Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
Cardiovascular Health
Objectives
Identify two factors that contribute to
cardiovascular disease.
Describe behaviors that can reduce your risk of
cardiovascular disease.
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
Quick Quiz Only one of the following statements is true.
Which statement do you think it is?
Heart attacks and strokes can’t be prevented.
Teens do not need to be concerned about
cardiovascular disease.
Smokers are more likely to have a heart attack than
are nonsmokers.
To be healthy, you need to exercise intensely every
day.
You do not need to be concerned about what you eat if
you exercise regularly.
Explain why you gave the answer that you did.
Switch to QuickTake version of the quiz.
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
Cardiovascular Diseases
• Hypertension and high blood cholesterol are two
factors that increase your risk of heart attack and
stroke.
• Both factors may begin in your teens.
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
Hypertension
• A person whose blood pressure is consistently
140/90 or greater has hypertension.
• Hypertension damages blood vessel walls due to the
increased force of the blood.
• The heart must work extra hard to pump blood
through the body.
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
Blood Cholesterol
• Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) carry cholesterol to
body tissues for use or storage.
• Plaque is a substance that builds up in
artery walls.
• Atherosclerosis is a condition in which an
artery wall hardens and thickens due to
plaque buildup.
• High-density lipoproteins (HDL) pick up excess
cholesterol from body tissues and artery walls and
carry it to the liver.
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
Heart Attack and Stroke
• As artery walls thicken, blood flow is constricted.
• Some cells may not receive adequate oxygen or a
blood clot could block the narrowed artery.
• If the artery carries blood to your heart muscles, a
heart attack may result.
• If the artery carries blood to your brain, a stroke
may result.
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
Fast Foods and In-Store Ads
Have you ever entered a fast food restaurant
intending to order something healthy or to eat
light? Once inside, though, did you change your
mind? These questions can help you understand
how restaurants influence your food choices.
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
Do photos of tempting foods entice you to order
them?
Is it difficult to find nutrition information about the
foods?
Does the restaurant offer large servings at
“bargain” prices?
Are there more high-fat foods and high-sugar
options than healthy foods?
Does the person taking your order suggest
additional foods for you to try?
“Yes” answers reveal some of the techniques restaurants use to get you to
order different foods or more food than you originally planned.
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
Other Cardiovascular Disorders
• Heart Murmur is an extra sound, in addition to the
lub-dub, a doctor hears when listening to a
heartbeat.
• Opening in Heart Wall is a hole in the wall
separating the two atria. Oxygen-rich and oxygenpoor blood will mix in the heart, reducing its
efficiency.
• Arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat.
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
Keeping Healthy
• Establishing healthy habits now will decrease your
risk of serious health problems in the future.
• To help maintain cardiovascular health, you should
• exercise regularly
• eat a nutrient-rich, balanced diet
• avoid smoking
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
Exercise
Teens should spend 60 minutes performing physical
activity every day, or at least most days.
• Heart muscles strengthen, allowing more blood to
be pumped with each beat.
• Blood pressure may decrease.
• HDL levels may increase.
• Stress levels may lower.
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
Diet
• No matter how much you exercise, you still need to
pay attention to what and how much you eat.
• To reduce your risk of cardiovascular disease
• limit your intake of fried or processed foods and
of foods made from animal products
• eat high-fiber foods
• limit your salt intake
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
Avoid Smoking
• Tobacco products damage blood vessels and
contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and
hypertension.
• Smokers are two to three times more likely to have a
heart attack than nonsmokers.
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
For: Updates on preventing heart disease
Click above to go online.
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
Vocabulary
low-density
lipoprotein
plaque
A substance that carries cholesterol to body
tissues for storage; “bad” cholesterol.
A substance that builds up in artery walls and
contributes to the development of
atherosclerosis.
atherosclerosis
A condition in which an artery wall hardens and
thickens due to plaque buildup.
high-density
lipoprotein
A substance that picks up excess cholesterol
from body tissues and artery walls and carries it
to the liver.
arrhythmia
An irregular heartbeat.
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
QuickTake Quiz
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Section 12.2 Cardiovascular Health
End of Section 12.2
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