AMA Precision Aerobatics
JUDGES TRAINING
PRESENTATION
2005
SCHEMATIC MANEUVER DIAGRAMS
AMA ADVANCED 404
403-1 - Takeoff
OPTIONAL
approx
900
TURN
Or
270 TURN
WIND
Turnaround:
pilot’s choice
520m
1200
ZERO LINE - Any flying behind zero line scores zero points.
Either TEN or ZERO for take-off sequence.
Second attempt at take-off scores zero.
Takeoff sequence not followed, zero (0) points.
Model takes off outside of the landing zone, zero (0) points.
Only two scores a 10 or a 0 may be awarded for the take-off sequence.
Takeoff is complete when model has finished turnaround to enter the box.
Approx
900 TURN
DOWNWIND
Approx
900 TURN
Approx 2700
TURN
DOWNWIND
403-2 – Reverse Cuban 8
3/4
Loop
3/4
Loop
Straight and
level entry
1/8 Loop
on Entry
 Loops not round and same size
 Model not at 45 degrees at start
and finish of rolls.
 Changes in heading during loops
and rolls.
Rolls not centered in the 45
degree lines and on each other.
Straight and
level exit
Downgrades here.
403-3 - Stall turn
Model not level at start and finish.
Track does not become exactly
vertical.
Model track not vertical at start
and finish of rolls and stall turn.
Return path not parallel to entry
path.
Pivot radius greater than 1/2
wingspan.
Pendulum movement after stall.
Loop segments not round with
same size and radius.
1/4 loop
Straight and level entrance and exit
403-4 -- Slow Roll




Changes in heading.
Changes in altitude.
Roll rate not constant.
Model does not roll
exactly 360 degrees.
Straight and level
exit
Straight and
level
entry
403-5 - Half square loop, 2 of 4 pt roll in Vertical
Straight and level exit
1/4
loop
Corner loop segments not of
equal radius.
Model not vertical before and
after prescribed roll.
Model does not execute 2 of 4
pt roll.
Changes in heading in loop
segments or during roll.
Roll rate not constant.
Up line track not vertical.
1/4
loop
Straight and level
entry
403-6 – Outside Square Loop from Top with ½ Rolls in 1st and 3rd
Legs
Straight and level entry
Straight and level exit
Loop not square.
Rolls not 180 degrees, one
point per 15-Degree Rule.
 Wings not level during onequarter loops.
 Changes in heading during
rolls and loops.
 Sides of square not of equal
length.
 Corner loops not of equal
radius.
 Roll rates not constant.
1/4
loop
1/4
loop
1/4
loop
1/4
loop
403-7 – Bunt with Half Roll Out
Straight and level entry
Model not level at start or finish.
Half roll not executed immediately
after half loop.
Changes in heading after half loop
or half roll.
Model heading does not finish
exactly opposite direction of entry.
Half loop not round.
Over or under rotation of half roll,
one point per 15-Degree Rule.
1/2 loop
Straight and level exit
403-8 - Double Immelmann, Half Roll on Top, Full Roll on
Bottom, Exit Inverted
1/2 loop
1/2 loop
Straight and level entry
Half loops not of equal and constant
radius.
Rolls not immediately after half loops.
Changes in heading during half loops
and rolls.
Rolls are executed before model is level.
Roll rates not constant
Straight Inverted exit
403-9 – Outside Immelmann Turn, Exit Inverted
Straight inverted exit
1/2 loop
 Model not level at start or finish.
 Half roll not immediately after half
outside loop.
 Half roll not completed exactly above
point of commencement of half loop.
 Changes in heading during half
outside loop or half roll.
 Model heading on exit not exactly
opposite direction of entry.
 Half outside loop not round.
Straight inverted entry
403-10 – 45 deg down 1 negative Snap
Straight inverted entry
1/8
loop
Diving path not 45 degrees.
Loop segments not round and of
equal size and radius.
Snap not a negative snap scores
zero (0).
Snap Roll not centered in diving
path
Changes in heading during loops
or snap.
1/8
loop
Straight inverted exit
403-11 Top Hat with 1/4 Rolls, Enter Inverted, Exit Upright
End View
Inverted across top
1/4 loops same radius
as at entry/ exit
 Model not vertical at start and
finish of 1/4 rolls.
1/4 rolls not exactly 90 degrees.
 Model does not fly straight and
level inverted and at 90 degrees
to the flightline.
 Rolls not centered on line
segments.
 Loop segments not round with
same size and radius.
1/4 roll up
1/4 roll down
1/4 loop
403-12 – Triangle Rolling Loop, 2 of 4 Point Roll, Exit
Inverted
3/8 Loop
3/8 Loop
1/4 Loop
Straight Inverted exit
Climbing and descending paths
not 45 degrees.
Climbing and descending paths
not of equal length.
 Two (2) of four (4) point rolls not
90 degrees
Rolls not centered in
corresponding legs
Straight and level entry
Model changes heading during
loops and rolls
Maneuver does not start and
finish at same point.
 Loop segments not round and of
equal radius.
Roll rates not constant
403-13 Push Pull Pull Humpty Bump
1/2 loop
Track of up and down line not
vertical.
Loop segments not round of
equal radius.
Changes in heading during
loop segments or lines
1/4 loop
1/4 loop
403-14 – Upright Avalanche
Pos or Neg
snap roll
Loop not round.
 Changes in heading during
loop.
 Wings not level during loop.
 Snap roll not 360 degrees.
Roll not snap roll scores
zero (0).
Over or under rotation of the
snap roll, one point per 15Degree Rule.
Straight and
evel entry
Straight and level exit
403-15 - Stall turn, 1/2 Rolls up and down
Model not level at start and finish.
Track does not become exactly
vertical.
Model track not vertical at start
and finish of rolls and stall turn.
Return path not parallel to entry
path.
Pivot radius greater than 1/2
wingspan.
Pendulum movement after stall.
Loop segments not round with
same size and radius.
1/2 rolls on up and
down lines
1/4 loop
Straight and level entrance and exit
403-16 – Four Point Roll
One-quarter rolls more or less
than 90 degrees
Model does not hesitate after
each quarter roll
Roll rate not constant
Changes in altitude
Changes in heading
Straight and level exit
Straight and level entry
403-17 - Half square loop, half roll up
Straight and level exit
1/4
loop
Corner loop segments not of
equal radius.
Model not vertical before and
after prescribed roll.
Model does not execute one
half roll.
Half roll not on middle of vertical
line
Changes in heading in loop
segments or during roll.
Roll rate not constant.
Up line track not vertical.
1/4
loop
Straight and level
entry
403-18 – 2-1/2 -turn spin with half roll out
Straight and level entry
 Snap roll entry = ZERO
 Model climbs or dives during entry or exit, one point
per 15-Degree Rule. Entry ends with the stall and exit
begins at completion of one-quarter (1/4) loop recovery
to level flight.
Wings not level during entry or exit.
Track of model not parallel with flight line before stall
or after recovery, one point per 15- Degree Rule.
Wings not perpendicular to flightline at end of
required number of turns, one point per 15-Degree
Rule.
Spiral dive or pure rotation around roll axis of more
than one-half (1/2) turn - zero (0).
Tail of model does not describe a cone during
rotation - zero (0).
Wing passes through vertical plane before nose
passes through horizontal plane (snap roll entry) - zero.
Fuselage reaches a vertical attitude before rotation
begins (simulation of stall by application of elevator) zero (0).
1/4 loop
1/2 roll to Straight
and level exit
403-19 Landing
1800 TURN
(or 360 TURN
if sequence ends downwind)
1800
TURN
WIND
1200
• Either TEN or ZERO for landing sequence
• Must follow Landing Sequence or 0 points
• Any flying behind zero line scores 0 points.
• Model ends on back, 0 points
• Model impacts outside of landing zone, 0 pts
• Gear leg collapses or retracts- 0 points
•Landing Sequence complete when model is below flying speed and has rolled 10 meters.