Governance in Agricultural Extension Innovations and Issues
Dr. P. Chandra Shekara, Director (Agri.Extn.)
National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management [MANAGE],
Hyderabad
1
National Mission on
Agricultural Extension and Technology [NMAET]
 Implemented in 12th plan
 Four Sub Missions
- Sub Mission on Agricultural Extension [SAME]
- Sub Mission on Seed and Planting material [SMSP]
- Sub Mission on Agricultural Mechanization [SMAM]
- Sub Mission on Plant Protection and Plant quarantine [SMPP]
 Extension and Technology are blended through Sub Missions
under NMAET.
2
Extension Reforms – Key Guiding Principles
 New institutional arrangements – Decentralized
decision making.
 Convergence of line departments – Gap filling mode.
 Multi agency extension strategies – Encourage private
sector (minimum 10% allocation).
 Broad-based extension delivery (FSA).
 Group approach to extension – CIGs.
 Gender concerns-Minimum 30% allocation.
 Sustainability of extension services – Minimum 10%
beneficiary contribution.
 Bottom-up planning.
 Convergence of programmes.
3
DAC,MoA, GoI
MANAGE/EEIs
State Level Sanctioning Committee (SLSC)
Inter Departmental Working Group (IDWG)
F
U
N
D
F
L
O
W
SAMETI&SAU/ICAR Inst..
District Training
Centre, KVK & ZRS
Block Technology Team
Agri-Entrepreneurs
State Nodal Cell
ATMA
(GB & MC)
State Farmers
Advisory committee
District Farmers
Advisory Comittee
Block
ATMA Cell
Block Farmers Advisory
Committee
Farmer
Friend
Farm Schools
W
O
R
K
P
L
A
N
CIGs,FIGs, FARMERS/FARM WOMEN
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Issues
 Quality of SREPs
 Convergence among Public-Public and Public-Private
Programmes
 R-E-F-M - Linkages
 Active participation of Farmers Advisory Committees
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Agri-Clinics and Agri-Business Centres Scheme
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Launched on 9th April 2002
Professionalizing Agricultural Extension
Self employment opportunity for qualified Agriculture
professionals
Two months free residential training on Agri-Entrepreneurship
One year handholding support
Start-up loan up to Rs.20 lakhs
36-44% credit linked back-ended composite subsidy
Training and handholding through 108 Nodal Training
Institutes
41, 486 were trained.
16,605 Established Agri-ventures.
32 Categories of activities.
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Agro-ventures Established
(16-12-2014)
Sl.
No.
Name of the Activity
No. of Agriventures
Established
1
Agri-Clinics
2,458
2
Agri-Clinics and Agribusiness Centres
6,069
3
Agro-Eco Tourism
10
4
Animal Feed Unit
44
5
Bio-fertilizer production and Marketing
98
6
Contract Farming
55
7
Cultivation of Medicinal Plants
111
8
Direct Marketing
168
9
Farm Machinery Unit
479
10
Fisheries Development
295
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Sl.
No.
Name of the Activity
No. of Agriventures
Established
11
Floriculture
95
12
Horticulture Clinic
125
13
Landscape + Nursery
109
14
Nursery
413
15
Organic Farming
85
16
Pesticides Production and Marketing
34
17
Post Harvest Management + Value addition
235
18
Fisheries Clinic
14
19
Seed Processing and & Agri-business
312
20
Soil Testing Laboratory
100
21
Tissue culture unit
28
8
Sl.
No.
Name of the Activity
No. of Agri ventures
Established
22
Vegetable production & Marketing
158
23
Vermi Composting / Organic manure
473
24
Veterinary Clinics
823
25
Crop production
187
26
Dairy/Poultry/Piggery/Goat etc.,
27
Rural Godowns
46
28
Production & Marketing of Bio-Control Agents
14
29
Agriculture Journalism
16
30
Sericulture
42
31
Mushroom Cultivation
72
32
Apiary
76
Total
3,361
16,605
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Mr. Vijay Bharat, Post Graduate in Agriculture
Founder of “Mobile Agricultural School (MAS)” Ranchi, Jharkhand
Ph: 09431588284, email: vijmassmoon@yahoo.com
 MAS started in 2006, is an Agri-services and training centre on
wheels moving from village to village equipped with Audio-visual Aids
such as Projector, Screen, Laptop, Electronic Board and CDs on best
farm practices.
 Offers Agri-inputs and consultancy services at the door steps of the
farmer.
 Extension services – Imparts training in the bus itself at the village on
ATMA activities and other Government programmes.
 Provides on farm services to farmers such as Soil testing.
 Plans to replicate the model in Neighbouring States.
 Farmer covered – 46,850 in 26 districts of Jharkhand and Bihar
States.
 Direct Employment to 11 persons.
 Annual turnover Rs.35 lakhs.
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Impact
 Increase in yield -17.4%
 Increase in income - 28.8%
 Extension coverage - 38 Villages per Agripreneur
 Employment created - 6 per Agri-venture
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Issues
 42% of the trained candidates have established Agriventures.
 10% of the established Agripreneurs obtained loan.
 5% of the established Agripreneurs obtained subsidy.
 Poor linkages with ATMA.
 Lack of Agripreneurship Component in Agriculture
education.
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Diploma in Agricultural Extension Services for
Input Dealers (DAESI)

Objective is to transform Input Dealers into Para-Extension
Workers.

Study material in local language.

48 Contact classes and field visits on Market holidays at
District level spread over an year.

Self financed program - Course fee of Rs.20,000/- per
candidate.

Some states meeting a part of course fee.

So far 3,346 Input Dealers were trained across the country.

Conducted 3rd Party evaluation - Outcome very encouraging.

Refresher Programs started.
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Third Party Evaluation of DAESI

DAESI programme is ‘very relevant for 52% of input dealers
and ‘relevant’ for 48% to their profession.

Increase in confidence level in post DAESI years as rated as
“high” by 73%“ very high” by 4% and “moderate” by 23%

Agriculture Department officials (90%) expressed that the
DAESI trained Agri-input dealers are actively participating in
providing extension services to farmers.

Customer base for 81% of DAESI trained input dealers
increased in post DAESI years.

Business income enhanced for 81% of the input dealers.

60% of the farmers satisfied with the advices given by the
DAESI trained input dealers.

Average number of villages and farmers covered per retail Agriinput dealer is 38 and 1071.
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Issues
 Self financing of the programme
 Utilization of DAESI trained Input Dealers in Extension
 Business interest V/s Business Ethics
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Strengthening Agricultural Extension
 Shifting focus from means to ends
 Shifting focus from production to farmer.
 1.25 lakh Common Service Centres and 1.55 lakh
Post offices as Extension Delivery Points.
 Certified Crop Advisors
 Vocationalization of Agriculture
 Social security to farmers
 Accountability - Farmers Charter
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Email: chandra@manage.gov.in
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