PAKISTAN STUDIES
PRESENTER: AQEELA ASIF
Assistant Professor
Introduction
 Aqeela Asif
 MA (History)
University of the Punjab
 B.Ed
AIOU
 BA
University of the Punjab
 Diploma (English) NUML
 Joined CIIT
January 27, 2004
 Teaching
Social Sciences Courses
Importance of Social Sciences
 Social sciences promote social sense
among students
 Creates awareness among youth about
social and political issues
 Promotes sense of responsibility and
patriotism
OBJECTIVES
 To sensitize students about the importance of
Pakistan’s geographical and strategic position in
South Asia.
 To promote the knowledge of Pakistani culture
and civilization.
 To aware new generation about the current
affaires and important pillars of Pakistan’s
political system
cont.
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To aware the students with the meaning and
significance of Pakistan’s foreign policy.

Pakistan Studies as a compulsory subject.
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To develop the qualities of patriot Pakistani for
understanding and full filling their duties and
responsibilities.
cont.
 To develop the sense of belongingness to their
motherland.
 To develop strong faith in the basic concepts of
Pakistan’s ideology and introduction of Pakistan’s
historical background.
Text Book: Pakistan Studies by M. Ikram Rabbani
Course outline
Tentative List of Lectures
Lecture 1
Lecture 2
Lecture 3
Lecture 4
Lecture 5
Lecture 6
Lecture 7
Lecture 8
Intro. to Pakistan Studies
Ideology of Pakistan
Muslim Nationalism
Aims and objectives of the establishment of
Pakistan
Land and the People of Pakistan I
Land and the People of Pakistan II
Land and the People of Pakistan III
History of Pakistan I (2500BC-712AD)
History of Pakistan II (712AD- 1526AD)
CONT.
Lecture 09
Lecture 10
Lecture 11
Lecture 12
Lecture 13
History of Pakistan III (1526- 1800AD)
Evolution of Muslim Nationalism in India
Emergence of Pakistan Movement
Pakistan Movement – Historical events
Creation of Pakistan and Role of Muslim
Leadership
Lecture 14 Establishment of Pakistan I from 1947-77
Lecture 15 Establishment of Pakistan I from 1978- 2008
Lecture 16 Different ruler from 1947-2008
CONT.
Lecture 17 Constitutional Developments in Pakistan I.
Lecture 18 Constitution of 1956
Lecture 19 Constitution 1962, 1973.
Lecture 20 Neighboring Countries China & Iran
Lecture 21 Neighboring Countries India & Afghanistan
Lecture 22 Pakistan’s Role in Regional & Inter.
Organizations I: UNO, OIC, NAM
Lecture 23 Pakistan’s Role in Regional & Inter.
Organizations II: SAARC, ECO
Lecture 24 Pakistan and the Muslim world I
CONT.
Lecture 25 Pakistan and the Muslim world II
Lecture 26 Pakistan’s Foreign policy I
Lecture 27 Pakistan’s Foreign policy II
Lecture 28 Current Issues and problems of Pakistan I
Lecture 29 Current Issues and problems of Pakistan II
Lecture 30 Economy of Pakistan
Lecture 31 Industrial sector: Problems & Solutions
Lecture 32 Agriculture sector: Problems & Solutions
LECTURE # 1: WHAT IS AN IDEOLOGY?
“
A political ideology is a system of beliefs that
explain and justifies a preferred political order,
either existing or proposed and offers a
strategy ( institutions, processes
programmers) for its attainment.
(ref. Ideologies & Modern Politics, Reo M.Christenson)
“An ideology offers an interpretation of the past,
and an explanation of the present and a vision
of the future.”
ref. Ibid.,p.4.
HOW IDEOLOGIES EMERGES?
“An ideology emerges when people feel
strongly that are being mistreated under
an existing order, when their status is
threatened by fundamental changes
occurring in the society, and when the
prevailing ideology no longer satisfies
them”
(ref. Ibid.,p.7.)
CONT. HOW IDEOLOGY EMERGES?
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Rejected social position
Time of crisis
Social group
Social stress
Cont. IMPORTANCE OF AN IDEOLOGY
Ideology is a motivating force for a nation which
is striving hard to bring stability to its
nationhood. It provides the cement binding base
to the scattered groups in a society and bring
them closer to each other on a common platform.
BASIS OF PAKISTAN’S IDEOLOGY
 A balanced political system based on Islamic
philosophy
 Two Nation Concept
 Historical background
 Culture and civilization
What are the aims and objectives of the creation of
Pakistan?
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE CREATION OF
PAKISTAN
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Enforcement of the Sovereignty of the Allah Almighty
Establishment of the Islamic Democracy
Revival of Muslim image and Identity
Protection of Muslim Culture and Civilization
Two nation Theory
To get rid of the prejudicial Hindu majority
Establishment of the balanced Economic System
1-ENFORCEMENT OF THE SOVEREIGNTY
OF ALLAH ALMIGHTY
Quaid I Azam said:
“We did not demand Pakistan to acquire a piece
of land but we wanted a homeland we could
introduce Islamic principles”
2-ESTABLISHMENT OF THE ISLAMIC DEMOCRACY
“It is my firm belief that our salvation lies in
following the golden rules of conduct as given
by our great law-giver, the Prophet of Islam. Let
us lay the foundation of our democratic system
on Islamic ideals and principles. The Almighty
has taught us that our decisions in the state
affairs shall be guided by mutual consultation”
(ref. i4 Feburary 1948. Sibi)
3-REVIVAL OF MUSLIM IMAGE AND IDENTITY
 Hindus domination in social, economic,
education and government services.
 United India was not the permanent
solution of these problems.
4- PROTECTION OF MUSLIM CULTURE AND
CIVILIZATION
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Distinctive cultural values
Social behavior
Culture
Civilization
Literature
Hindi- Urdu controversy
Muslims were not prepared to accept Hindu Supremacy
5- TWO NATION THEORY
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Reference of Albruni
Shah Wali Ullah
Syed Ahmed Shaheed Barelvi
Haji Shariat Ullah
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
6-TO GET RID OF THE HINDU MAJORITY
 Muslims came to India as conqueror
 Muslims were dominated in all spheres of social life during
their rule
 Muslim domination aroused Hindu jealousy
 British rule Muslims lost their empire & political supremacy
 British extended favors to Hindus
 British and the Hindu adopted a cruel policy against
Muslims
7- ESTABLISHMENT OF THE BALANCED
ECONOMIC SYSTEM
 In Commerce and trade Hinds were dominated in India
 After War of 1857 the British government had banned
Muslim entry into government service
 All high level civil and military position were reserved for the
Hindus
 Muslims were considered eligible only for low ranking jobs
 Muslims were behind in the field of education
 Muslims of Subcontinent demand for Pakistan to establish
stable economic system for every individual