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Nuclear Charge
Electron Shielding
Atomic Size
1st Ionization Energy
Electronegativity
Reactivity
Q1Q2
FK 2
r
Opposites Attract
Like Charges Repel
More Charge the greater the force.
The more distance the weaker the force
Nuclear Charge Increases
Nuclear Charge Increases
Total electric charge
in a nucleus. It is
equal to the number
of protons.
The Nucleus is what
attracts electrons
and keeps them in
the atom.
The more protons
the stronger the
nucleus can pull.
1
H
Hydrogen
1
3
Li
Lithium
7
11
Na
Sodium
23
1
H
Hydrogen
1
3
Li
Lithium
7
11
Na
Sodium
23
1
H
Hydrogen
1
3
Li
Lithium
7
11
Na
Sodium
23
1
H
Hydrogen
1
3
Li
Lithium
7
11
Na
Sodium
23
1
H
Hydrogen
1
3
Li
Lithium
7
11
Na
Sodium
23
As you go down a group
or column in the periodic
table the number of
energy levels increases.
1
H
Hydrogen
1
3
Li
Lithium
7
11
Na
Sodium
23
As you go down a group
or column in the periodic
table the number of
energy levels increases.
3
4
5
Li
Be
B
Lithium
7
Beryllium
23
Boron
1
3
4
5
Li
Be
B
Lithium
7
Beryllium
23
Boron
1
3
4
5
Li
Be
B
Lithium
7
Beryllium
23
Boron
1
3
4
5
Li
Be
B
Lithium
7
Beryllium
23
Boron
1
As you go across a period the number
of energy levels remains constant.
3
4
5
Li
Be
B
Lithium
7
Beryllium
9
Boron
11
- -- - +11
Electrons in an atom
can shield each other
from the pull of the
nucleus.
As you go down a
group electron
shielding increases.
As you go across a
period electron
shielding is constant.
Electron Shielding Increases
Nuclear Charge Increases
Electron Shielding Remains Constant
Nuclear Charge Increases