AP Chapters 1- 4 Review
Chapter One:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
1) Which of the following is the best definition of rhetoric?
The use of devices in order to make a persuasive argument
A way to compare and contrast the differences between two things
A type of text that is commonly used in books
Something used in Ancient Greece that died out throughout the years
A common fallacy used upon modern writers today
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
2) A common purpose of Lou Gehrig’s Speech was to
Thank his team and fans and show optimism throughout his illness
Show off how he was the best baseball player of all time
Gain sympathy from the fans so that he could have all of the attention
Make people cry
Add dramatic effect to the baseball game in order to teach a lesson
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
3) The Rhetorical Triangle is, by definition, made up of
Occasion, Context, Purpose
Tone, Purpose, Speaker
Audience, Purpose, Speaker
Occasion, Speaker, Audience
Speaker, Audience, Subject
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
4) Pathos is
An appeal to logic
An appeal to authority
An appeal to emotion
A humorous effect
Propagandistic by definition
A.
B.
C.
5) A propagandistic and polemic argument occurs if you rely too heavily on
Ethos
Logos
Pathos
6) Examples of ways to appeal to pathos are through
I. Use of jargon
II. A clear and effective writing order
III. Humor
IV. A memorable title
V. Images meant for shock value
A.
I, II, V
B.
I, II
C.
II, IV, V
D.
III, IV
E.
III, V
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
7) Humor establishes pathos by
Helping people open up to a topic and not jump on the defensive
Creating a common ground for the speaker and the audience
Encouraging the audience to trust the speaker
This is incorrect, humor establishes ethos
This is incorrect, humor only takes from rhetorical appeals
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
8) Arguments using more than one rhetorical appeal are generally
Bad and should not be done
Generally lead to a disconnect between the speaker and the audience
Weaker than simply an appeal to ethos
Weaker than an appeal to only logos, but stronger than an appeal to only pathos
Stronger than one appeal on their own
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
9) A word’s connotation is
It’s literal definition
The feeling or idea evoked by it
Exactly the same as its denotation
Not a good reason to use it in a piece
Completely irrelevant when choosing a word for a piece
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
10) When companies use celebrities to endorse their products this is an example of an appeal to:
Logos
Ethos
Pathos
Conceding
Refuting
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
11) Conceding is
Denying the validity of an argument
Appealing to emotion
Acknowledging opposing views to form a counterargument
Making personal connections with your audience
Appealing to humor
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
12) SOAPS is a mnemonic device. What does it stand for?
Syntax, Occasion, Audience, Position, Speaker
Subject, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, Speaker
Syntax, Opinion, Audience, Purpose, Speaker
Speaker, Opinion, Anecdotes, Point, Sources
Sources, Occasion, Analogy, Point, Syntax
Chapter Two:
13) Diction can be defined as…
a. The words an author chooses to use
b. The way the author arranges words in sentences/paragraphs
c. How many words an author uses
14) Syntax can be defined as…
a. The words an author chooses to use
b. The way the author arranges words in sentences/paragraphs
c. How many words an author uses
15) The following is an example of what type of sentence? “Let both sides explore what problems unite us
instead of belaboring those problems.”
a. Cumulative
b. Imperative
c. Hortative
d. Periodic
16) When using a graphic organizer, what are the recommended columns to use?
a. Quotations, summary, rhetorical device, and effect
b. Quote, commentary, explanation, interpretation
c. Quote, summary
17) When preparing to write a thesis for a close analysis essay, which is the recommended order of steps to
take?
a. Read, reread, ask questions, annotate/organizer, write thesis
b. Read, annotate, write thesis
c. Read, ask questions, write thesis
d. Ask questions, read, reread, annotate/organizer, write thesis
Chapter Three:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
18) What is a Rogerian argument?
An argument over something trivial
Two people getting into a physical fight over a verbal argument
An argument that is civil and establishes common ground
An argument where both sides support their claims with statistics
Another name for a Socratic seminar
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
19) What is one essential part of any claim?
It is arguable
It fits with what your audience believes already
It challenges social norms
It is easy to understand
It can’t be interpreted in different ways
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
20) Which of these are NOT a claim of fact
Population in third world countries has decreased dramatically in the last year
Mr. White has no hair
The government of Zimbabwe is unstable
Mr White’s AP Lang class is extremely different from Honors English 10
Students undergo major personality changes between 10th and 11th grade
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
21) What does every claim of value need?
Nothing
Justification
Controversy
A thesis statement
Citations
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
22) Which of the essays we have read so far presents the most obvious claim of policy?
Star Wars by Roger Ebert
The Santa Ana Winds by Joan Didion
This is Water by David Foster Wallace
The C Word in Hallways by Anna Quindlen
We haven’t read any essays with claims of policy
23) Which of these is an open thesis statement?
A.
Chromebooks should be used in schools because they are useful, fast, and able to be monitored.
B.
Even though Chromebooks are fast, they should not be used in classrooms because of their shape and
smaller keyboard.
C.
Chromebooks should be used because of all the ways that they are superior to Lenovo laptops.
D.
There is no use for Chromebooks in classrooms, since Chromebooks are too slow to access some website
and use a different operating system than most students are used to.
E.
Lenovo laptops run out of battery quickly, are very slow, and tend to crash, and therefore they should not
be used in classrooms.
24) How does a closed thesis statement differ from an open thesis statement?
A.
Closed thesis statements are always more concise
B.
Closed thesis statements are only used by students in high school, while college requires the use of open
thesis statements
C.
Open thesis statements are only used when the reader knows the subject well, while closed thesis
statements can be used for any type of essay
D.
Closed thesis statements list all the topics that will be presented in the essay, but open thesis statements do
not
E.
Open thesis statements are considered useful only for ametuer writers, but closed thesis statements are a
respectable form of thesis statement
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
25) When is a counterargument thesis statement the most useful kind of thesis?
When you have a lot of points to present
When your topic is controversial
When the reader does not have any knowledge of your topic
When you don’t have any real evidence to support your argument, but you have to argue it anyway
It is never the best option for a thesis statement
26) First hand evidence consists of:
i. Quantitative evidence
ii. Personal experience
iii. Current events
iv. Historical information
v. Anecdotes
vi. Expert opinions
A) ii, iii, and v
B) i, iv, and vi
C) i, iii, and v
D) ii, iv, and vi
E) All of the above
27) Second hand evidence consists of:
i. Quantitative evidence
ii. Personal experience
iii. Current events
iv. Historical information
v. Anecdotes
vi. Expert opinions
A)
i, iii, and v
B)
i, iv, and vi
C)
ii, iv, and vi
D)
ii, iii, and v
E)
All of the above
a.
b.
c.
d.
28) All of the following are fallacies of relevance
except:
Red herring
Ad hominem
Faulty analogy
Straw man
a.
b.
c.
d.
29) Which of the following is a fallacy of
accuracy?
Faulty analogy
Circular reasoning
Hasty generalization
False dilemma
a.
b.
c.
d.
30) You should be wary of which fallacy when
writing about historical evidence?
False dilemma
Red herring
Post hoc ergo propter hoc
Circular reasoning
31) Politicians most often make which fallacies?
i. Red herring
ii. Ad hominem
iii. Post hoc ergo propter hoc
a) A and B
b) A and C
c) B and C
d) All of the above
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
case
32) Classical oration is
a three part structure to organize your argument
argument illustrated through specific cases to draw a conclusion/generalization
a five part structure to organize your argument
structured with a syllogism
argument illustrated through making a conclusion based on a universal truth and applying to to a specific
33) In classical oration, the confirmation is
a. when you revisit your evidence in your conclusion to confirm the reader’s understanding of your
argument
b. the body of your argument
c. background information for the reader before you present your evidence
d. usually the shortest part of your writing
e. known to strongly appeal to pathos and ethos
34) Which of the following parts of classical oration appeal to logos?
a. introduction, confirmation, and conclusion
b. only confirmation
c. narration and refutation
d. all five parts
e. narration, confirmation, and refutation
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
35) An essay that is developed entirely by reasons/examples one after another and builds to conclude with the
main argument is known as:
an inductive essay
a deductive essay
a Toulmin essay
a refutation essay
a synthesis essay
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
36) An essay that is structured as a syllogism and major and minor premises is known as
an inductive essay
a deductive essay
a narrative essay
a synthesis essay
a logical fallacy essay
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
37) The conclusion to the inductive essay structure is also known as
finale
major premise
minor premise
Generalization
ergo hoc post propter hoc
N.D. failed to provide any questions, but we’re not naming names or anything. That would be wrong. His group,
however, made sure to rat him out.
Chapter Four:
Using Sources to Appeal to an Audience
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
38) If your audience is the general public, you should:
Use formal citations
Use no citations
Use formal citations and embed a Work Cited
Use a bibliography
None of the above
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
39) What is a synthesis?
Analyzing and connecting a variety of perspectives to develop your own argument
Analyzing a multitude of sources to formulate a larger compilation of viewpoints
Creating an explanation of the authors’ viewpoints by synthesizing many sources on the topic
Summarizing sources from a variety of perspectives
Boiling many sources down to one overarching main argument
40) What is the next step after reading each source when writing a synthesis essay?
A.
Remove the sources that disagree with your position
B.
Count how many sources are on each side of the issue and use the side with the most sources supporting it
to form your opinion
C.
Engage in a process of selection where you explore each source individually, and then make connections
D.
Discuss what makes each source unique with a partner or group
E.
Engage in a process of synthesis where you delve into the overarching themes surrounding all of the
sources to find a main, cohesive viewpoint
A.
B.
C.
41) Aim for a compelling argument that leaves the reader...
Thinking
Questioning
Considering
D.
E.
Reconsidering
All of the above
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
42) Once you begin to formulate your position you should:
Begin to create a thesis or claim
Ignore the complexity of the issue
Don’t support your position
Support your position by stating a pro-con view on the issue
None of the above
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
43) When using sources to strengthen your argument, you should:
Start the sentence with a quote
Don’t use a quote
Use a quote that refutes your argument
Use FESQUADD
None of the above
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
44) When integrating quotes into your writing, you should:
Make the sentence easy for the audience to understand what you're saying
Use quotation marks
Make the quote flow well with the sentence
Make the sentence syntactically fluent and grammatically correct
All of the above
45) How do you give credit for someone else’s ideas?
A.
Put the title of the work in parentheses at the end of the sentence
B.
Give a short biography of the author’s life, passions, and accomplishments in your introduction
C.
Avoid using citations altogether by paraphrasing the author’s ideas instead of quoting
D.
By mentioning the author and the title of the work, or using parentheses after to cite the source
E.
Guide the quote or paraphrase into lining up with the bibliography using MLA documentation, if possible