Suggested instructions for maximum gain
1. Use lead/graphite pencil for all drawings
2. Complete the sketch from your memory while referencing the listed components.
3. Check your drawing for accuracy using a textbook or other appropriate resource.
4. Only sketch a few at a time
5. After completing the initial sketches test yourself with the pages in the back.
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2.2.1
Draw and label a diagram of the ultrastructure of Escheria
coli (E. coli) as an example of a prokaryote.
Diagram should include:
- Cell Wall
- Pili
- Nucleoid
1
- Plasma membrane
- Flagella
- Cytoplasm
- Ribosomes
2.3.1
Draw and label a diagram of the ultrastructure of a liver cell
as an example of an animal cell.
Diagram should include:
- Free ribosomes
- Golgi apparatus
- Nucleus
2
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) - Lysosome
- Cell membrane
- Mitochondrion
- Cytoplasm
2.4.1
Draw and label a diagram to show the structure of
membranes.
Diagram should include:
- Phospholipid bilayer
- Hydrophobic tails
- Hydrophilic heads
3
- Cholesterol
- Integral proteins
- Glycoproteins
- Peripheral proteins
3.1.4
Draw and label a diagram showing the structure of water
molecules to show their polarity and hydrogen bond
formation.
Diagram should include:
- Multiple water molecules
4
- Distribution of charges
- Hydrogen bonds
3.3.5
Draw and label a simple diagram of the molecular structure of
DNA.
Diagram should include:
- Phosphate
- Covalent bonds
- Hydrogen bonds
5
- Deoxyribose
- A-T base pair
- Nucleotide identified
- Base
- G-C base pair
- Antiparallel orientation
5.2.1
Draw and label a diagram of the carbon cycle to show the
processes involved.
Diagram should include:
- Photosynthesis
- Combustion
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- Cell respiration
- Fossilization
5.3.2
Draw and label a graph showing a sigmoid (S-shaped)
population growth curve.
Diagram should include:
- x-axis labeled (time)
- Transition phase
- Plateau phase
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- y-axis labeled (population)
- Carrying capacity
- Exponential growth phase
6.1.4
Draw and label a diagram of the digestive system.
Diagram should include:
- Mouth
- Small intestine
- Liver
- Esophagus
- Large intestine
- Pancreas
- Stomach
- Anus
- Gall bladder
* Diagram should clearly show the interconnections between these structures.
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6.2.1
Draw and label a diagram of the heart showing the four
chambers, associated blood vessels, valves and the route of
blood through the heart.
Diagram should include:
- Inferior vena cava
- Pulmonary artery
- Right ventricle
- Right atrium
- AV valves
- Superior vena cava
- Pulmonary vein
- Septum
- Coronary artery
- Bicuspid valve
- Aorta
- Left ventricle
- Left atrium
- Two semi-lunar valves
- Tricuspid valve
* Care should be taken to show the relative wall thickness of the four chambers.
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6.4.4
Draw and label a diagram of the ventilation system.
Diagram should include:
- Trachea
- Bronchioles
- Lungs
- Alveoli
- Bronchi
*Alveoli should be drawn as an inset diagram at a higher magnification.
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6.5.2
Draw and label a diagram of the structure of a motor neuron.
Diagram should include:
- Dendrites
- Myelin sheath
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- Cell body with nucleus
- Nodes of Ranvier
- Axon (longer than
longest dendrite
- Motor end plates (not
covered by myelin sheath
and ending in a button)
6.6.1a
Draw and label a diagram of the adult female reproductive
system.
Diagram should include:
- Bladder
- Oviduct/fallopian tube
- Cervix
- Urethra
- Uterus
- Endometrium
* Relative positions of the organs is important.
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- Ovary
- Vagina
6.6.1b
Draw and label a diagram of the adult male reproductive
system.
Diagram should include:
- Bladder
- Vas deferens
- Seminal vesicles
- Urethra
- Penis
- Prostrate
* Relative positions of the organs is important.
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- Testes
- Epididymis
B.1.2
Draw and label diagram of the human elbow joint.
Diagram should include:
- Cartilage
- Ulna
- Biceps
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-Synovial fluid
- Radius
- Triceps
- Joint capsule
- Humerus
B.1.6
Draw and label a diagram to show the structure of a
sarcomere.
Diagram should include:
- Z lines
- Light bands
- Actin filaments
- Dark bands
- Myosin filaments with heads
* No other terms for parts of the sarcomere are expected
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Further instructions
1. Use lead/graphite pencil for all drawings
2. Complete the sketch from your memory. Don’t give into the temptation to
check your drawings. Just do it and grade yourself later.
3. Check your drawing for accuracy using a textbook or other appropriate resource.
4. Only sketch a few at a time
5. Continue to study and practice your sketches.
6. Go further and remind yourself of the function of each component as you draw
and label it.
2.2.1
Draw and label a diagram of the ultrastructure of Escheria
coli (E. coli) as an example of a prokaryote.
16
2.3.1
Draw and label a diagram of the ultrastructure of a liver cell
as an example of an animal cell.
2.4.1
Draw and label a diagram to show the structure of
membranes.
17
3.1.4
Draw and label a diagram showing the structure of water
molecules to show their polarity and hydrogen bond
formation.
3.3.5
Draw and label a simple diagram of the molecular structure of
DNA.
18
5.2.1
Draw and label a diagram of the carbon cycle to show the
processes involved.
5.3.2
Draw and label a graph showing a sigmoid (S-shaped)
population growth curve.
19
6.1.4
Draw and label a diagram of the digestive system.
6.2.1
Draw and label a diagram of the heart showing the four
chambers, associated blood vessels, valves and the route of
blood through the heart.
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6.4.4
Draw and label a diagram of the ventilation system.
6.5.2
Draw and label a diagram of the structure of a motor neuron.
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6.6.1a
Draw and label a diagram of the adult female reproductive
system.
6.6.1b
Draw and label a diagram of the adult male reproductive
system.
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B.1.2
Draw and label diagram of the human elbow joint.
B.1.6
Draw and label a diagram to show the structure of a
sarcomere.
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