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Founded in 1964 upon the
Palestine National Council’s
(PNC) election of a 15 member executive committee lead by Ahmad
Shuqayri
“Called for the elimination of Israel and the restoration of Palestine to the Palestinians”
Al-Fatah “moved to fill the political vacuum” after the defeat of the Arabs in
1967

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al-Fatah
 Established in Kuwait by Arafat among others
 Largest group
PFLP
 Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
 Founded by George Habash
 “Marxist group dedicated to the over throw of conservative Arab governments”
DFLP
 Further left offshoot of PFLP lead by Jordanian Nayif
Hawatma
PFLP-GC (General Command)
PLF
 Palestine Liberation Front headed by Abbu Abbas

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Karameh: March 1968
 Guerilla attacks into Israel from
Jordan called for by Arafat increases credibility/popularity
 Israel mounts massive retaliatory campaign
 Battle resulted in 21 Israeli deaths and over 100 Palestinian deaths
 Declared victory by PLO
War of Attrition: 1969-70
 Constant attacks on Israel which consequently resulted in expulsion from Jordan after Black September

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Relocation to Lebnanon:
October 1970
 Establish a state with the state of
Lebanon which disturbs Israel
 Exacerbates the confessional nature of Lebanon by introducing
Israeli support for the Maronites culminating in Civil War (1975-
90)
 Israel drives PLO out of Lebanon in 1982
PLO in Tunis: 1982-93
 1991-Madrid Conference starts peace process

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Intifadas: 1987 and 2000
 Palestinian uprisings not sponsored or planned by
PLO
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Oslo Accords: 1993
 PLO headquartered in Ramallah, West Bank
 PLO formally recognizes Israel and vice versa

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After his 2004 death, Arafat is succeeded by
Mahmoud Abbas
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Hamas takes control of Gaza in 2007 elections while Fatah retains control of the West Bank

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Mattar, Philip. "Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)." Encyclopedia of the Modern
Middle East and North Africa. Ed. Philip Mattar. Vol. 3. 2nd ed. New York:
Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. 1772-1776. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Gale.
Upper Arlington High School. 15 Sept. 2009
<http://go.galegroup.com/ps/start.do?p=GVRL&u=uppe28149>.
Nassar, Jamal R. "Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)." World Book Advanced. World
Book, 2009. Web. 15 Sept. 2009.