Day 12 Launching a New Nation
• Homework 74-79
George Washington
• First and Only
Unanimous President
• Judiciary Act of 1789state courts could appeal
to Federal courts,
• 3 cabinet positions
Secretary of State- Thomas
Jefferson
Treasury- Alexander
Hamilton
War- Henry Knox
Hamilton vs.Jefferson
• Central Government vs. State
Government
• Educated Elite vs. People in
Mass
• Commerce and Industry vs.
Farms
• Loose vs. Strict Construction
• Implied Power vs. Power
specifically granted
• National vs. State Bank
• 2 Party System (DemocraticRepublicans and Federalists)
Hamilton’s 5 Objectives
• Stabilize Economy and
establish credit
• Build and demonstrate
Federal Power
• Tie the interest of wealthy
to that of the
governments
• Commercial Expansion
overseas
• Anchor US Foreign policy
with a commercial and
diplomatic allegiance with
Great Britain
Challenges
• Protective Tariffs
• Whisky Rebellion- Pennsylvania
(taxes), army puts down rebellion
• French Revolution and war – split
on party lines.
• Washington remains neutral
• Treaty with Spain/ Thomas
Pinkney- Gain Florida Territory
• Native American Resistance in
Northwest
• (John) Jay’s Treaty- land west of
Appalachia gained but upset many
anti-British due to trade
concessions
John Adams
• Washington does not
seek 3rd term Criticizes
party system
• Adams defeats Jefferson
by close margin (Pres.
And vice pres)
• Sectionalism
• XYZ affair- US insulted by
bribe demand to see
higher official.
• Adams uses anger to
develop Navy
Thomas Paine to Washington in
final year of 2nd Term
“ As to you sir, treacherous in private
friendship…and a hypocrite in public life,
the world will be puzzled to decide,
whether you are an apostate or an
imposter; whether you have abandoned
good principles or whether you ever had
any?”
Apotheosis of Washington
Alien and Sedition
• Many DemocraticRepublicans were
Foreign Born (largest
group Irish and Many
French)
• Federalist pushed Alien
Act. Residency Changes
from 5-14 years.
President could deport or
jail any “undesirable”
• Sedition Act- imprison or
fine anyone who tried to
hinder the operation of
the government
Virginia and Kentucky
Resolutions
• Virginia attacked Alien
and Sedition acts
• Kentucky act asserted
principle of
nullification
1)
Summary Notes
Which Act of Congress created lower courts, reinforced federal laws
supremacy and provided for the number of justices on the supreme court?
2) What were the first three cabinet positions?
3) Between Jefferson and Hamilton- who?:
a)
Supported federal Banks
b)
Believed that educated elite and business should run government
c)
Proposed that the federal government pay the debt of the state
governments
4) Who approved the Bank of the United States?
5) Who supported a strong central government the Federalist or the
Democratic-Republicans? What did the other support?
6) What was the law allowed the president to jail “undesirables”?
7) What was the event that almost lead to war between France and US?
8) What two State resolution claimed that they could nullify any law that they
found to be unconstitutional?