Revolutions 6/10/13
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• OBJECTIVE: Examine “The Long Chain”. MCSS WH5.3.5
• I. Administrative Stuff
-Attendance
• II. CONNECTIONS
-notes on episode#7 “The Long Chain”
Revolutions 6/11/13
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• OBJECTIVE: Examine Russian Expansion & Revolutions. MCSS
WH-5.3.5
• I. Journal#30pt.A
-Examine the picture on p.603
-Answer the caption question on p.603
• II. Journal#30pt.B
-notes on Russia during the 1800s
Russian Expansion
http://worldroots.com/brigitte/gifs/cath2russia.jpg
• For years Russian rulers
expanded their empires.
• Ivan IV opened Siberia to
traders & explorers which
eventually extended the empire
to the pacific.
• Peter the Great won the cold
water ports of modern day
Estonia & Latvia
• Catherine the Great won warm
water ports on the Black Sea &
lands in modern day Poland,
Lithuania, & Belarus.
The Russian Empire
http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/zencmed/targets/maps/mhi/0c8600de.gif
Revolt & Repression
• Serfs wanted freedom &
their own land to farm.
• A few nobles supported
enlightenment ideas
-life, liberty, property
-separation of powers
http://www.millenniumschools.co.uk/_user/3/8/J/6/H/ja_image1.JPG?1140607339
• Nobles didn’t agree on the
types of reforms to establish.
• As education spread, the
middle class demanded
reforms at a quicker pace
than the nobles did.
Decembrist Revolution - 1825
• Small group of army
offices tried to
overthrow the Czar &
establish a republic.
• Result: FAILURE!!
• Leaders killed or sent to
Siberia
http://cla.calpoly.edu/~mriedlsp/History111/Images/hambach1.jpg
Czar’s Reaction to Decembrists
• Czar imposed strict censorship & banned books from the
West.
• Used secret police to spy on students & teachers
• Enforced Russian nationalism & loyalty to the Russian
Orthodox Church as a way to united his vast multinational empire.
• Pogroms – organized acts of violence against Jews
• The gov’t blamed the Jews as the source of Russian
poverty
• The violence forced many Jews to leave Russia & go to
Germany.
Russia’s Real Economic Problem
• Russian political & economic system
slowed industrial growth in Russia
• Western European nations got stronger and
more powerful because factories had lots
of labor
• Russian factories didn’t have a lot of labor
because serfs couldn’t leave the land they
worked
Czar Alexander II
• In 1861, he freed the
the serfs, but made
them buy the land
they lived on at high
prices.
• Since most peasants
owed so much money
they lived in poverty.
http://studycircle.angeltowns.com/images/ruler-14.jpg
Effects of Industrialization
• In the late 1800s industry expanded & peasants
moved to cities where new factories were being
built.
• The middle class grew, so did education
• Better healthcare & more food caused the
population to soar.
• Life in the cities was bad.
-little pay
-long hours
-dangerous working conditions
Revolutionary Movements
• Decembrist Revolt – 1825
*Goal – set up a republic
• Mid –1860s
*Goal – establish socialism
• Who were the revolutionaries?
-Most came from the small, but growing
educated classes
What they did?
• Tried to get peasants to support their revolution.
When this failed, they turned to terrorism.
• They assassinated Czar Alexander the II.
•
http://www.columbia.edu/~rt184/alex.jpg
Czar Alexander III
• He succeeded his father
& returned to the
repressive actions his
father relaxed.
• Despite this crackdown,
by the time Czar Nicholas
II came to power a new
form of socialism, called
Marxism became popular
with the revolutionaries.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Alexander_III._
Czar_Of_Russia_Nadar.jpg/433px-Alexander_III._Czar_Of_Russia_Nadar.jpg
Revolutions 6/12/13
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• Final Exams: Hours 1,2,3
Revolutions 6/13/13
http://mrmilewski.com
• OBJECTIVE: FINAL EXAM
• I. Administrative Stuff
-attendance & distribution of test
• II. FINAL EXAM