14-1
Communication in a Changing
World, 2006 Edition
C
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14
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Speaking to Inform and
Inspire
Bethami A. Dobkin
Roger C. Pace
McGraw-Hill
© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
14-2
Speaking to Inform and Inspire
• Crafting a Credible Presentation
• Types of Informative Speeches
• Communicating Responsibly: The Good
Person Speaking Well
McGraw-Hill
© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
14-3
Crafting a Credible Presentation
• When we are giving a presentation, our
words are more likely to be understood and
accepted if our audience sees us as credible
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© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
14-4
Crafting a Credible Presentation
• Initial Credibility—the credibility speakers
bring to a situation by virtue of their
reputation or accomplishments
• Derived Credibility—the credibility, or
belief, in a speaker that is created by the
content of the message and the manner in
which it is presented
McGraw-Hill
© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
14-5
Crafting a Credible Presentation
• Think It Over
– How do you Evaluate Credibility?
• Which speakers do you find to be initially credible?
• How much does the topic of their speech matter to
your perception of their credibility?
• Which kind of credibility is most important to you as
a listener? As a speaker?
• If your audience doesn't know you, how might you
build initial credibility? Derived? Enduring?
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© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
14-6
Crafting a Credible Presentation
• Enduring Credibility—the impression of
credibility that remains with your audience
• Charisma—the ability to influence others in
specific situation through personal
dynamism, likeability, and vision
McGraw-Hill
© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
14-7
Crafting a Credible Presentation
“Knowledge is power, but enthusiasm pulls
the switch.”
—Richard Weaver, scholar
McGraw-Hill
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14-8
Types of Informative Speeches
• Speeches that Describe
– Speeches that describe provide details of an
object or concept
• Speeches that Demonstrate
– Speeches that demonstrate inform by showing
audiences how to do something
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14-9
Types of Informative Speeches
Figure 14-1. Concept Map: Types of Informative Speeches
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© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
14-10
Types of Informative Speeches
“The mediocre teacher tells. The good teacher
explains. The superior teacher demonstrates.
The great teacher inspires.”
—William Arthur Ward, author
McGraw-Hill
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14-11
Types of Informative Speeches
• Speeches that Explain
– Speeches that explain teach about or clarify an
event or development
• Speeches that Narrate
– Speeches that narrate use an extended story to
make a statement
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14-12
Speaking at Special Occasions
• Applying Communication Concepts
– Sample Speech to Inform
• How effective is the structure of this speech?
• How does the speaker attempt to adapt to the
audience?
• Does the speaker use adequate source material?
• How might visual aids contribute to this speech?
• How might the speech be more effective?
McGraw-Hill
© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
14-13
Communicating Responsibly: The
Good Person Speaking Well
• Treat Your Audience with Care and Respect
• Use Humor Appropriately
– Avoid ridiculing individuals or groups
– Steer clear of off-color humor
– Use material that is fresh and varied
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14-14
Summary
• Credibility refers to the perception that a
speaker is knowledgeable, believable, and
trust-worthy
• The goal of an informative speech is to
convey knowledge
• Speakers have an obligation to live the
values they speak about
McGraw-Hill
© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.