Full of Energy
Vocabulary
•Chemical Energy
•Mechanical Energy
•Current
•Potential Energy
•Electrical Energy
•Voltage
•Energy
•Kinetic Energy
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What is ENERGY???
• Work is when an applied force cause
a change in motion, heat, or light in
another object
• A Bicyclist pedals of his bike and the
bike moves
• A magnet pulls a piece of medal
towards itself
• A log burns
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What is ENERGY???
• Energy is the ability to do work
• The bicyclist has energy which he uses
to propel his bike
• The magnet and piece of metal, when
held at a distance, the magnet has
energy to move the metal
• The log has energy so that when
burned it will emit heat and light
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What is ENERGY???
• There are two different forms of
energy
• Kinetic Energy
• Potential Energy
• There are many different types
•
•
•
•
Mechanical
Chemical
Electrical
Etc.
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Potential vs. Kinetic Energy
• The energy stored in an object is called
potential energy.
• The energy of motion is called kinetic energy.
• Both kinetic and potential energy are caused by
a force.
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Transformation From
Potential to Kinetic
•Potential energy can be transformed into kinetic energy.
•This is done by allowing an object or particle to move in the
direction of a force. This will decrease the potential energy and
increase the kinetic energy.
Examples of this can be found in different forms of energy,
•Mechanical energy
•Chemical energy
•Electrical energy
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Mechanical Energy
• Mechanical energy is based on the
position and movement of an object
• Mechanical energy can be created
by different forces: gravity, pressure,
humans, etc.
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Mechanical Potential Energy
Potential:
•A ball being held has potential energy.
•The amount of energy is related to the
height at which it is being held.
•The potential energy comes from gravity
pulling on the ball.
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Mechanical Kinetic Energy
Potential => Kinetic:
•When the ball is released it will begin to fall.
• This will decrease its distance from an origin
point such as the ground, therefore decreasing
its potential energy.
•The ball will move towards the ground at an
increasing speed, therefore increasing kinetic
energy.
Observation: The higher the ball Is held, the greater the potential
energy.
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Chemical Energy
• Chemical energy is based on the
bonds between atoms.
• Chemical energy is released when a
chemical reaction occurs; such as
burning or mixing chemicals.
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Chemical Potential Energy
Potential:
•A molecule (group of atoms bound together), such as
methane, has potential energy.
•The bonds between the atoms store the potential energy.
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Chemical Kinetic Energy
Potential => Kinetic:
•When the methane is ignited, the bonds of the atoms break.
• This releases kinetic energy such as heat and light.
Observation: In this transformation, new bonds are
created between the atoms. Therefore, potential energy
still exists, just in new molecules.
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Electrical Energy
• Electrical energy is based on the
position and movement of
electrons.
• Moving electrons is known as
current. This is related to kinetic
energy.
• The strength of forces acting on
stationary electrons is known as
voltage. This is related to
potential energy.
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Electrical Energy
• Electrons repel each other
• A buildup of electrons in one
place will create a force that
pushes the electrons away
• This force causes a voltage or
potential energy
• If the electrons are able to move,
the potential energy will cause a
current or kinetic energy in the
electrons
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Magnetic Energy
• Magnetic energy is based on the
attraction, or repulsion, of two
magnets
Or
• a magnet and a magnetically
susceptible object
• Iron, etc.
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Magnetic Energy
• Remember the suspended ball and
gravity
• In magnetism, potential energy can
be created by suspending objects
pulled on or pushed by a magnet
• When allowed to move freely, the
potential energy will transform into
kinetic energy
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Electrical and Magnetic
Relations
• Magnetic energy can be
transformed into electrical
energy
Electrical and Magnetic
Relations
Potential:
•When a magnet is moved near an open strand of wire,
potential energy is created on one end of the wire.
• Movement of electrons towards one end of the wire
creates an electrical force.
•This force is the source of the potential energy.
Voltage
(Volts)
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Electrical/Magnetic Kinetic
Energy
Potential => Kinetic:
•When the two ends of the wire are connected, the negative
particles are able to move towards the other end.
•The movement of these particles is kinetic energy.
Current
(Amps)
Electron
Flow
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Demonstration
• Electrical Generation
What Did We See?
1.
2.
List the various kinds of energy that were seen in
the experiment and where they were seen.
Can this form of energy be used on a large scale?
Could it power more then a light bulb?
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How do We Get Electricity at
Home?
1. Steam power – about 90%
2. Wind power – about 10%
3. Hydroelectric power – less than 1%
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Activity
• Electromagnetic Motor
What Did We See?
1.
List the various kinds of energy that were seen in
the experiment and where they were seen.
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