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DUTCH FREEDOM
The Dutch succeeded in securing their independence from the Spanish in the late sixteenth
century. Not until 1648, however, after years of continual border skirmishes with the Spanish
were the northern Netherlands officially recognized as the United Provinces of the
Netherlands ( The Dutch Republic ).
DUTCH MONEY
Amsterdam had the highest per capita income in Europe. That city emerged as the financial
center of Europe, having founded the Bank of Amsterdam in 1609.
DUTCH GOVERNMENT
Due to this prosperity and the absence of an absolute ruler, political power increasingly
passed into the hands of an urban patrician class of merchants and manufacturers,
especially in cities such as Amsterdam, Haarlem, and Delft. That these bustling cities were
all located in Holland ( the largest of the seven United Provinces ) perhaps explains why the
name “Holland” is used informally to refer to the entire country.
DUTCH RELIGION
While Spain and the southern Netherlands were Catholic, the northern Netherlands were
predominantly Protestant. The prevailing Calvinism demanded a puritanical rejection of art
in churches, and thus artists produced relatively little religious art in the Dutch Republic at
this time (especially when compared to areas dominated by Catholicism in the wake of the
Counter- Reformation.)
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Plebian Portraits
Genre Paintings
0
Landscapes
Still Lifes
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Frans Hals
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Frans Hals, Banquet of the Officers of
the St George Militia Company, 1616.
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Frans Hals. Officers and Sergeants of the St Hadrian Civic Guard. c. 1633.
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Frans Hals. The Governors Of The Old Mena Almhouse At Haarlem, 1664.
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Frans Hals
Buffoon (Jester) Playing
A Lute
1623
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Frans Hals
The Laughing Cavalier
1624
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Frans Hals
The Laughing Child
1620-1625
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Frans Hals
The Jolly Toper
(or The Merry Drinker)
1628-1630
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Frans Hals
Lute Player With
Wine Glass
1626.
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Frans Hals
Portrait of Rene Descartres
c1649.
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Rembrandt van Rijn
Self-Portrait
1660
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Rembrandt van Rijn, Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Tulp, 1632.
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Rembrandt van Rijn, The Nightwatch, 1642.
Not your typical
group portrait…
The Militia Company of
Captain Frans Banning
Cocq is more commonly
known as Night Watch.
This common title is ,
however, as a misnomerNight Watch is not a
nocturnal scene.
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Rembrandt van Rijn, The Syndics of the Clothmaker's Guild (The
Staalmeesters) 1662.
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Judith Leyster
Self-Portrait
1630
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Judith Leyster
A Boy and a Girl with a
Cat and an Eel
c1635
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Judith Leyster
Man Offering A Woman
Money
1631
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Judith Leyster
Boy Playing a Flute
1630
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Jan Steen
The Feast of St. Nicholas
c. 1660-65
Oil on canvas.
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Jan Steen, The Bean Feast, 1668.
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Jan Vermeer
The LaceMaker
1665-1670
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Jan Vermeer
Allegory of the Art of
Painting
1670
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Jan Vermeer
The Letter
1630
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Jan Vermeer
The Music Lesson
1662-1665
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Jan Vermeer
Young Woman with
a Water Pitcher
c1665
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Jan Vermeer
The Guitar Player
1670
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Jan Vermeer
The Kitchenmaid
c1658
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Jan Vermeer
Girl With a Pearl Earring
1665
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Willem Claez Heda, Still Life with Oysters, c. 1640s
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Pieter Claesz, Still Life with a Skull and a Writing Quill, 1628.
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Willem Claez Heda, Still Life with Tobacco, Wine and Pocket Watch , 1637.
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Willem Claez Heda
Banquet Piece with
Mince Pie, 1635 .
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Jan van Goyen, View of Dordrecht from the Dordtse Kil, 1644.
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Salomon van Ruisdael, View of Deventer Seen from the North-West, 1657.
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Jan Vermeer, View of Delft, c1661.
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Jakob Ruisdael, Landscape With Church and Village, 1665-70.
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Jacob van Ruisdael, Windmill at Wijk-bij-Duurst-ede, c1665.