School of Administrative Studies Faculty of Liberal Arts & Professional Studies
York University
AP/ADMS 4709: Terrorism: The New Threat
Fall 2014
Course/Professor Information
Instructor:
Dr. Alireza N. Haghighi
Lectures:
Mondays 4:00-7:00pm
Location:
NH032
Office:
Room# 242, Atkinson
Office Hours:
Mondays :1:00 -2:30 pm
Phone:
416-731-2662
Email:
a.haghighi@utoronto.ca
Calendar Description
This seminar focuses on various components of terrorism and facilitates a closer
examination of both conventional and changing nature of terrorism. Security
practices that continue to be applied to the present-day threat will be discussed. New
and unconventional anti-terror processes will be explored that are expected to
curtail the rise of terrorism.
Satisfactory performance in the seminar will be based on class participation, writing
assignments, class presentations, and tests.
Required Texts:
1.
Gus Martin. 2014. Essentials of Terrorism: Concepts and Controversies. Third
Edition. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. Available at York bookstore.
2.
Additional readings are either hyperlinked OR posted on course website
Marking Scheme
A. Participation
B. One Presentation
C. Midterm Exam
D. Term Paper
E. In-Class Test
10% Ongoing
15% Ongoing
25% October 20
25% November 17, 2014
25% - December 1, 2014
Important Dates
Start Date September 8, 2014 End Date December 7, 2014
Last Day to Drop Without a Grade November 7, 2014 Last Day to Enrol Without
Permission of the Professor September 22, 2014
Student Financial Services
Academic Fees
Dates for Withdrawal and Return of Fees
LECTURE SCHEDULE
Week 1: September 8, 2014
Introductory Lecture: Terrorism and Its Definition(s)
Required Reading:
1. Martin, Essentials of Terrorism, pp. 1-23.
2. U.S. Department of State, “The Terrorist Enemy,” at:
http://www.state.gov/j/ct/enemy/
Part I: Frameworks of Analysis
Week 2: September 15, 2014
Historical Framework: Genealogy of Terrorism
Required Reading:
1. Martin, Essentials of Terrorism, pp. 23-45.
2. Terrorism: The Canadian Encyclopedia:
http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/terrorism/
3. Terrorism: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy:
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/terrorism/
Week 3: September 22, 2014
Socio-Political and Economic Framework: Causes of Terrorism
Required Reading:
1. Martin, Essentials of Terrorism, pp. 45-68.
Week 4: September 29, 2014
Media Framework: Terrorist Violence and the Role of the Media
Required Reading:
1. Martin, Essentials of Terrorism, pp. 68-83.
2. Carl J. Ciovacco, “The Contours of Al Qaeda’s Media Strategy” in Studies in
Conflict & Terrorism, 32:853–875, 2009
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Week 5: October 6, 2014
Religious Framework: Religious Terrorism I
Required Reading:
1. Martin, Essentials of Terrorism, pp. 137-161.
October 13: Happy Thanksgiving – University Closed
Week 6: October 20, 2014
Midterm Exam
Religious Framework: Religious Terrorism II
Required Reading:
1. Sean Kay, Global Security in the Twenty-First Century (London: Rowman &
Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2006), pp. 230-238.
2. Fred Halliday, Islam and the Myth of Confrontation (New York: I.B. Tauris,
2003), pp. 107- 132.
3. Bernard Lewis, The Crisis of Islam: Holy War and Unholy Terror(New York
:Random House)
Week 7: October 27, 2014
Domestic and Global Frameworks: Domestic and International Terrorism;
Failed States
Required Reading:
1. Martin, Essentials of Terrorism, pp. 161-207.
2. Rotberg, R. I. (2002). Failed states in a world of terror. Foreign Affairs, 81(4),
127-140.
Part II: Typologies of Terrorism
Week 8: November 3, 2014
Terrorism by States and Non-State Actors
Required Reading:
1. Martin, Essentials of Terrorism, pp. 84-137.
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2. U.S. Department of State, “ Foreign Terrorist Organizations,” at:
http://www.state.gov/j/ct/rls/other/des/123085.htm
Week 9: November 10, 2014
The Worst Forms of Terrorism: Suicide Bombings, Cyber Terrorism, Weapons of
Mass Destruction
Required Reading:
1. Hoffman, Bruce. 2009. "The First Non-State use of a Chemical Weapon in
Warfare: The Tamil Tigers' Assault on East Kiran." Small Wars & Insurgencies
20 (3-4): 463-477.
2. Martin, G. (2010). Chapter 8, “Suicidal Terrorism,” in Understanding
terrorism, 3e. Los Angeles: Sage. At:
http://www.drtomoconnor.com/3400/3400lect05.htm
3. Simon Finch, “Cyber-terrorism is real - ask Estonia,” in The Telegraph,
12:01AM BST 30 May 2007
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/3640255/Cyber
terrorism-is-real-ask-Estonia.html
4. James J.F. Forest, “Framework for Analyzing the Future Threat of WMD
Terrorism.” Journal of Strategic Security, 2012, Volume 5, Issue 4, pp. 51 - 68
Week 10: November 17, 2014
The War on Terror: Counterterrorism and Global Security Initiatives
Required Reading:
1. Martin, Essentials of Terrorism, pp. 207-261.
Week 11: November 24, 2014
Terrorism: Future Trends Test
Review
Required Reading:
1. Martin, Essentials of Terrorism, pp. 261-279.
Week 12: December 1, 2014
In-Class Test No readings for this week
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COURSE REQUIREMENT
Grades
Students will be evaluated by their presentations & the quality of their participation
as well as their written work.
Marking Scheme
A. Participation
B. One Presentation
C. Midterm Exam
D. Term Paper
E. In-Class Test
10% Ongoing
15% Ongoing
25%
25% November 17, 2014
25% - December 1, 2014
Description of Course Assignments
Participation
Attending all classes is a necessary condition of success in this course.
I take your physical presence in the class very seriously. Frequent late arrivals and
Early departures will negatively affect your grade, so would un-excused or habitual
absence. Students’ participation will be measured through in-class participation
and informed response to questions and readings. You are expected to be
present for every class session. If you know that you must miss a class, please let
me know that ahead of time by sending me an email.
Presentation
Each student will be required to make one class presentation during the
course either individually or within a group. Presentations will be assigned
in the first day of class. Presenters should distribute a one page summary to
the class. Your presentation must be no less than twenty or more than thirty
minutes and will be followed by class discussion. To generate discussion,
your presentation needs to be a critical and productive reading of the article.
Reading productively DOES NOT mean highlighting lots of sentences.
Reading productively means paying attention to the author’s argument and
evidences and raising questions about the main themes. Pay particular
attention to the introductory paragraphs, conclusions and the main thesis.
After reading any chapter or article, you should try to answer the following
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questions, and you should write down a few notes so that you can organize
your presentation in class.
a) what was this article/chapter about?
b) what were the author’s main thesis, argument, and/or conclusion?
c) what kinds of evidence did the author use to explain or support that thesis,
argument or conclusion?
d) does this article or chapter support or contradict others that you have read? (be
specific)
e) what questions or critiques would you raise after reading this?
You are required to provide me with a typed / written summary of your
presentation and a list of the names and email addresses of the people in your
group.
Midterm Exam
Short answers and a medium-size essay
Term Paper
Please note: A more detailed guideline for the assignment will be posted on
blackboard.
The purpose of this essay is to take 2 articles in similar areas and compare and
contrast them. Some useful areas for comparison include asking how the authors
have approached the subject, what conclusions they reach, what assumptions they
are making and if they have made a compelling case or not. No additional research
will be required, but students are expected to make themselves familiar with
subjects that the authors are referring to – for example if the author is discussing the
religious terrorism, students will be expected to be familiar with the relevant parts
of the document.
Articles that you may choose from will be available on the course website. Please
note you may consult with me in advance of writing the essay if you need help
ensuring that you are staying within the guidelines of the assignment.
ESSAY: GENERAL GUIDELINES
Use the following checklist to determine if your paper is correctly formatted and
meets the basic essay requirements. Any mistakes in formatting or failure to follow
the guidelines will result in deductions from your essay grade.
□
□
□
□
Paper Length 6-8 pages
Times New Roman 12pt font
Left Justified
Double Spaced
6
□ 1 inch page margins
□ Page numbers in bottom right hand corner
□ Use Footnotes (do not include footnotes in your word count)
□ Include a works cited/bibliography section
□ All formatting of foot notes and citations according to the Chicago Manual of
Style: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html
In-Class Test
Short answers and a medium-size
essay
ON GRADING POLICIES
In order to stay on track, students need to make sure that they submit their work on
time. Late Penalty for assignments handed in after the due date is 2% per day (including
weekends) of lateness.
Additional Resources:
Blogging and Tweeting on Terrorism:
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Blogs:
http://terrorism.about.com/od/issuestrends/tp/TerrorismBlogs.htm
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Dear Ms. Lobo,
Greetings and thank you for the welcome. I am very delighted to be part of the
School.
Attached, please find the signed form and a copy of a void check.
I look forward to meeting you at York.
Best Regards,
Alireza
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Top Tweeters:
http://hoosaid.com/terrorism/1/social-search-terrorism.html
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Websites
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Centre for Terrorism and Security Studies:
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http://www.uml.edu/Research/CTSS/default.aspx • Perspectives on Terrorism
(open access, online journal):
http://www.terrorismanalysts.com/pt/index.php/pot/index
Global Terrorism Database (GTD):
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http://www.start.umd.edu/research-projects/global-terrorism-database-gtd •
Institute for Transitional Democracy and International Security (ITDIS):
http://www.itdis.org/
Global Terrorism Database (START, University of Maryland)
Open-source database including information on terrorist events around the world
from 1970 through 2007 (with annual updates planned for the future).
BAAD Terrorist Group Lethality Dataset (Asal & Rethemeyer, 2008), at SUNY
Albany
Polity IV Project: Political Regime Characteristics and Transitions, 18002007
(Marshall & Jaggers, Center for Global Policy, George Mason University; Colorado
State University)
An annual, cross-national, time-series and polity-case formats coding democratic
and autocratic "patterns of authority" and regime changes in all independent
countries with total population greater than 500,000 in 2007 (162 countries in
2007). (SPSS and Excel data; PDF codebook)
Terrorist Organization Profiles (National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism
and Responses to Terrorism)
Background information on more than 850 organizations that have been known to
engage in terrorist activity around the world during the last four decades. Included
for each organization is information on bases of operations, organizational strength,
ideology, and goals.
The Political Terror Scale (Wood, Gibney, & Cornett, UNC-Asheville, UNC-Chapel
Hill)
A
yearly report measuring physical integrity rights violations world-wide;
measures levels of political violence and terror that a country experiences in a
particular year based on a 5-level "terror scale."
UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset (Department of Peace and Conflict Research,
Uppsala University; Centre for the Study of Civil War at the International Peace
Research Institute in Oslo
A
dataset primarily intended for academic use in statistical and macrolevel
research, and complements the annual compendium of ongoing armed conflicts
published in the Journal of Peace Research, as well as a forthcoming PCR online
database, which will be aimed at students, journalists, and policymakers and contain
qualitative overviews of recent conflicts worldwide.
Terrorism in Western Europe: Events Data (TWEED) (Jan Oskar Engene,
Department of Comparative Politics, University of Bergen)
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Contains information on events related to internal (domestic) terrorism in 18
countries in Western Europe. The time period covered is 1950 to 2004.
Protest, Rebellion, and the Onset of Civil Wars (Regan & Norton, Binghamton
University)
A
data set built from data from the Minorities at Risk project, used to test
hypotheses concerning greed, etc. in civil wars.
Cracks in the Foundation: Leadership Schisms in al-Qa'ida from 19892006
(Combating Terrorism Center at West Point) Documents declassified from the
Department of Defense's Harmony Database, along with analysis report analyzing
the history of al-Qa'ida's internal and long-running debates over the strategies and
larger goals of the jihadi movement. Many of these documents, captured in the
course of operations supporting the Global War on Terror, have never before been
available to the academic and policy community.
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Academic Honesty:
http://www.yorku.ca/secretariat/policies/document.php?document=69
2.1 Summary of Offences Against the Standards of Academic Honesty
The following summary of offences is not exhaustive, nor are the definitions
provided for each offence confined to the examples cited.
2.1.1 Cheating is the attempt to gain an improper advantage in an academic
evaluation. Forms of cheating include:
•Obtaining a copy of an examination before it is officially available or learning an
examination question before it is officially available;
•Copying another person’s answer to an examination question;
•Consulting an unauthorized source during an examination;
•Disruption of an academic evaluation by any means;
•Obtaining assistance by means of documentary, electronic or other aids which are not
approved by the instructor;
•Changing a score or a record of an examination result;
•Submitting the work one has done for one class or project to a second class, or as a
second project, without the prior informed consent of the relevant instructors;
•Submitting work prepared in collaboration with another or other member(s) of a
class when collaborative work on a project has not been authorized by the
instructor;
•Submitting work prepared in whole or in part by another person and representing
that work as one's own;
•Offering for sale essays or other assignments, in whole or in part, with the
expectation that these works will be submitted by a student for appraisal;
•Preparing work in whole or in part, with the expectation that this work will be
submitted by a student for appraisal.
2.1.2 Impersonation is to have someone impersonate one’s self in class, in a test,
examination or interview, or in connection with any other type of assignment or
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placement associated with a course or academic program. Both the impersonator
and the individual impersonated may be charged.
2.1.3 Plagiarism is the misappropriation of the work of another by representing
another person’s ideas, writing or other intellectual property as one’s own. This
includes the presentation of all or part of another person’s work as something one
has written, paraphrasing another’s writing without proper acknowledgement, or
representing another’s artistic or technical work or creation as one’s own. Any use
of the work of others, whether published, unpublished or posted electronically,
attributed or anonymous, must include proper acknowledgement.
2.1.4 Improper research practices. Academic research includes the collection,
analysis, interpretation and publication of information or data obtained in the
scientific laboratory or in the field. Forms of improper research practices include:
•Dishonest reporting of investigative results, either through fabrication or
falsification;
•Taking or using the research results of others without permission or due
acknowledgement
•Misrepresentation or selective reporting of research results or the methods used.
2.1.5 Dishonesty in publication. It is a violation of academic honesty to knowingly
publish information that will mislead or deceive readers. This includes the
falsification or fabrication of data or information, as well as the failure to give credit
to collaborators as joint authors or the listing as authors of others who have not
contributed to the work. Plagiarism is also considered a form of dishonesty in
publication.
2.1.6 Dissemination of information without permission. Information or experimental
data that was collected with a member of faculty or another student, and other
works that involved the participation of a faculty member or another student,
should not be submitted for publication or otherwise disseminated without their
permission.
2.1.7 Abuse of confidentiality. Taking or releasing the ideas or data of others that
were given with the expectation that they are confidential is inappropriate. This
includes the ideas or data obtained via the evaluation of confidential grant
proposals, award applications or manuscripts that will be or may have been
submitted for possible funding or publication. Unless one is authorized to do so, it is
improper to obtain a password assigned to another or to copy or modify a data file
or program belonging to someone else. Proper authorization means being granted
permission either by the owner or originator of that material, or by an appropriate
faculty member or administrator.
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2.1.8 Falsification or unauthorized modification of an academic document/record. It
is a breach of academic honesty to falsify, fabricate or in any way modify, either
through omission or commission, an application to the University or a program,
course student examination or test, transcript, grade, letter of recommendation or
related document, a degree, a physician’s letter/form or any other document used in
support of an academic application, record, petition/appeal or endeavor.
2.1.9 Obstruction of the academic activities of another. It is a violation of academic
honesty to interfere with the scholarly activities of another in order to harass or
gain unfair academic advantage. This includes interference or tampering with
experimental data, with a human or animal subject, with a written or other creation
(e.g., a painting, sculpture or film), with a chemical used for scientific study, or with
any other object of study.
2.1.10 Encouraging, enabling or causing others to do or attempt any of the above
with intent to mislead an instructor, academic unit, program, office or committee as
to a student's academic status, qualifications, actions or preparation, or knowingly
aiding or abetting anyone in a breach of academic honesty shall itself be considered
misconduct. Taking any action which can reasonably be interpreted as intending to
encourage or enable others to commit an offence of academic honesty.
RELEVANT UNIVERSITY REGULATIONS
Deferred Exams: Deferred standing may be granted to students who are unable to write
their final examination at the scheduled time or to submit their outstanding course work
on the last day of classes. In order to apply for deferred standing, students must complete
a Deferred Standing Agreement (DSA) form and submit their request no later than five (5)
business days from the date of the exam. The request must be properly submitted with
supporting documentation directly to the main office of the School of Administrative
Studies (282 Atkinson), NOT to the Course Director. These requests will be considered on
their merit. Students can check the status of their requests by logging in the link for Status
of Deferred Exams Request: http://www.yorku.ca/laps/sas/links.html
Students with approved DSA will be able to write their deferred examination during the
School's deferred examination period. No further extensions of deferred exams shall be
granted. The format and covered content of the deferred examination may be different
from that of the originally scheduled examination. The deferred exam may be closed book,
cumulative and comprehensive and may include all subjects/topics of the textbook
whether they have been covered in class or not. Any request for deferred standing on
medical grounds must include an Attending Physician's Statement form; a “Doctor’s Note”
will not be accepted.
DSA Form: http://www.registrar.yorku.ca/pdf/deferred_standing_agreement.pdf
Attending Physician's Statement form:
http://www.yorku.ca/laps/council/students/documents/APS.pdf
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The deferred exam period for the Fall 2014 term shall be held in the period of January
23, 24, 25, 2015.
Academic Honesty: The School of Administrative Studies considers breaches of the
Senate Policy on Academic Honesty to be serious matters. The Policy on Academic
Honesty is an affirmation and clarification for members of the University of the general
obligation to maintain the highest standards of academic honesty. As a clear sense of
academic honesty and responsibility is fundamental to good scholarship, the policy
recognizes the general responsibility of all faculty members to foster acceptable
standards of academic conduct and of the student to be mindful of and abide by such
standards. Suspected breaches of academic honesty will be investigated and charges shall
be laid if reasonable and probable grounds exist. Students should review the York
Academic Honesty policy for themselves at:
http://www.yorku.ca/secretariat/policies/document.php?document=69
Students might also wish to review the interactive on-line Tutorial for students on
academic integrity, at: http://www.yorku.ca/tutorial/academic_integrity/
Students must be aware of their rights and responsibilities, for more detail please visit:
http://www.yorku.ca/laps/students/rights.html
Grading Scheme and Feedback Policy: The grading scheme (i.e. kinds and weights of
assignments, essays, exams, etc.) shall be announced, and be available in writing, within
the first two weeks of class, and, under normal circumstances, graded feedback worth at
least 15% of the final grade for Fall, Winter or Summer Term, and 30% for ‘full year’
courses offered in the Fall/Winter Term be received by students in all courses prior to the
final withdrawal date from a course without receiving a grade, with the following
exceptions:
Note: Under unusual and/or unforeseeable circumstances which disrupt the academic
norm, instructors are expected to provide grading schemes and academic feedback in the
spirit of these regulations, as soon as possible. For more information on the Grading
Scheme and Feedback Policy, please visit:
http://www.yorku.ca/secretariat/policies/document.php?document=86
In-Class Tests and Exams - the 20% Rule: For all Undergraduate courses, except those
which regularly meet on Friday evening, on a weekend or are on-line, tests or exams
worth more than 20% will not be held in the two weeks prior to the beginning of the
official examination period. For further information on the 20% Rule, please visit:
http://www.yorku.ca/secretariat/policies/document.php?document=141
For further information on examination scheduling please refer to the following:
http://www.registrar.yorku.ca/enrol/dates/index.htm
Reappraisals: Students may, with sufficient academic grounds, request that a final grade
in a course be reappraised (which may mean the review of specific pieces of tangible
work). Non-academic grounds are not relevant for grade reappraisals; in such cases,
students are advised to petition to their home Faculty. Students are normally expected to
first contact the course director to discuss the grade received and to request that their
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tangible work be reviewed. Tangible work may include written, graphic, digitized,
modeled, video recording or audio recording formats, but not oral work. Students need to
be aware that a request for a grade reappraisal may result in the original grade being
raised, lowered or confirmed. For reappraisal procedures and information, please visit the
Office of the Registrar site at:
http://www.registrar.yorku.ca/grades/reappraisal/index.htm
Accommodation Procedures: LA&PS students who have experienced a misfortune or
who are too ill to attend the final examination in an ADMS course should not attempt to do
so; they must pursue deferred standing. Other students should contact their home Faculty
for information. For further information, please visit:
http://www.registrar.yorku.ca/exams/deferred/index.htm
Religious Accommodation: York University is committed to respecting the religious
beliefs and practices of all members of the community, and making accommodations for
observances of special significance to adherents. For more information on religious
accommodation, please visit:
https://w2prod.sis.yorku.ca/Apps/WebObjects/cdm.woa/wa/regobs
Academic Accommodation for Students with Disabilities: The nature and extent of
accommodations shall be consistent with and supportive of the integrity of the curriculum
and of the academic standards of programs or courses. Provided that students have given
sufficient notice about their accommodation needs, instructors shall take reasonable steps
to accommodate these needs in a manner consistent with the guidelines established
hereunder. For more information please visit the Disabilities Services website at
http://www.yorku.ca/dshub/
York’s disabilities offices and the Registrar’s Office work in partnership to support
alternate exam and test accommodation services for students with disabilities at the Keele
campus. For more information on alternate exams and tests please visit
http://www.yorku.ca/altexams/
Please alert the Course Director as soon as possible should you require special
accommodation.
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