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Chapter 07
MCQs
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11/19/2012
RIDA REHMAN
UG3
DIAGNOSTICS OF INFECTIOUS DIEASES
1. Microbial activities may have many undesired results such as
a.
b.
c.
d.
fermentation
spoilage
respiration
lactic acid production
(a)
2. Removal of microorganisms can be done by
a.
b.
c.
d.
heat
water
both a and b
none of the above
(a)
3. Preserve foods by using salts and sugars works by
a.
b.
c.
d.
Raising pH.
Depleting nutrients.
Creating a hypertonic environment.
Lowering osmotic pressure.
(c)
4. Which of the following methods will NOT sterilize?
a.
b.
c.
d.
1001/4 C boiling water for 30 minutes
dry heat at 1711/4 C for 1 to 2 hours
aqueous glutaraldehyde for 10 hours
none of the above
(a)
5. Which of the following does NOT kill endospores?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Autoclave
Incineration
Pasteurization
None of the above
(c)
6. Which of the following is best to sterilize heat labile solutions?
a. Membrane filtration
b. Dry heat
c. Autoclave
d. None of the above
(a)
7. Which of the following is bactericidal?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ionizing radiation
Deep freezing
Freeze drying
None of the above
(a)
8. Which of the following substances can sterilize?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ethylene oxide
Alcohol
Silver
None of the above
(a)
9. Which of the following is not a disinfectant containing a heavy metal?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ethylene oxide
Alcohol
chlorine
None of the above
(c)
10. Which of the following is most effective for sterilizing mattresses and
plastic Petri plates?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ethylene oxide
Alcohol
chlorine
None of the above
(a)
11. Egyptians used ____________ to sterilize the infectious material
a.
b.
c.
d.
Water
Mud
Heat
Fire
(d)
12. Greeks burned __________ to fumigate the buildings
a.
b.
c.
d.
Sulfur
Chlorine
Manganese
Iodine
(a)
13. Mosaic law commanded the herbews to _____ the clothing suspected of
contaminated with ________________
a.
b.
c.
d.
Boil, clostridium tetani
Burn, leprosy bacterium
Distill, spirogyra
Wash, antameobahistolitica
(b)
14. Latin word sterilis means
a.
b.
c.
d.
Unable to produce offsprings
Barren
Unable to digest
Both a and b
(d)
15. ____________ is the process by which all living cells, viable spores,
viruses, and viroids are either destroyed or removed from an object or
habitat.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Sterilization
Optimization
Stabilization
Disinfection
(a)
16. A sterile object is
a. Totally free from oxygen
b. Totally free from infectious agents
c. Totally free from spores
d. None of the above
(b)
17. The chemical that causes sterilization is called
a.
b.
c.
d.
Sterilant
Sterling
Streisand
None of the above
(a)
18. The most common laboratory-acquired bacterial diseases is/are
a.
b.
c.
d.
Typhoid fever
Brucellosis
Both a and b
None of the above
(c)
19. Common laboratory infections by fungi is/are
a.
b.
c.
d.
Histoplasmosis
Meningitis
Both a and b
None of the above
(a)
20. Common laboratory infections by viruses is/are
a.
b.
c.
d.
Venezuelan equine encephalitis
Hepatitis b
Both a and b
None of the above
(c)
21. One of the most frequent causes of disease is
a.
b.
c.
d.
Inhalation of aerosol
Inhalation of infectious aerosol
Inhalation of oil in water droplets
None of the above
(b)
22. An aerosol is
a.
b.
c.
d.
Gaseous suspension of liquid
Gaseous suspension of solid particle
Both a and b
None of the above
(c)
23. Aerosol is generated by
a.
b.
c.
d.
Accidents
Laboratory operations
Spills
All of the above
(d)
24. ____________ is is the killing, inhibition, or removal of mi-croorganisms
that may cause disease.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Disinfection
Antisepsis
Germicide
None of the above
(a)
25. The primary goal of a disinfectant is to
a.
b.
c.
d.
Destroy a pathogen
Reduce its pathogenicity
Increase the immunogenicity
None of the above
(a)
26. Disinfectants are
a.
b.
c.
d.
Chemicals
Minerals
Vitamins
None of the above
(a)
27. In sanitization
a. microbial population is reduced
b. microbial population is increased
c. microbial population is remained unchanged
d. none of the above
(a)
28. The levels of microbial growth is/are
a.
b.
c.
d.
Reduced according to public health standards
Managed according to public health standards
Killed according to public health standards
None of tha above
(a)
29. Sanitization is used to
a.
b.
c.
d.
Clean utensils
Wash clothes
In detergents
All of the above
(a)
30. In Greek language antisepsis means
a.
b.
c.
d.
Against putrefaction
Along putrefaction
Except putrefaction
Both a and b
(a)
31. Antisepsis means
a.
b.
c.
d.
prevention of sepsis
prevention of infection
both a and b
none of the above
(c)
32. Antiseptics work by
a.
b.
c.
d.
killing pathogen
inhibiting pathogen growth
both a and b
none of the above
(c)
33. The toxicity level is
a.
b.
c.
d.
Greater in disinfectants than antiseptics
lesser in disinfectants than antiseptics
equal in disinfectants and antiseptics
none of the above
(a)
34. A germicide
a.
b.
c.
d.
only kills pathogen
only kills non pathogen
not necessarily kills endospores
all of the above
(d)
35. A disinfectant or antiseptic can be particularly effective against a specific
group, in which case it may be called a
a.
b.
c.
d.
bactericide, fungicide, algicide, or viricide
bactericide, fungicide or algicide,
only viricide
none of the above
(a)
36. Greek statikos means
a.
b.
c.
d.
causing to move
causin to stand
stopping
both b and c
(d)
37. A microbial population is _________________ when exposed to lethal
agent
a.
b.
c.
d.
killed instantly
protected
both a and b depending on the nature of agent
none of the above
(a)
38. ______________________ is generally exponential or logarithmic
a.
b.
c.
d.
population growth
population death
both a and b
none of the above
(c)
39. When the population has been greatly reduced, the rate of killing may
a. increase due to the survival of a more resistant strain of the
microorganism
b. slow due to the survival of a more resistant strain of the
microorganism
c. remain ineffected
d. none of the above
(b)
40. A bacterium is defined as dead if
a.
b.
c.
d.
it is not breathing
it is not reproducing
it is not growing
both b and c
(d)
41. The efficiency of antimicrobial agent is affected by
a.
b.
c.
d.
population size
temperature
local environment
all of the above
(d)
42. Antimicrobial agent is
a.
b.
c.
d.
that kills microorganisms
that nourishes microorganism
that inhibits their growth
both a and c
(d)
43. Because an equal fraction of a microbial population is killed during each
interval
a. a larger population requires a longer time to die than a smaller one
b. a larger population requires a shorter time to die than a smaller one
c. a larger population requires equal time to die than a smaller one
d. none of the above
(a)
44. Which is/are resistant to antimicrobial agents?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Endospores
Vegetative forms
Both a and b
None of the above
(a)
45. Tuberculosis is caused by
a.
b.
c.
d.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Antameobahistolitica
Neisseria gonorrhea
None of the above
(a)
46. The more concentrated a chemical agent or intense a physical agent
a.
b.
c.
d.
the more rapidly microorganisms are destroyed
the more lately microorganisms are destroyed
it does not affect
it depends upon what chemical is used
(a)
47. What is more effective for killing microorganisms?
a.
b.
c.
d.
70%
70%
95%
45%
(a)
ethanol
butanol
ethanol
propanol
48. The longer a population is exposed to a microbicidal agent
a.
b.
c.
d.
the more organisms are killed
the lesser organisms are killed
equal organisms are killed
none of the above
(a)
49. To achieve sterilization, an exposure duration sufficient to reduce the
probability of survival to _____________ be used
a.
b.
c.
d.
10-6 or less
10-5 or less
10-7 or less
None of the above
(a)
50. Increase temperature ____________________ chemical activity
a.
b.
c.
d.
Destroys
Enhances
Reduces
None of the above
(b)
51. A ____________ concentration of disinfectant can be used at
____________ temperature
a.
b.
c.
d.
Lower, higher
lower, lower
higher, higher
higher, lower
(a)
52. Heat kills more rapidly at
a.
b.
c.
d.
normal pH
high pH
acid pH
none of the above
(c)
53. Which is easier to pasteurize?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Higher pH milk
Acid foods
Beverages
Both b and c
(d)
54. ___________________ can protect microorganism against heating and
chemical
a.
b.
c.
d.
Nothing
Organic matter
Inorganic matter
Water
(b)
55. It is often hard to remove microbes on
a.
b.
c.
d.
Petri dish
Agar plate
Biofilm
Everything
(c)
56. It is necessary to ________ an object before sterilization
a.
b.
c.
d.
Clean
Wash
Infected
None of the above
(a)
57. When a city’s water supply has a high content of organic material
a.
b.
c.
d.
more chlorine must be added to disinfect it
less chlorine must be added to disinfect it
no chlorine must be added to disinfect it
none of the above
(a)
58. Antisepsis is
a.
b.
c.
d.
prevention of infection of living tissue by microorganisms
prevention of infection of dead tissue by microorganisms
both a and b
none of the above
(a)
Use this information to answer the following question(s).
Compound
Phenol
Phenol Coefficient
Salmonella typhi Staphylococcus aureus
1
1
Cetylpyridinium chloride 228
Hexachlorophene
5-15
Merthiolate
600
Ethanol
0.04
337
15-40
62.5
0.04
59. Which disinfectant was the most effective against Salmonella?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Phenol
Merthiolate
Hexachlorophene
Can’t tell
(b)
60. Which disinfectant would be most effective against Bacillus cereus?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Phenol
Merthiolate
Hexachlorophene
Can’t tell
(d)
61. Which disinfectant would be most effective against Staphylococcus found
in a blood spill?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Phenol
Merthiolate
Hexachlorophene
Can’t tell
(d)
62. If a canning procedure is not properly followed, which type of microbe is
most likely to grow in the canned food?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Microaerophilic
Acidophilic
Cannophilic
Obligate aerobe
(a)
63. Sweet and salty foods frequently don't require refrigeration to prevent
spoilage because they have
a.
b.
c.
d.
Low pH
Toxic alkaline chemicals
Both a and b
None of the above
(b)
64. If a 1:600 dilution of a test compound kills a standard population of
Staphylococcusaureus in 10 minutes but not 5 minutes while a 1:60 dilution
of phenol kills the population in the same time, what is the phenol coefficient
of the test compound?
a.
b.
c.
d.
1
5
10
50
(b)
65. The lowest temperature that kills all microorganisms in a liquid
suspension in 10 minutes is known as the
a.
b.
c.
d.
Thermal death point
D value
Decimal reduction time
F value
(b)
66. The time required to kill 90% of the microorganisms in a sample at a
specific temperature is the
a.
b.
c.
d.
Thermal death point
D value
Decimal reduction time
F value
(d)
67. The time in minutes at a specific temperature needed to kill a
population of cells is the
a. Thermal death point
b. D value
c. Decimal reduction time
d. F value
(d)
68. Which of the following is a limitation of the autoclave?
a.
b.
c.
d.
It takes too long to sterilize.
It lacks the ability to inactivate viruses.
It will destroy heat labile materials
It cannot be used with glassware.
(d)
69. A(n) ____ is used to prevent infection by killing or inhibiting pathogen
growth on animal tissues.
a.
b.
c.
d.
bacteriostatic agent
sterilant
sanitizer
antiseptic
(c)
70. If 90% of the population of bacteria that had 106 CFU/ml are killed there
will be ____ remaining CFU/ml.
a.
b.
c.
d.
107
105
115
112
(b)
71. Which of the following items could be sterilized by dry heat sterilization?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Intravenous (IV) solution
Plastic IV bags
Glass pipets
plastic petri dishes
(c)
72. Which of the following is best used for long term storage of microbial
samples when carried out properly?
a.
b.
c.
d.
storage
storage
storage
none of
(a)
in a refrigerator on an agar slant
in a freezer at ultra-low temperatures (- 701/4 C)
in a freezer at -101/4 C
the above
73. Which of the following disinfectants acts by disrupting microbial
membranes?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cationic detergents
Halogens
Heavy metals
Aldehydes
(b)
74. Which of the following was the first widely used antiseptic and
disinfectant?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ethylene oxide
Alcohol
chlorine
None of the above
(c)
75. Compare the entities I and II
I.the percentage of cells killed by a procedure with a D100 value of 8
minutes
II.the percentage of cells killed by a procedure with a D100 value of 5
minutes
a.
b.
c.
d.
I is
I is
I is
It’s
(a)
greater than II
less than II
equal to II
beyond my concerns
76. Compare the entities I and II
I. Ability of membrane filtration to sterilize a heat labile culture medium
II. Ability of autoclaving to sterilize a the same heat labile culture medium
a.
b.
c.
d.
I is
I is
I is
It’s
(a)
greater than II
less than II
equal to II
beyond my concerns
77. Compare the entities I and II
I. Ability of boiling a solution for 15 minutes to sterilize the solution
II. Ability of membrane filtration a solution for 15 minutes to sterilize the
same solution
a.
b.
c.
d.
I is
I is
I is
It’s
(b)
greater than II
less than II
equal to II
beyond my concerns
78. Compare the entities I and II
I. Time required to autoclave a liter of culture media that has been
dispensed 5 ml/tube
II.time required to autoclave a liter of culture media that is in a 2-liter
flask
a.
b.
c.
d.
I is
I is
I is
It’s
(c)
greater than II
less than II
equal to II
beyond my concerns
79. All of the following are sporicidal EXCEPT
a.
b.
c.
d.
Formaldehyde
Alcohol
Stabilized hydrogen peroxide
None of the above
(b)
80. Who is credited with developing a procedure to heat wine at
temperatures well below boiling to prevent spoilage of the wine?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Lister
Gram
Koch
Pasteur
(d)