and top 10 value-added export products prepared and submitted to China. 70 companies exhibited in China and R400 million in Export sales secured. Progress in reducing trade deficit with China – over 50% from R48 billion in 2008 to less than R18 billion in 2011. the dti continued to lead South Africa’s engagement in the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) negotiations with the EU to establish a trade-in-goods arrangement between SACU and the EU. 36 Regulation - Highlights Policy and legislative development Introduction of the Cooperatives Amendment Bill into Parliament in 2012. Gambling Review Commission Report (awaits Select Committee feedback), Copyright Review Commission Report finalised and released, and Intellectual Property Laws Amendment Bill tabled in Parliament. SEZ Bill approved by Cabinet and public consultations finalised. B-BBEE Amendment Bill was tabled in Cabinet in the first quarter of 2012. Two major pieces of legislation came into effect, namely: Companies Act, 2008 (Act No. 71 of 2008). Consumer Protection Act, 2008 (Act No. 62 of 2008). Business Rescue successes - 652 business rescue applications received and 104 business rescue practitioners accredited by CIPC. 37 Regulation - Highlights Policy and legislative development According to StatsSA, fewer companies closed down in 2011 than in 2010, with the total number of liquidations for 2011 falling 10,8% (from 3 992 in 2010 to 3 559 in 2011) The Security Regulatory Panel, which is now the Takeover Regulation Panel, was established with the extended mandate under the Companies Act The Financial Reporting Standards Council has also been established in terms of the Companies Act to advise the Minister on standards in line with international requirements Improved monitoring of liquor distributors and macro manufacturers in terms of the Liquor Act of 2003 38 Provincial Spread: Liquor Distributors and Manufacturers North West: No of registrations: 101 Approved registrations: 55 Cancelled registrations: 53 Gauteng: No of registrations: 729 Approved registrations:142 Cancelled registrations: 121 Limpopo: No of registrations:129 Approved registrations: 44 Cancelled registrations: 42 Provincial Spread Mpumalanga: No of registrations: 104 Approved registrations:32 Cancelled registrations: 30 Northern Cape: No of registrations: 51 Approved registrations: 7 Cancelled registrations: 6 Kwa-Zulu Natal: No of registrations: 327 Approved registrations: 83 Cancelled registrations: 58 Free State: No of registrations: 130 Approved registrations: 34 Cancelled registrations: 33 Western Cape: No of registrations: 582 Approved registrations: 89 Cancelled registrations: 79 Eastern Cape: No of registrations: 145 Approved registrations: 55 Cancelled registrations: 53 39 Administration & Co-ordinationHighlights the dti managed to reduce its vacancy rate from 18% to 8,45%. 95% of all eligible payments were processed within 21 days as required by legislation pertaining to the payment of creditors within 30 days. Percentage of women occupying senior management positions is 43.8% (DDGs – women is 50%). Percentage of People With Disability is 2.6%, which is above 2% target set for the entire public service. The department had several engagements with the public through the “Taking the dti to the People” programme, which is championed by Deputy Minister Elizabeth Thabethe. The programme gives communities the opportunity to come face-to-face with the dti and to familiarise themselves with services the department and its public entities have to offer. 40 Provincial Spread: Taking the dti to the People Provincial Spread Gauteng: 5 North West: 1 Limpopo: 2 Mpumalanga: 2 Northern Cape: 3 Kwa-Zulu Natal: 5 Free State: 4 Western Cape: 3 Eastern Cape: 1 41 Vacancy report Vacancy reduction Vacancies as at 31.03.2012 113 Vacancy rate as at 31.03.2012 8.45% Vacancies as at 30.06.2012 99 Vacancy rate as at 30.6.2012 7.39% Recruitment efforts 2011/12 Quarter 1 (1.4.11 – 30.6.11) 2011/12 Quarters 1 - 4 2012/13 Quarter 1 (1.4.12 – 30.6.12) Posts filled through appointments 42 293 68 Posts filled through promotions 27 169 31 Total recruitment efforts * 69 462 99 * Includes posts additional to the establishment 42 Governance & Oversight of the dti’s entities As part of strengthening relations between the dti and its entities, the Minister continuously engaged with Accounting Authorities through individual engagements with the Commissioners and their deputies as well as the Chairpersons of Boards and/or Tribunals to discuss strategic priorities and key challenges. The Policy Framework on governance and oversight on the entities was finalised – it is aimed at bringing a uniform approach to the oversight of entities. Critical interventions were made at EAAB, National Regulator for Compulsory Specifications (NRCS), National Credit Regulator (NCR) and the National Consumer Commission (NCC). the dti also intervened in situations where governance problems were identified as a risk in some entities and worked collaboratively with them to stabilise the situation. 43 Financial management 44 Budget vs. expenditure for the 2011/12 financial year – per programme 2011/12 Programme Final Appropriatio n Actual Expenditure Variance R’000 R’000 R’000 Expenditure as % of final appropriation Unspent as % of final appropriation Administration 569,917 563,873 6,044 98.9% 1.1% International Trade and Economic Development 139,238 132,920 6,318 95.5% 4.5% Empowerment & Enterprise Development 896,245 887,513 8,732 99.0% 1.0% 1,333,129 1,321,671 11,458 99.1% 0.9% 225,447 218,564 6,883 96.9% 3.1% The Enterprise Organisation 3,301,230 3,283,549 17,681 99.5% 0.5% Trade and Investment South Africa 330,102 317,388 12,714 96.1% 3.9% Communication & Marketing 81,205 75,502 5,703 93.0% 7.0% 6,876,513 6,800,980 75,533 98.9% 1.1% Industrial Development Consumer and Corporate Regulation Total 45 Budget vs. expenditure for the 2010/11 financial year – economic classification Economic classification 2011/12 Final Appropriation Actual Expenditure Variance R’000 R’000 R’000 Expenditure as % of final appropriation Unspent as % of final appropriation Compensation of Employees 588,389 566,988 21,401 96.4% 3.6% Goods & Services 634,395 593,730 40,665 93.6% 6.4% 73 73 - 100% - Departmental agencies 1,058,599 1,058,599 - 100% - Manufacturing incentives, including: 1,862,247 1,861,159 1,088 99.9 0.1% 951,548 951,457 91 99.9% 0.1% 1,432,584 1,424,109 8,475 99.4% 0.6% Infrastructure incentives 844,403 844,335 68 99.9% 0.1% Export incentives 311,011 310,965 46 99.9% 0.1% 70,562 68,946 1,616 97.7% 2.3% Payments for capital assets 38,662 36,490 2,172 94.4% 5.6% Payment for financial assets 35,588 35,586 2 99.9% 0.1% 6,876,513 6,800,980 75,533 98.9% 1.1% Interest and rent on land Transfers to: **Automotive Production & Development Programme Incentives to industry Other Total 46 ** Amounts in respect of AIS are already included under the manufacturing incentives Five Year Comparison of budget vs Expenditure – R’000 8 000 000 7 000 000 6 000 000 5 000 000 4 000 000 3 000 000 2 000 000 1 000 000 0 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Budget 5 479 433 5 126 893 6 402 076 6 194 208 6 876 513 Expenditure 5 295 250 5 057 064 6 237 955 5 796 741 6 800 980 Unspent 184 183 69 829 164 121 397 467 75 533 % Unspent 3.36% 1.36% 2.56% 6.42% 1.10% 47 Overview of expenditure The expenditure based on the annual projections of R6,876 billion is 98.9% or R6,801 billion, implying an under-spending of R75 million (1.1%). The under-expenditure is as a result of: Compensation of Employees (R21m) - Due to vacancy rate of 8.4%; Goods and Services (R41m) – Creditor invoices totalling R4,5m and DIRCO claims totalling R29,1 that were only received after financial year end; and Incentives (R10m) – claims for approved incentives not received timeously from private companies for processing in the financial year under consideration. 48 AG’s Report Unqualified Audit Opinion. Matters successfully dealt emanating from previous audit - 2010/11 Performance information – improved performance indicators to SMART criteria- zero findings; and Asset management – monthly asset reconciliations conducted. All losses were investigated and reported. Current matters raised – Contingent liabilities in respect of lawsuits and incentive grants approved by the department but not paid. 49 AG’s Report cont.. Current Matters raised – Irregular expenditure relates to: The irregular expenditure is of a technical nature and the department did receive value for money. The absence of at least three comparable quotations for expenses in excess of R10 000 (in most cases three quotes requested but not all received). The use of single source service providers without obtaining the required approval, e.g. training, conferences, media and publishing etc. The expenditure should have been authorised by the Accounting Officer or the delegated officials. The view of the department is that this was inherent in the delegations of power for expenditure. Such deviations are required to be specific in the delegations which have since been updated. 50 Key Challenges Global slow down and its impact on tradeable sectors. Management and governance of the dti entities. Inter-governmental coordination. Mainstreaming and/or formalisation of co-operatives/ small black business and increasing demand for 10 set asides for small businesses procurement. Short vs Medium- term job creation. 51 Thank you 52