AP Biology Quiz
Name________________________________pd_____
Circulation, Gas Exchange, Digestion and Excretion
Multiple Choice
1. ______ Which of the following is in the correct order regarding blood flow from the heart
through the body?
a. Left ventricle to aorta
b. Arteries to venules
c. Pulmonary vein to right atrium
d. Lung to pulmonary artery
e. Vena cava to left atrium
2. ______ In countercurrent exchange,
a. The flow of fluids in opposite directions maintains a favorable diffusion gradient
along the length of an exchange surface
b. Oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide
c. Double circulation keeps oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate
d. Oxygen moves from a region of high partial pressure to one of low partial
pressure, but carbon dioxide moves in opposite direction.
e. The capillaries of the lung pick up more oxygen than do tissue capillaries
3. ______ Solutes can move back into the capillaries at the venous end of a capillary bed as
a result of
a. Active transport
b. A hydrostatic pressure (blood pressure) that is higher than the osmotic pressure
c. An osmotic pressure that is higher than the hydrostatic pressure (blood
pressure)
d. A partial pressure that is lower than that at the arteriole end
e. The squeezing of surrounding muscles on the interstitial fluid
4. ______ Which of the following is NOT a factor in the exchange of substances in the
capillary beds?
a. Endocytosis and exocytosis
b. Passive diffusion
c. Hydrostatic pressure
d. Flow through the clefts between endothelial cells
e. Transpiration
5. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
A heartbeat is initiated by the
SA node
AV node
Right atrium
Anterior and posterior vena cava
Left ventricle
6. ______
to?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The nurse tells you that your blood pressure is 112/70. What does the 70 refer
Your heart rate
The velocity of blood during diastole
The systolic pressure from ventricular contractions
The diastolic pressure from the recoil of the arteries
The venous pressure caused by the compression of the blood pressure cuff.
7. ______ As a general rule, blood leaving the right ventricle of a mammal’s heart will pass
through how many capillary beds before it returns to the right ventricle?
a. One only
b. Two only
c. Three only
d. One or two, depending on the circuit it takes
e. At least two, but most often three
8. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
In which would the blood pressure be the greatest?
Vena cava
Aorta
Capillaries
Venules
Arterioles
9. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
In which location would velocity of blood flow be the slowest?
Vena cava
Aorta
Capillaries
Venules
Arterioles
10. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Of the following structures, which has the thickest muscle layer?
Vena cava
Capillaries
Veins
Arterioles
Aorta
11. ______ Which of the following would normally be present in the blood plasma of a
mammal?
a. Red Blood Cells
b. Bicarbonate ions
c. Water
d. Oxygen
e. All of the above
Matching – Heart Diagram
12. ______ Right Ventricle
A
B
E
13. ______ Right Atrium
14. ______ Left Ventricle
F
15. ______ Left Atrium
16. ______ Aorta
17. ______ Vena Cava
C
G
18. ______ Pulmonary Artery
19. ______ Pulmonary Vein
D
B
H
A
For 20 – 24 use the following choices (may be used more than once)
A. Stomach
B. Esophagus
C. Small Intestine
D. Large Intestine
E. Liver
20. ______ Absorbs large quantities of H2O
21. ______ Secretes pepsin and HCl
22. ______ Converts glucose to glycogen
23. ______ Is the major organ for absorption of the end products of digestion
24. ______ Secretes fat-emulsifying substance
25. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
All of the following are absorbed into blood capillaries in the villus except:
Glucose
Amino Acids
Fatty Acids
Dipeptides
Tripeptides
26. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Counter current mechanisms play an important role in the process of
Coronary circulation
Alveoli exchange of gases with the external environment
Converting pepsinogen to pepsin in the stomach
Reabsorption of filtrate substances in the nephrons of the kidney
Peristaltic movements of the small intestine
27. ______ An experimenter removed the endocrine region of the pancreas of a living rat and
observed the symptoms from the operation. The experimenter was trying to produce
symptoms of
a. Diabetes
b. Goiter
c. Cretinism
d. Acromegaly
e. Dwarfism
28. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
In which environment would hemoglobin have the highest affinity for oxygen?
High altitude, low pH
Low altitude, low pH
High Altitude, high pH
Low Altitude, high pH
High Altitude, normal pH
29. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Most CO2 is carried in the bloodstream as/by
Plasma
Carbaminohemoglobin
Bicarbonate ion
Myoglobin
Oxyhemoglobin
30. ______ The nephron reabsorption mechanism involves
a.
b.
c.
d.
Osmosis across the nephron wall
Active transport of sodium across the nephron wall
A steep solute concentration gradient
All of the above
Short Answer/Fill in the blanks
31. How does blood and cellular pressure play a role in exchange from capillaries? (4)
On the ______________ side of the capillary, the blood pressure is __________ relative to the
cellular pressure; therefore materials will follow this pressure gradient out. On the
________________ side of the capillary, the blood pressure is __________ relative to the cellular
pressure; therefore materials will follow this pressure gradient in.
32. The diagram of the alveoli at left is missing something.
Draw what is missing in the diagram. Below, Describe what
you drew and the purpose of the missing part. Also, identify
where and what direction O2 and CO2 flow through the alveoli.
(5 pts)
33. Describe how difference between a saltwater fish and freshwater fish in term of
maintaining osmotic balance (e.g. amount of water they drink/concentration of urine
they produce) (4 pts)
34. Fill in the chart below referring to human systems (15 pts)
Respiratory
Structure for
increasing the surface
area for exchange
Above structure is
found in which organ?
Responsible for
exchanging which
substances*? (2 pt
each)
*e.g. nutrients, gases, wastes
Digestive
Circulatory
All major organs
Excretory