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Mr. Tucker
UW College Writing, Period 5
9 December 2013
Annotated Bibliography
“Cuban Missile Crisis” History. History.com, n.d. Web. 10 April 2013.
The missiles were spotted accidently by an American U 2 spy plane that was passing
over Cuba on October 14, 1962. The Soviets reasoning behind sending the missiles to
Cuba was that they could increase their nation’s nuclear strike capability. But also with
the hopes to deter any further U.S. aggression. Kennedy and ExCom had to decide how
to take care of the potential threat to the U.S. among the options were a bombing
attack on the missile sites and a full-scale invasion of Cuba. In the end it was decided
that there would be a blockade put around Cuba. “On October 26, Khrushchev sent a
message to Kennedy in which he offered to remove the Cuban missiles in exchange for a
promise by U.S. leaders not to invade Cuba.”
“Cuban Missile Crisis” United States History. u-s-history.com, n.d. Web. 20 April 2013.
When Kennedy was elected he had stated that America lagged behind the Soviet Union
in nuclear weapons, although this was not true due to the nuclear weapons in Turkey
that would be able to strike anywhere in the Soviet Union. Khrushchev was concerned
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that by the U.S. having this advantage might tempt them to launch a first strike. In
Kennedy’s meeting with Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko it was said that the Soviet
Union was not doing anything in Cuba except assisting in that country’s defense. While
the government accessed the threat it was completely unknown to the public until
October 22nd. In his speech he explained the threat and the blockade that would go up
around Cuba. The blockade was officially withdrawn on November 20th when the “Soviet
Union began the process of dismantling the bombers and shipping them back.”
“Elvis Presley” Allmusic. Allmusic.com, n.d. Web. 8 April 2013.
Elvis Presley is seen as an important figure in American 20th century popular music. He is
widely known as the man responsible for popularizing rock and roll on an international
level. Presley was the first man to blend country and blues music into the style known as
rockabilly. He was also versatile with recordings of pop, gospel, and some bluegrass.
After Elvis was drafted in the Army his music started to go downhill causing him to stop
live performing and focus around acting although this did not work out as well either.
Presley finally returned to live performing in 1969. Sadly this did not last long as he was
found dead in Graceland on August 16, 1977.
“Elvis Presley. Biography” Bio True Story. Biography.com, n.d. Web. 8 April 2013.
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Growing up Elvis was raised to have a strong faith in God; he attended the Assembly of
God Church with his parents, where gospel music became an important influence for
him. Not only did Elvis contribute to the music world he was also an actor. Although
most of his films were hit or miss with both critics and audiences, they did bring in a
profit. Elvis became a father in 1968 to a daughter, Lisa Marie Though by the early 1970s
his marriage was falling apart. The couple divorced in 1973. On the morning of August
16, 1977 Presley died of heart failure.
“Elvis Presley” The Medical Bag. themedicalbag.com, n.d. Web. 8 April 2013.
Elvis Presley died on August 16, 1977 and was pronounced dead at 3:30 p.m. at Baptist
Memorial Hospital. It was not recorded that he had an addiction to codeine, Valium,
morphine, and Demerol. It was discovered that Presley’s doctor had prescribed him
more than 10,000 doses of narcotics, amphetamines, and sedatives, just in the first
eight months of 1977. A few decades later there was evidence to suggest that there was
no true data to support a death from drugs, but that he was killed by a violent heart
attack. Years later it was proven that he died from constipation, although most of the
public does not know this because it would have changed the way Elvis was
remembered.
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Johnston, David. “At Least 31 are Dead, Scores are Missing after Car Bomb Attack in Oklahoma
City Wrecks 9-Story Federal Office Building” On This Day. Nytimes.com, n.d. Web. 10
April 2013.
On April 19th the hunt was on for the person or persons behind the Oklahoma City
Bombing. The theory was that the bombing was a terrorist attack against the
Government. Of the 550 people who worked in the building, 300 were unaccounted for.
At the time the search started the investigators did not know whether the bombers
were domestic or international terrorists. It was very unclear as to whether or not the
Government had received any intelligence indicating that any group had been planning
an attack. There had been no threats before the Oklahoma City blast and no credible
claims of responsibility afterward. Although the officials had no true leads on who
exactly performed the bombing there were numerous witnesses among occupants of
the building and the site could yield a wealth of clues about the chemical composition of
the bomb and the identity of the vehicle that presumably carried it.
The Learning Network. “April 19, 1995. Timothy McVeigh Bombs Oklahoma City Building” The
Learning Network. Nytimes.com, 19 April 2012. Web. 10 April 2013.
Originally the suspected that the bombers of the Oklahoma City bombing were Islamic
militants who carried out a similar attack on the World Trade Center in 1993. Instead
the bomber was found out to be Timothy McVeigh with his accomplice Terry Nichols
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and Michael Fortier. They had decided to target the Oklahoma Federal building because
if was home to multiple federal agencies, including the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and
Firearms, which was involved in Waco. McVeigh had tried to present his actions a
“necessity defense” in which he argued that the bombing was necessary to deter the
federal government from using force against groups like those in Texas and Idaho.
Despite his claims McVeigh was found guilty of murder and conspiracy and was
sentenced to death. He was executed on June 11, 2001.
Thomas, Jo. “Two Suspects in Oklahoma City Bombing Seek Separate Trials” U.S. Nytimes.com,
8 September 1996. Web. 10 April 2013.
Timothy J. McVeigh and Terry L. Nichols, the two men accused of being behind the
Oklahoma City Bombing asked Judge Richard P. Matsch for separate trials as they felt
that a jury would not be able to deliver a fair verdict. Originally the Government said it
would seek the death penalty for both men, but as a way to decrease the severity the
lawyers argued against a joint penalty hearing saying it would prevent a jury from
considering each man’s sentences individually, as the law requires. In response Judge
Matsch said that he would receive the Government’s response to the motion to sever in
the Oklahoma City case on one day and will hear arguments on another.
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“U.S. Imposes Arms Blockade on Cuba on Finding Offensive Missile Sites; Kennedy Ready for
Soviet Showdown” The New York Times. Nytimes.com, 23 October 1962. Web. 8 April
2013.
On October 22nd, President Kennedy set forth a naval and air “quarantine” that night
because of the offensive military equipment found on Cuba. In an 18-minute radio and
television broadcast the President made it clear the America was to on guard against
Cuba. “Let no one doubt that this is a difficult and dangerous effort on which we have
set out,” the President said. Kennedy went on to explain how although what America
was engaging in was ultimately dangerous it was absolutely needed to defend the peace
and freedom of the Americas. There was a direct appeal by the President to Premier
Krushchev to abandon the Communist “course of world domination.” With a hundred
percent support behind congress the blockade around Cuba was set forth.
“World War 2: Food and Shopping” BBC. Bbc.com, n.d. Web. 8 April 2013.
During World War II, there were no supermarkets. People would have to go to different, specific
shops to find what they wanted to buy. Rationing began in 1940, as a way to support the “total
war” aspect of the time period. Bacon, sugar, tea, butter, and meat were among the first foods
to be rationed. Paper, petrol, soap, and washing powder were also rationed. Clothes were
rationed as well, so clothing factories could switch to war work. Many families turned to
growing their vegetables at home. Children became farm hands digging, planting, and weeding
the gardens. Despite the rationing there were plenty of potatoes and carrots, because of this
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there were many advertisements for new ways to cook them as a way to encourage people to
eat more of them.
“World War II Rationing on the U.S. Homefront” Ames Historical Society. Ameshistorysociety.org, n.d.
Web. 26 March 2013.
Rationing was enforced on sugar, butter, meat, and gas among other items. The government
introduced rationing because certain things were in short supply during the war and this was the
only way to make sure everyone got their fair share. When America entered the Second World
War after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor the economy turned toward war production as
consumer goods took a back seat to military production. Ration books and tokens were issued
to each American family, dictating how much gas, tires, sugar, meat, silk, shoes, nylon, and other
everyday goods. Rationing was not just limited to things to buy it also included how much one
would be able to drive their vehicles. Citizens were asked to drive under 35 miles an hour, and
driving clubs or carpools were encouraged.
“World War II Rationing” United States History. U-s-history.com, n.d. Web. 26 March 2013.
The Food Rationing Program was set in motion in the spring of 1942 as a way to avoid public
anger with shortages and to not allow only the wealthy to purchase commodities. Not a single
person was unaffected by the war meaning that there were sacrifices for all. Individual citizens
joined clubs which turned into organizations. By joining together the support for the war
increase and the effort to maintain supply levels for the troops abroad increased. Although
many had to sacrifice a lot there was little complaining because it was well known that there
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were men and women in uniform who were making the greater sacrifice? World War II came to
a close in 1945 but rationing did not end until 1946.