1. Is now _______________ US History Gilded Age Where are we in 1877? America… 4. Is an emerging _____________________ power 2. Has expanded out __________. 5. Continues to welcome immigrants in _______________ 3. Is still an _______________ society. 6. May not be what it seems Gilded Age (1877 – 1900) or so __________________ referred to this time pd. as the Gilded Age. What does it mean to be gilded? It is a thin layer of ________________ over a ___________________ metal. It was not a ________________ picture of America. Politics of Business More and more Americans became ____________________ during this time. How? 1. One could _________________ great fortunes. 2. One could _________________ great fortunes. The number of wealthy climbed in America, but the number of ________________ climbed higher. Too many people on_________________ rung. Laissez-faire Policies In the late 1800’s, most ____________ policies helped business grow. Why? 1. Strong __________________. 2. More people _____________________. Gov’t aided business by ____________________ of business. _______________________ meant that gov’t would leave business to businesses. Politics of Business (part 2) Railroads benefited from __________ loans and __________________. They also supported _______________ leaders. Relationship between the two may have been a ______________ of _________________. The ______________________ was used locally and on federal level. Elected officials repaid _________________________. Republicans Competing Parties Democrats 1. Mainly in _____ and _________ 1. ______________ backed money 2. Supported ____________ tariffs 2. ______________tariffs 3. Wanted __________ for Union soldiers. 3. ______________ farm prices 4. Gov’t _________ to RR 4. ______________ gov’t aid to business 5. ______________ on immigration 5. ______________ blue laws 6. Enforcement of ________________ US History Gilded Age Reforms Republicans “waved the _____________________” for years to get elected. Then, ___________________ civil service jobs to friends (as did Dems). Rutherford B. _____________________ broke the tradition and offended his party. Strengthened the country, but ________________ the Republicans. Election of 1880 Republicans were split, Party ______________, __________________________ – reform spoils system, ______________________– Keep the same (spoils). ____________________ – halfbreed won the nomination and election, was ____________________ in 1881. _________________ became Pres. and ended spoils Pendleton Civil Service Act At the pressing of Arthur, __________________ passed this act. Civil Service jobs were to be awarded on ______________, not party affiliation. This effectively ended the spoils system started under _____________. Cleveland Takes Office Dem. Pres. Cleveland took office in ________________. To regulate unfair business practices, Congress created the ___________________. It failed to have ___________________ to force RR to comply to the laws. The __________________ was floundering. Harrison Wins in 1888 ___________________ was defeated by Harrison. He presided over the first ____________________ Congress. Surpluses turned into ___________________. Harrison pleased his Republican friends by raising _______________. How do high tariffs help a hurting economy? Coxey’s Army ___________________ won again in 1892. _____________________ was a problem and people marched on Washington. Led by Jacob Coxey, they were arrested for ____________________________________. Harrison’s Presidency Grover Cleveland’s presidency came to a halt in the election of ______________. Benjamin _______________ took the oath in 1889 amid difficult political times. The Federal __________________ had too large a surplus and Harrison and ____________________ meant to do away with it. Draining the Treasury ____________________________ (1890) – Pay more vets and pay them more = more votes for Rep. Sherman ___________________________ (1890) – Gov’t to buy more silver and mint silver $. In return for SSPA, wealthy_____________________ secured very high ___________________ tariffs. _________________ got what they wanted and so did _________________________. Populist Movement Election of 1892 – ____________________ for Democrats, ____________________ for Republicans & James Weaver. Populist platform called for gov’t control of _________, _______________________, telegraph; shorter work _______________, one term limit for Pres., and __________________ restrictions. ___________________ won… again. US History Gilded Age Cleveland’s Calamity As soon as Cleveland took office, the U.S. entered the worst __________________ of the 19th C _________________ money, a drained treasury, declining _____________, and foreign notes spelled doom. Cleveland repealed the “__________________” and alienated his party. ___________________ stepped in to help raise gold for the government. Labor Pains Hardest hit in the depression were small __________________ and the _________________ worker. The gov’t was not in the business of ____________________ in people’s lives – good or bad. Labor strikes were put down by ________________ troops. Strikers and their ___________________ were tried and imprisoned. Election of 1896 Republican candidate – _____________________, Democratic/Populist – ________________________ McKinley was “propped up” by big __________________. Bryan supported “__________________” ,the agrarian masses as well as the factory worker. In the end, McKinley won. The ____________ & S. for Bryan, the rest for President. McKinley’s Presidency Once in office, the _________________ ended and good times were here again. _______________________ hailed themselves as the reason for prosperity. __________________ were raised once more to try and raise revenue. The “free silver” issue died out as did the _________________ Movement.