Practice Quizzes for Honors Biology Unit 1
Chapter 1: The Study of Life
1. List the characteristics of life.
2. What is the “organization” of living things…start at the atom
3. Define/describe the following: emergent properties, homeostasis, adaptions, taxonomy,
biodiversity and extinction
4. What are the classification categories of living things, start at the most inclusive.
5. What is man’s classification?
6. Name and differentiate between: the three domains, the five kingdoms, inductive vs. deductive
reasoning
7. What are the steps of the scientific method?
8. Define/describe the following: control, quantitative data, theory, law
9. Differentiate between Experimental (Independent) and Responding (Dependent) variables.
Chapter 2: The Molecules of Cells
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What is: matter, its states, and the basic elements of life?
Describe the atomic structure (components, charges, locations, levels/valence electrons).
Why do atoms interact with other atoms?
Differentiate between: periods and groups (periodic table), ions and isotopes, ionic and covalent
bonding, polar and nonpolar covalent bonds, hydrophobic vs. hydrophilic molecules, and acids vs.
bases
How does hydrogen bonding affect the properties of water?
What are the properties of water and their biological benefits?
What is the role of buffers?
Describe and differentiate between: dehydration/condensation synthesis and hydrolysis,
saturated vs. unsaturated fats
What role do enzymes function in during reactions?
What are the monomers of: carbohydrates, lipid (fats), lipid (steroids), proteins and nucleic acids?
How are the following useful?: simple carbohydrates and complex carbohydrates (2 ways/2
example each)
What is a phospholipid?
Draw/label a typical amino acid.
Describe the four levels of protein shape.
What are nucleotides?
Differentiate between DNA and RNA
Describe the structure and role of ATP
Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function
1. What are the parts of the cell theory?
2. Why must cells be small?
3. Differentiate between: prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic cells, bacteria vs. archaea, nucleoid vs. nucleus
4. Describe and be able to recognize the following bacterial structures:
a. Plasma membrane
b. Cell Wall
c. Capsule
d. Flagella
e. Pilus
f. Fibriae
g. Nucleoid
h. Plasmid
i. Ribosomes
5. Identify the following cellular structures (and be able to find them on a diagram):
a. Site of protein synthesis
b. Processes, packages and distributes
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Where RNA (ribosomes) are made in bulk
Digestive enzymes, stomach
What all living cells have in common around the outside
Photosynthesis
Programed cell death
Large storage area in plant
Transports proteins, may have ribosomes on it
Cellular respiration
Contains pigments, green
Largest structures of the cytoskeleton
Smallest structures of cytoskeleton
Fluid of nucleus
Looks like churros, 9 +0 arrangement, not in plants
Decides what goes in an out of cells
Permeable to gases and water, structural, supportive, cellulose
Contains catalase to break down hydrogen peroxide
Forms transport vesicles to go to the golgi apparatus, stores, detoxifies, no ribosomes
Short numerous hair like projections
Longer, fewer, whip-like movement, sperm tails
Chapter 4: Membrane Structure and Function
1. Describe the components of a cell membrane (Fluid-Mosaic Model) and each of their specific
functions.
2. Differentiate between: integral vs. peripheral proteins, glycolipids vs. glycoproteins, heads vs. tails
of phospholipids, passive vs. active transport, diffusion vs. osmosis and solute vs. solvent
3. Differentiate between the roles of the following proteins and any related complications:
a. Channel proteins
b. Carrier proteins
c. Cell Recognition proteins
d. Receptor proteins
e. Enzymatic proteins
4. What items can pass through a phospholipid bilayer? Why?
5. What can impact the rate of diffusion?
6. Comparing solute and solvent concentrations: differentiate between hypertonic, hypotonic and
isotonic solutions.
7. What is osmotic pressure?
8. Define/describe the following: cytolysis, turgor pressure, crenation and plasmolysis
9. If you put a blood cell in a very salty solution describe the outcome using appropriate terms from
questions 6-7 above.
10. Using a carrier protein, differentiate between facilitated and active transport
11. Differentiate between endocytosis and exocytosis.
12. Describe the different types of endocytosis: phagocytosis, pinocytosis and receptor-mediated
endocytosis.