Study Guide for First Quiz
Science Word Parts on Quiz Tomorrow
Prefix
antiatmochromo
condiendoexoheterohomohydro-
MEANING
against
vapor
color
together
double
within
outside
different
same
water
Prefix
ininterisomacromicrophotosubsynteletrans-
MEANING
inside
between
equal
large
small
light
under
together
distant
across
Suffix
-ation
-escent
MEANING
the act of
becoming
-graphy
description of
-ogy
-meter
study of
device for measuring
-scope
instrument for seeing
-sphere
round
-stasis
stationary condition
-therm
--verge
heat
turn
absorb
Definition
• To collect, or take in
Memory Pictograph
Facts/Examples/NonExample
• Dark colors absorb heat
• Light is absorbed or
reflected
• Leaves absorb sunlight in
order to make food
(photosynthesize)
• Sound waves are absorbed
or reflected (echo)
• Cells absorb nutrients from
their environment
acquired traits
Definition
• Characteristic that an
organisms develops because
of its environment
Memory Pictograph
Facts/Examples/NonExample
• traits NOT from parent, but
from environment
• Help organism survive
better
• Trait develops because of
environmental conditions
• Ex: culture, language, larger
muscles, acquired skill such
as riding a bike
• Nonex: hair color, freckles,
gender ----- inherited traits
adaptations
Definition
• Traits that help plants and
animals survive better
Memory Pictograph
Facts/Examples/NonExample
• Body parts of behaviors that
help an organisms to survive
• more adaptations
better
chances for survival (Darwin)
• EX: Galapagos Islands finches
with beaks adapted to what
they feed on/ camouflage/
speed/ special coloration
• NONEX: traits that make
survival less likely
atmosphere
Definition
• blanket of gases that
surround the Earth
Memory Pictograph
Facts/Examples/NonExample
• 78% nitrogen
• 21% oxygen
• Mixture of nitrogen, oxygen
and other gases in much
smaller amounts
• Reduces in pressure as you go
up in elevation
• Several layers that have
different properties
• NONEX: hydrosphere,
lithosphere, biosphere
atoms
Definition
• Smallest form of matter
Memory Pictograph
Carbon Atom – Atomic # 6
Facts/Examples/NonExample
• Atoms bond together to form
molecules
• Solids, liquids, gases, and plasma
– made of atoms
• Atoms contain particles:
– Protons (+)
– neutrons(no charge)
– electrons(-)
• Invisible and mostly empty space
EX: Hydrogen atoms and all elements
of the Periodic Table
NONEX: Molecules are MADE OF
atoms bonded together
balance of nature
Definition
• Balance and variety of
species in a community
Memory Pictograph
Facts/Examples/NonExample
• Helps prevent overpopulation
• Birth rate and death rate are
similar
• Waste of one species is food
source for another species
• EX: bacteria are decomposers/
roaches are scavengers
• NONEX: Lake Erie dead zones
from too much algae growth
kills fish in sudden die off
event
balance scale
Definition
Facts/Examples/NonExample
• Instrument used to measure
mass (amount of matter)of an
object
• Measuring tool
• Works like a lever
• Compares unknown mass to
known mass
• Measures in metric:
grams (g) or kilograms (kg)
• Heavy mass goes down/ light
mass goes up
• EX: triple beam balance
• NONEX: human weight scale –
measures mass and pull of
gravity on you which depends
on whether you are on Earth,
moon, or another planet
Memory Pictograph
benefit
Definition
• Something that provides and
advantage to an organism
Memory Pictograph
Facts/Examples/NonExample
• Anything that helps a
species survive
• Benefits come with risks
EX: pesticides can benefit
humans by reducing
mosquito populations BUT
organisms that feed off
mosquitoes (bats, birds,
fish, frogs) will be harmed
NONEX: no long term benefit
to using up all the
resources
cells
Definition
• Basic unit of all living things
Memory Pictograph
Facts/Examples/NonExample
• Animal cells usually round
• Plant cells usually more
squared off
• Human body made up of
trillions of cells
• All cells come from other living
cells
• EX: prokaryote (no nucleus)
and eukaryote (has nucleus)
cells
• NONEX: atoms and molecules
are matter that help to make
up cells but cells are alive and
matter is not
cell wall
Definition
• Outer boundary of a plant,
fungi, and bacteria cells
Memory Pictograph
Facts/Examples/NonExample
• Hard rigid boundary that
provides support and
protection
• Explains why plants do not
move about well
• Can bend, but will not move
• EX: made of cellulose and
makes wood hard and
durable
• NONEX: animal cells do NOT
have cell walls