THE BUILDING ENVELOPE: Lecture 3
Building Codes and Standards
MODEL BUILDING CODES
• Establish standard of practice
• Represent “minimum” standards
• Must be adopted by local authority to be
“legal”
MODEL BUILDING CODES
April 2000:
Uniform Building Code
Standard Building Code
BOCA/Basic Building Code
became
The International Building Code
INTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODE
• One national consensus model code
• Based on national consensus standard
(ASCE 7)
• Will become standard of practice in
foreseeable future as local jurisdictions
formally adopt the IBC
INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL CODE
• Replaces CABO “One- and Two-Family
Dwelling Code”
• Residential buildings where V > 110 mph
must be designed for loads in ASCE 7
• Requires that ~ one-half of new residential
buildings in U.S. be “engineered”
ASCE 7
• “Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and
Other Structures” (ASCE, 2002)
• National consensus standard
• Captures modern wind engineering
technology
• Addresses factors judged to affect
significantly the pressures that act on
buildings in windstorms
ASCE 7: FACTORS THAT AFFECT PRESSURE
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wind speed (V)
terrain (Kz)
topography (Kzt)
wind direction (Kd)
wind gusts (G)
building geometry (Cp)
relative importance of the building (I).
NATIONAL CONSENSUS STANDARDS
ASCE 7:
ASTM:
AISC/AISI:
ACI:
NFPA:
NCMA:
MBMA:
AAMA:
Minimum Design Loads
Wind Borne Debris
Steel Construction
Reinforced Concrete
Timber Construction
Concrete Masonry
Metal Buildings
Architectural Glazing
LOCAL BUILDING CODES
Formal enactment of laws or ordinances are
necessary for legal enforcement of
Local Building Codes
• State Building Codes
• County Building Codes
• Municipal Building Codes
• Insurance Building Codes
PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE
CODES
Performance Codes: Require the designer to
meet specific performance standards (e.g.,
a specific design wind speed)
Prescriptive Codes: Prescribe construction
details for the builder (i.e., if the builder
conforms the building is deemed to be in
compliance)
THE "EITHER/OR" OPTION
• The IRC and ASCE 7 offer the designer an
two options:
Design for (1) windborne debris (i.e.
window protection) or (2) for internal
pressure
• Many designers opt for Option 2
• Option 2 is often short sighted
BEYOND CODE MINIMUMS
• IBC/IRC and ASCE 7 establish minimum
requirements
• Designer has responsibility to assess special
project conditions that may warrant
attention beyond code minimums
• Special design requirements may be
established