How do you
spell that’s
French guy’s
name?
Acids and
Bases
Do you like
Special K?
E is for
Equilibrium
And More
Lovely Stuff
$100
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That French guy’s name #1
• Bromothymol blue (yellow in acidic
solution, blue in basic solution)
HIn(aq)  H+(aq) + In-(Aq)
Yellow
Blue
• Which way will the equilibrium shift
if NaOH is added?
Le Chateaux Principle?
Fe3+(aq) + SCN-(aq)  FeSCN2+(aq)
Gold
colorless
Red-brown
What will happen if KSCN is added?
What will happen if Fe(NO3)3 is
added?
Le Chatelier’s Again
Co(H2O)62+(aq) + 4Cl-(aq)  CoCl42-(aq) + 6H2O(l)
Pink
Blue
H= +50 kJ
What will happen if:
• The solution is cooled
• 0.1 M AgNO3(aq) is added
• Distilled water is added
• Table salt is added
Acids and Bases #1
• Which is the weakest acid?
•
•
•
•
•
Acetic acid (HC2H3O2); Ka = 1.8 x 10-5
Hydrocyanic acid (HCN); Ka = 6.2 x 10-10
Benzoic acid (C6H5CO2H); Ka = 6.4 x 10-5
Formic acid (HCHO2); Ka = 1.8 x 10-4
Chlorous acid (HClO2); Ka = 1.2 x 10-2
Acids and Bases #2
• Complete the following reaction:
• NH3(aq) + HC2H3O2(aq) 
• Which is the acid? Which is the base?
• Identify the conjugate acid and conjugate base in
the reaction.
Equilibrium #1
2 SO3 <==> 2 SO2 + O2, Kc = 1.6 x 10-10
At equilibrium, which is true?
(a ) The concentrations of both SO2 and O2 will be
much larger than the concentration of SO3.
(b) The concentrations of both SO2 and O2 will be
much smaller than the concentration of SO3.
(c) The concentration of O2 will be exactly one half
the concentration of SO3.
(d) The concentration of O2 will be exactly twice the
concentration of SO3.
Equilibrium #2
Which box represents the system
when it has first reached equilibrium?
Acids & Bases #3
• Benzoic acid (C6H5CO2H); Ka = 6.4 x 10-5.
What is the pH of a 0.25 M solution of this
acid?
Equilibrium #3
• The equilibrium constant, Kc, for the reaction
SO3(g) + NO(g)  NO2(g) + SO2(g)
is found to be 5.25 x 10-3 at a certain
temperature. If 0.375 mol of SO3 and 0.375
mol of NO are placed in a 2 L container and
allowed to react, what will be the equilibrium
concentration of each gas?
Special K…..
Which of the following reactions will form
more products (at equilibrium) at the same
temperature?
Reaction
Reaction
Reaction
Reaction
A: K = 1.57
B: K = 0.068
C: K = 235.90
D: K = 3.5 x 102
…or perhaps cornflakes
2A + B  2C + D
• If K for the following reaction is
1.55x10-2, and the following initial
concentrations are used: [A] = 0.25 M;
[B] = 0.37 M; [C] = 0.87 M; [D] = 0.56
M, which way will the reaction have to
shift to achieve equilibrium?
Other Lovely Stuff
• What’s the name of this shameless
2002 ‘Matrix’ rip-off?
More Lovely Stuff
• Who do you want to win the democratic
nomination for this year’s presidential
campaign?
• Barack Obama
• Hilary Clinton
• Dennis Rodman
• John McCain
• David Hasselhoff
And still more lovely stuff
Very Special K
2A + B  C + 2D
•Equilibrium Expression?
•[A]o = 0.52 M, [B]o = 0.32 M, [C]o =
0.63 M and [D]o = 0.48 M; if [B]e = 0.18
M, what is K for this equilibrium?
Kinetics #2
•
•
•
•
Consider the reaction:
C4H9Br  C4H9+ + Br(Slow)
C4H9+ + H2O  C4H9OH2+ (Fast)
C4H9OH2+ + H2O  C4H9OH + H3O+ (Fast)
• Intermediates? Overall Rate Law? Overall
balanced equation?
Kinetics #3
• How do catalysts speed up the rate
of a reaction?
Science on TV #3
• What science fiction-based comedy
series are these characters from?
Science on TV #4
• In the TV show CSI, one of the tests
the scientists use to detect the
presence of blood is through the use
of a Q-tip and several clear solutions.
If a pink color is observed on the Qtip, this is a positive test for blood.
• What is the solution they use which
gives the pink color?
Science on TV #5
• ER: In this show, actors play many
roles, including those of people who
are employed specifically to draw
patients’ blood.
• What is the name of this profession?
Pick ‘n’ Mix 1
• What are the units for the universal
gas constant, R?
Pick ‘n’ Mix 2
• A balloon is being inflated. V changes
from 3.60 x 104 L to 1.50 x 105 L
during inflation, by addition of 0.5 x
105 J of energy (as heat). Balloon
expands against external pressure of
1.25 atm. Calculate E for process. (1
L.atm = 101.3 J)
Pick ‘n’ Mix 3
• Draw Lewis dot structures for each
of the following elements:
• C, H, N, O, F and Xe
• Extra Credit: What does the number
of unpaired electrons tell you about
each element?
Pick ‘n’ Mix 4
• What is the chemical equation that
corresponds to the standard enthalpy
of formation (Hf) of perchloric
acid, HClO4(l) ?
Pick ‘n’ Mix 5
• How many valence electrons are in a
molecule of sugar (C6H12O6)?