WELCOME’S YOU for Free computer course offered by Govt. of Tamil Nadu under SJSRY Scheme COURSE 1 HARDWARE BASIC HARDWARE IDENTIFICATION OF PARTS OF PC PARTS OF MOTHER BOARD ADD-ON –CARDS VARIOUS PHERIPERALS TYPES OF RAM COMMUNICATION PORTS PC ASSEMBLING. BIOS SETUP. OS INSTALLATION DEVICE DRIVERS INSTALLATION SOFTWARE INSTALLATION CD WRITING/PRINTING COMPUTER COMPUTER FULL FORM Common Operating Machine Particularly Used for Trade Education and Research COMPUTER INVENTED BY Charles Babbage (US) INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER 1ST Generation Computer {1946-1955} Very large size Very slow Very less program can be fed It is made from Glass and valves Hence it will get heated very fast Its life time is very short It requires high voltage Very costly INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER 2nd Generation Computer {1956-1965} The size of the computer is small when compared to 1st Generation Computer. This has been made using Transistor. We can use basic cobal language in this Computer. Models: IBM 1401, IBM 1602,CDC1604 INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER 3rd Generation Computer {1966-1975} These computer are made using IC (Integrated circuits). It memory capacity is up to 4 MB It accept high language. Models:IBM system / 360, 370, ICL series. 1900, 2000 INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER 4th Generation Computer{1976-1985} This computer has been made using chips, thousands of transistor are inbuilt in a chip. It works very fast and the size also small, compared 3rd Generation Computer. Its memory is up to 100 MB. MODELS: hp 3000, Apple II , VAX II INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER 5th Generation Computer {1986-2009} At present we are using 5th Generation Computer Chip set is used here. MAIN PARTS OF COMPUTER I . Input unit (Key Board / Mouse) II. Output unit (Monitor/printer ) III. System unit – Processing data i. Core unit ii. Storage unit iii. Power unit SYSTEM UNIT The main parts in System unit are : 1. Core unit : (Mother Board, Processor, Ram ) 2. Storage Unit : [a] Permanent storage - Hard disk [b] Removable storage - CD-ROM,CD-R/W, DVD & Floppy Drive. 3. Power Unit : SMPS (Switch Mode Power Supply) – For power supply. 1.CORE UNIT MOTHERBOARD : It contains the main pc circuit and chipset PROCESSOR : The processor which executes the program code and controls all other devices in PC. MEMORY MODULES : RAM is the working space for the processor and it executes the programs . MOTHER BOARD TYPES OF MOTHERBOARD XT - 5+6=11PINS AT - 6+6 =12PINS ATX - 10+10=20PINS MATX - 20+4=24PINS PROCESSOR PROCESSOR IS BRAIN OF THE COMPUTER THERE ARE TWO TYPES 1. SLOT TYPE (OR) CARD TYPE 2. SOCKET TYPE (OR) PIN TYPE PROCESSOR MANUFACTORS PENTIUM AMD CELERON 8088 80286 80386 80486 PENTIUM PENTIUM PRO PENTIUM MMX PENTIUM I,II,III,IV AMD ATHALON AMD SEMPRON AMD DURON AMD XP CELERON A CELERON B CELERON C CELERON D MEMORY MODULES RAM : (Random Access Memory) TYPES OF MEMORY MODULES : A]. S - RAM (Static RAM) B]. D - RAM (Dynamic RAM) RAM : It is in-built in processor. it’s normally called as Cachee memory. Frequent works are stored in s-ram memory. S- MEMORY RAM ROM PROM EPROM EEPROM S-RAM CACHE L1,L2,L3 D-RAM EDO SDRAM RD RAM DDR RAM D-RAM TYPES D - RAM: There are four types of Dynamic RAM which depends upon the speed and capacity. TYPES OF MEMORY MODULE : i. EDO RAM -Extended Data Out RAM ii. SD RAM - Synchronized Dynamic RAM iii. RD RAM -Ram bus Dynamic RAM iv. DDR RAM -Double Data Rate Dynamic RAM I .EDO - RAM EDO - EXTENTED DATA OUT RAM Year:1995 Pins :72, 30 Speed : 33 MHz to 66 MHz, Cut : Center cut(72),no cuts(30.) Condition: Pair and Equal Order. Slot 2 should not be used instead of Slot 1 EDO DRAM II.SD-RAM SD (SYNCHRONIZED DYNAMIIC RAM) : Year : 1996 PIN : 168 Pins, Speed : 66 to 200 MHz. Capacity : 32 MB, 64 MB , 128 MB and 256 MB, Now available only up to 128 MB Cuts : Centre and Corner Cut. Condition : Nil SDRAM III.RD RAM RD RAM [ Rambus Dynamic RAM] Year : 1999 Pin : 184 Pins Speed : 800 MHz to 1600 MHz. Capacity : 256 MB, 512 MB, 1 GB Cuts : Two Center Cut. Condition : Not used in single RAM but option is to use Crimm Stick .(Crimm Stick is a dummy stick). It is used to just close another slot. RD RAM IV.DDR RAM DDR RAM [ DOUBLE DADA RATE] Year: 1999 to 2008 Pin : 184 Speed : 200 – 1333 MHz Capacity : 128, 256, 512 MB, 1 GB and 2 GB Cut : Center Cut Condition: Ram speed should not exceed processor speed DDR RAM 2.STORAGE UNIT TYPES OF STORAGE DEVICES [a] Permanent storage : Hard drive The devices which stores the data and programs [b] Removable storage : Floppy drive Other drive :CDROM Drives, DVDROM, CD&DVD writer, Provides removable storage 3.POWER UNIT SMPS : (Switch Mode Power Supply) It convert the voltage from 230 AC to 12 DC. The module which supplies the DC power to the motherboard and all the units at the required voltages. It contains Power connector - 12 volt DC. Molex - 5 volt DC. Mini Molex - 3 volt DC. PARTS OF MOTHER BOARD 1. Chip Set 2. Processor socket 3. Memory modules & slots. 4. Expansion slot 5. Drive Connector 6. BIOS Chip 7. CMOS Battery 8. Front Panel 9. IO Port Connector 10. Power Connector 1.CHIP SETS CHIP SETS : A chip set consists of a group of IC which are inbuilt in the board. Now we are using two types of Chip set. 1.North Bridge Chipset (or) Encouraging Chip It is located in-between the Processor and RAM. It is called as System Control Chip (or) Memory Controller hub [MCH]. 2. South Bridge Chipset : It is located away from the processor. It is called as Peripheral control chip set (or) I/O controller hub[ICH] . 2.PROCESSOR SOCKET PROCESSOR : It is the brain of computer, it execute the program codes and control all other devices. Types of processor socket : 1) slot type - card type [old] 2) socket type - pin type [new] PROCESSOR SOCKET Types of sockets : DIP - Dual Inline Processor LIF - Lower Insertion Force ZIF - Zero Insertion Force [with lock]. LGA - LAN Grid Array [Latest] MANUFACTURES: Intel, AMD, Celeron. 3.MEMORY SLOTS SIMM SLOT- Single Inline Memory Model PINS - 72 PINS CUT - CENTER CUT USED RAM - EDO RAM DIMM SLOT- Dual Inline Memory model PINS - 168 CUT - CENTER & CORNER cut USED RAM - SD RAM RIMM SLOT- RAMBUS Inline Memory Model PINS - 184 CUT - TWO CENTER CUT USED RAM - RD RAM DDR DIMM - Double Data Rate Dual Inline Memory Model PINS - 184 PINS CUT - CENTER USED RAM - DDR RAM 4 . EXPANSION SLOTS Expansion Slot : It is used to fix the add on card. ADD ON CARDS : In the latest Mother Board most of the cards are inbuilt in the Mother Board itself. If required, the following add on cards can be fixed in the motherboard. EXPANSION SLOTS TYPES OF EXPANSTION SLOTS : A. ISA slot - Industrial Standard Architecture. B. PCI slot - Peripheral Component Interface. C. AGP - Accelerated Graphics Port. D. PCIE X16 - Peripheral Component Interface Express* x 16. A . ISA SLOT ISA: Industrial Standard Architecture. It is long and black in colour. Pins - 98 Speed - 8.3 MHz. Capacity - 16 Bit Non Plug and play B .PCI SLOT PCI : Peripheral Component Interface. It is small and white in color. Pins - 120 Speed - 33.3 MHz Capacity - 32 Bit Plug and play C .AGP SLOT AGP : Accelerated Graphics Port. It is long and Violet, brown in colour. Pins - 124. Speed - System speed. Capacity - 64 bits. Plug and play Only Graphics card can be fixed D. PCIE*X16 SLOT PCIEX16 : PCI Express *x16. This slots is used for display card recently introduced. PCI x-16ver2.0 has faster bandwidth then the pervious version. Advantage : faster and more reliable. 5 .DRIVE CONNECTOR DATA CABLES: Data cables are used to transfer data between two different devices. A. IDE Cable. B. FDD Cable. C. SCSI Cable. D. SATA Cable. A. IDE CONNECTOR IDE–Integrated Drive Electronics. 40 pins connector (ATA) Two connector in MBD four device can be connect with help of IDE cable IDE- I (Primary) Connector. IDE-II (Secondary) Connector. HDD, CD ROM, CD R/W, DVD can be connected. B.FDD CONNECTOR FDD : Floppy Disk Drive 34 pin connector (17+17=34pins). Only floppy can be connected. One connector in MBD two device can be connect with help of FDC cable. C .SCSI CONNECTOR SCSI CABLE : Small Component Standard Interface : 50 pin connector (25+25=50 pins). It is used in server only. Capacity :160- 256 GB. Data transfer rate 80 MBPS SCS 1 – 1 : 1 to 7 Devices. SCS 1 – 2 : 1 – 15 Devices. SCS 1 – 3 : 1 – 31 Devices. D .SATA CONNECTOR SATA: Serial Advance Technology Attachment 7 pin connector It is used to connect only one device. High capacity of Hard Disk can be connected. Maximum no.of devices - 4 devices. Capacity : 80 GB- 1500 GB. Clamp side to be connect in motherboard and other side to be in HDD. 6 .BIOS CHIP [ROM] BIOS : BASIC INPUT OUTPUT SYSTEM Small software program codes are burnt into the Basic Input Output System. They are… 1. First boot device. 2. Floppy Drive Checking. 3. Virus warning. 4. RTC - Real Time and Clock 5. Processor Speed and Temperature. BIOS CHIP [ROM] BIOS MANUFACTURERS : AMI, AWARD, ALI ETC., To go to BIOS set up, Press-DEL key or Press F2. Types of BIOS Chip : 1. OTP : PROM [One Time Programmer]. 2. FLASH: EPROM,EEPROM ,FLASH MEMORY. [Re programmer] BIOS CHIP [ROM] PROM : Programmable Read only memory (once reprogrammed) EPROM :Electrically programmable Read Only memory. Reprogrammed by using UV rays. EEPROM : Electrically Erasable Programmable. Read Only Memory.Re programmable with software utility (DDO software). FLASH MEMORY: Now the Mother Board are made with Flash Memory. Hence we can upgrade the software easily. 7. CMOS BATTERY [RAM] CMOS :[Complimentary Metal Oxide Semi Conductor] CMOS battery used for stand by the BIOS information maintain real time clock and password. The Technical No. Of CMOS Battery is CR-2032. It work as 3.3 volt DC. CMOS LIFE : Monitor display the message as ‘‘CMOS check some error ’’. CMOS BATTERY 8.FRONT PANEL CONNECTOR The front panel connectors are : 1. Power Led (Green/Blue) 2. HDD – Led (Red) 3. Speaker – For beep sound 4. Restore switch (for restarting) 5. Power switch (On-Off switch). 9.PORT CONNECTOR A. SERIAL PORT B. PARALLEL PORT C. DIMM PORT [PS/2] D. VGA PORT E. ETHERNET PORT [RJ 45] F. MODEM PORT [RJ 11] G. USB PORT A.SERIAL PORT [RS232] D Type 9 pins (male) port . Technical name : RS232 Data transfer rate : 100 kbps. Unidirectional communication. It is used for connecting dial up modem & old type mouse. SERIAL PORT B. PARALLEL PORT D Type 25 pins Female Port Data transfer rate : 100 kbps. Bi-directional communication. It is used for connecting Printer & Scanner. PRINTER CABLE – Centronics Cable Printer 36 pins PC 25 pins PARALLEL PORT C. DIMM PORT[PS/2] 6 Pins DIMM (Female) Port connector. Technical name : PS/2 There is two of this port : MOUSE: Green – 6 pins Dimm Connector KEYBOARD :Violet – 6 Pins Dimm connector DIMM PORT[PS/2] D. VGA PORT 15 pins 3 rows D type Female Port connector. This port is actually called D-sub (Dsubminiature) port and is mainly used by CRT and TFT. Monitors for receiving pure and loss less digital signals for display. That’s the reason for it to be called Digital video Interface. VGA PORT E. ETHERNET PORT [RJ45] 8 Pins Port connector. Technical name : RJ45 Data transfer rate : 10 Mbps to 100 Mbps This port is used for connecting the computer either to the Internet or to a private network such as LAN. F. MODEM PORT [RJ11] 4 Pins Port connector. Technical name : RJ11 Data transfer rate : 33.6 Mbps to 56 Mbps This port is used for connecting the computer to the Internet. G.USB PORT 4 Pin multi device connector . It support up to 127 devices. Data transfer rate : 12 mbps - 60 mbps Hot plug and play device (when PC is in ON). USB controller detect the presents and absence of the devices. USB PORT 10 .POWER CONNECTOR It get power supply from SMPS to Mother Board. SMPS (Switch Mode Power Supply) It converts voltage from AC to DC. SMPS contains Power connector - 12 volt DC. Molex - 5volt DC. Mini Molex - 3volt DC SMPS TYPES TYPES FO SMPS. 1. XT - Extended technology. 2. AT- Advance Technology. 3. ATX - Advance Technology Extended. 4. MATX - Micro Advance Technology. XT : (5+6) = 11 pins [ON/OFF wall socket]. AT : (6+6) = 12 pins [shut down]. ATX : (10+10) = 20 pins [on/off system box]. MATX : ( 20+4)= 24 pins [4 pin for hyper net]. POWER CONNECTOR ADD ON CARDS TYPES OF ADD ON CARDS i. Sound Card - Audio. ii. AGP Card - Monitor Display. iii. Network Card - Group of systems. iv. Modem Card - Internet connection. v. T.V.Tuner Card - For T.V. Channel. I.SOUND CARD SOUND CARD [ AUDIO CARD] Pins : 2 Pin Jack (female connector). It has 3 port Connectors. 1. Line in - Pink colour 2. MIC - Blue colour 3. Speaker - Green colour Slot : It is fixed in PCI slot. Use : We use sound Card for Audio. SOUND CARD II. AGP CARD AGP CARD [Accelerated Graphic Port] AGP - Monitor Display Pins - 15 pins and 3 rows (female connector). Slot - It is fixed in AGP slot only. Use - We use AGP Card for Graphics . AGP CARD III.NETWORK CARD[RJ 45] NETWORK CARD : Now we are using RJ 45 RJ 45 - for networking. Pins - 8 pins. Slot - PCI. Speed - 10 MBPS to 100 MBPS. Use - Interconnect the systems. NETWORK CARD IV.MODEM CARD [ RJ11] MODEM CARD : Now we are using RJ 11 RJ 11 - For Internet. Pins - 4 pins. Slot - PCI Slot. Speed - 33.6 to 56 MBPS. Use - For Internet connection. MODEM CARD [ RJ11] V.TV TUNER CARD TV TUNER CARD : For TV channels. Pins : 2 pins coaxial connector. Slot : PCI Slot Use : For view the TV channels. TYPES 1. Internal -system box needed ;save the programs. 2. External - no need for system box. TV TUNER CARD DATA CABLE DATA CABLES: Data cables are used to transfer data between two different devices. A. IDE Cable. B. FDD Cable. C. SCSI Cable. D. SATA Cable. A.IDE CABLE IDE CABLE – Integrated Drive Electronics. 40 pins connector (ATA) Each cable has two connectors. i. IDE- I (Primary) Connector. ii. IDE-II (Secondary) Connector. Maximum no.of devices 4 devices. HDD, CD ROM, CD R/W, DVD can be connected. IDE CABLE B.FDD CABLE FDD CABLE : Floppy Disk Drive 34 pin connector (17+17=34pins). Only floppy can be connected. Twisted side can be connected in floppy and the other side connected in mother board. FDD CABLE C.SCSI CABLES : SCSI CABLE : Small component standard Interface 50 pin connector (25+25=50 pins). It is used in server only. Capacity :160- 256 GB Data transfer rate 80 MBPS SCS 1 – 1 : 1 to 7 Devices. SCS 1 – 2 : 1 – 15 Devices. SCS 1 – 3 : 1 – 31 Devices. SCSI CABLE: D.SATA CABLE. SATA: Serial Advance Technology Attachment 7 pin connector. It is used to connect only one device. High capacity of Hard Disk can be connected. Maximum no. of devices - 4 devices. Capacity : 80 GB- 1500 GB. Clamp side to be connect in motherboard and other side to be in HDD. SATA CABLE BIOS By Tracen vail Assignment 2 PC Networking What is it One of the most common uses of flash memory is for the basic input output system of your computer know as the BIOS on virtually every computer available the bios makes sure all the other chips hard drives ports and CPU function together. BIOS HOW IT WORKS Bios or Basic Input/Output System is the software code that first runs when the pc is starting up. It contains all the information necessary to initialize nearly all the hardware components of the pc. Normally, when you switch on the PC, the BIOS performs a Power on Self Test, or POST as it is called. This is a series of diagnostic tests on the RAM and other Hardware. It also initializes all the hardware devices such as the hard disk, memory, video and other hardware, identifies and reserves memory addresses for all the IRQs and ports available on the motherboard, and calls a small operating system program known as the boot loader. The boot loader, using the BIOS information amongst other things, starts calling the programs that will load the OS. And finally, the OS uses the bios information to take control over the hard ware devices BIOS FUN FACTS •Most modern BIOS have the ability to schedule an auto start. •For Lenovo PCs, you get to the BIOS by pressing F1 when the computer starts. •Each computer company has it on why of getting to get to the bios HOW TO WORK A BIOS To access an option in the BIOS use the cursor keys to highlight your choice, as shown in Screenshot A the enter key will either invoke a submenu or open a selection window to alter the value associated you'll have to use the plus +or minus - keys HOW TO WORK A BIOS Opening sub-menus: Many option values may be altered with the plus + and minus - keys, while others require navigating inside selection menus or pick lists, In the "Main" or "Standard CMOS Setup" menus, you can set the date and time, and also define the attributes of your hard drive In the "BIOS Features Setup" menu, you'll work with general settings of all kinds. The "Integrated peropherals menu is where you can manage interfaces and auxiliary system functions. ENDING A BIOS SESSION To end a BIOS program you strike the F10 key or select the main menu entry that reads "Save & Exit Setup. Sometimes this involves first selecting an Exit option, then choosing the Exit & Save Changes subentry You will then be presented with a choice between Y and N where the Y key saves your changes, and the N key discards them. Select one or the other and you'll exit the BIOS Setup program. IDENTIFY YOUR BIOS During boot, enter the BIOS setup by pressing F2. Check the Main menu. The 4 digit number after the 86A or 86I is the current BIOS version Press Escape to exit BIOS Setup. MANUFACTURERS American Megatrends (AMI) Award Software International Inc. Microid Reseach Inc. (MR.BIOS) Phoenix Technologies Ltd. Motherboard Manufacturers BIOS Upgrade Websites INSTALLING YOUR NEW OPERATING SYSTEM INSTALLING YOUR NEW OPERATING SYSTEM o Determine your installation order. If you are installing a Linux distribution that you want to run alongside Windows, you need to install Windows first and then Linux. This is because Windows has a very strict boot loader that needs to be in place before Linux is installed, otherwise Windows won’t load. Boot from your installation disc. Insert the installation disc into your optical; drive, and reboot your computer. Normally a computer boots from the hard drive first, so you will need to adjust some settings in your BIOS in order to boot from the disc drive. You can enter the BIOS by hitting the designated Setup key during the boot process. The key will be displayed on the same screen as your manufacturer’s logo. Common Setup keys include F2, F10, F12, and Del/Delete. Once you are in the Setup menu, navigate to the Boot section. Set your DVD/CD drive as the first boot device. If you are installing from a USB drive, make sure that the drive is inserted and then select it as the first boot device. Once you’ve selected the correct drive, save your changes and exit Setup. Your computer will reboot. Try your Linux distribution before installing. Most Linux distributions come with a copy that can be loaded directly from the installation disc. This will allow you to “test drive” your new operating system before you commit to the installation process. Once you are ready to install, click the Installation program on the desktop This is only possible with Linux distributions. Windows does not allow you to test out the operating system before you install. Wait for the Setup program to load. No matter which operating system you choose, the setup program will need to copy some files to your computer before it can continue. This can take several minutes, depending on the speed of your computer’s hardware. You will most likely need to choose some basic options, such as language and keyboard layout. Enter your product key. If you are installing Windows 8, you will need to enter your product key before you can begin installation. Older Windows versions will ask for the product key after installation is complete. Linux users will not need a product key, unless it is a purchased version such as Red Hat. Choose your installation type. Windows will give you the option of Upgrading or performing a Custom installation. Even if you are upgrading an older version of Windows, it is highly recommended that you choose Custom and start from scratch. This will minimize problems that may arise later from combining old settings and new ones. Format your partitions. If you are installing Windows, you will need to choose which hard drive partition you want to install it on. Deleting partitions will wipe the data on the partition and return the space to the Unallocated section. Select the unallocated space and create a new partition. If you are installing Linux, the partition needs to be formatted in the Ext4 format. Create your Windows login. Once your Windows installation is complete, you will need to create a username. You can also choose to create a password, though this is not necessary. After creating your login info, you will be asked for your product key. In Windows 8, you will be asked to customize the colors first. After that, you can choose to either log in with a Microsoft account, or use a more traditional Windows username. INSTALL YOUR DRIVERS AND PROGRAMS Install your drivers and programs. Once installation is complete, you will be taken to your new desktop. From here, you can begin installing your programs and making sure that your drivers are installed an up to date. Make sure to install an antivirus program if you are going to be connecting to the internet. ASSEMBLING YOUR OWN COMPUTER SYSTEM 7.1 Assembling the Hardware 7.2 Installing the Operating System 7.3 Compatibility Issues in Hardware 7.1 ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Choose the right combination of hardware e.g. Home use and web surfing LAN card or modem is needed no need to install sophisticated hardware Cost considerations never go for CPU with the highest speed choose a hard disk with appropriate capacity consider reputation and warranty 7.1 ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Precautions in computer assembling Discharge oneself before handling hardware Hold the main board and expansion cards by edges Return the main board and peripherals to anti-static bags Disconnect the power before working on the system ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 1: Installing the Power Supply Fix the power supply Open the computer case Set the voltage supply at 200 - 230 V ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 2: Configuring the Main Board jumper CPU System Bus Frequency CPU Clock Ratio CPU Core Voltage Setting up jumpers ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 3: Inserting CPU into the main board The socket, heat sink and fan support base are mounted onto the main board Heat sink and fan: prevent overheating ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 3: Inserting CPU into the main board ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 4: Inserting the RAM Check the position of RAM module Insert the module vertically into the DIMM slot and push it in ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 5: Mounting the main board into the computer case ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 6: Main board signal connections Completed connectors Connecting pins on the main board Case signal connectors ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 7: Connecting the Power Supply to the Main Board Power supply connectors ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 8: Installing the expansion cards Install the video adapter first AGP card goes into the AGP slot Secure the card to the case with a screw Position the expansion card horizontally over the slot Install other cards ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 8: Installing IDE devices IDE drives: hard disk, CD-ROMs and DVD-ROMs Set the jumpers on the drives before mounting Two IDE channels on the main board Each channel can attach to two devices Jumpers on IDE device ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 8: Installing IDE devices 1. Mounting the device into the device bay with screw 2. Align the red strip on the ribbon cable ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 8: Installing IDE devices 3. Insert the connector into the IDE port 4. Insert the power supply connector ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 8: Installing IDE devices Master device: alone device on IDE cable Slave device: second device on the same cable Ultra ATA 66/100 IDE cable black: for Master drive grey: for Slave drive blue: for connecting to IDE port onboard ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 8: Installing IDE devices Installing CD-ROM drive Install the drive into an available bay Insert the power cord into the drive Connect the drive to the main board via the ribbon wire Connect the sound cable from the drive to the main board connector ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 8: Installing IDE devices Installing CD-ROM drive Connect the sound cable to CD-ROM drive Connect the sound cable to main board ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 9: System check Connect the power cable Switch on the computer Check the message on screen Set up BIOS and install OS if the system works fine ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Fine tuning the computer installation The drives are connected to the power supply properly. A fan is attached to the CPU with the power plug connected to the main board. Ribbon cables of floppy disk and IDE drives are attached correctly. All connections are tight. CPU core voltage is set correctly. Cards are inserted fully in slots. No wires protrude into any fans. INSTALLING THE OPERATING SYSTEM Clean install All the content of the hard drive are erased and everything is installed from scratch Format the hard drive and install the OS Back up the data before clean installing an existing PC Upgrade A new OS is installed directly over the previous version Old files are left which affect the system INSTALLING THE OPERATING SYSTEM Materials needed Hardware documentation Driver disks of hardware User’s menu of new OS Start-up procedures for installing an OS Start from floppy disk e.g. Windows 98 Start from CD-ROM e.g. Windows XP INSTALLING THE OPERATING SYSTEM Start from floppy disk (Windows 98) Prepare a boot disk Check the boot-up sequence Ensure the partition of the hard disk where OS is installed is active Insert the boot disk into the floppy disk Turn on the power supply Insert the Windows 98 CD-ROM into the drive and type “D:\setup.exe” Follow the on-screen prompts INSTALLING THE OPERATING SYSTEM Start from CD-ROM (Windows XP) Check the BIOS boot sequence Insert Windows XP CD-ROM into the drive Boot the system Start installation process Remove the Windows XP CD-ROM Reboot the computer INSTALLING THE OPERATING SYSTEM Installing applications Yes Restart Run install file Enter Serial # Yes Yes Have serial number? Start No Find Serial # Have disk space? No Free up space Yes Fill out form Run No Restart needed? Register Now? No Submit form Finish installation COMPATIBILITY ISSUES IN HARDWARE Compatibility problem among main board, video adapter and expansion cards Solutions Place each expansion card in different slots Take turns at replacing every expansion card in a certain order Use step-by-step approach to analyze the installation of device driver.