What You SHOULD KNOW by NOW
The document that declares to the world our
independence from England is called the
1.___________ __ ____________What year?
Who wrote it? 3. ____________
2._____
Define BIAS? 4. ____________________________
Supreme Law of the Land? 5. _____________
What year? 6. ______
Who wrote it? 7. ______________
First Secretary of TREASURY
Proposed the
federal assumption of
state debts, the establishment
of a
national bank, and the federal stimulation of
industry through EXCISE tax and tariffs
Opponents, including Jefferson, saw
programs as aiding a small, elite group at
the expense of the average citizen
Died from wounds sustained in a pistol duel
with Aaron Burr, Jefferson’s Vice President
Lasted from 1865 – 1877, from the end of
the Civil War until the Union Army’s
withdrawal from the South. It involved many
factors; readmitting Southern states to
the union, rebuilding a decimated south, &
integrating freed slaves into society.
It spurred economic development, the high
tax rates and corruption that accompanied it,
inspired widespread opposition in the South.
When the Union Army left, the South
largely returned to its preRECONSTRUCTION state.
The federal government guaranteed 160 acres of land in
the WEST to any settler who would homestead it.
Homesteading meant cultivating the land, building a home,
and inhabiting it for at least five years.
The government was eager to develop agriculture in the West.
Unfortunately much of the available land already had people
living on it ---the NATIVE AMERICANS.
Completed with GOLDEN SPIKE at
Promontory Point, UTAH
Marked the meeting of the UNION PACIFIC & the
CENTRAL PACIFIC railroads
During construction, the Union Pacific used IRISH labor, while
the CENTRAL PACIFIC used CHINESE labor
The connection of the railroads opened national markets
and met growing economic needs
Legislation encouraging the breakup of Native American
tribes in hopes of ASSIMILATING them into American society
Distributed Native American reservation lands among
individual members of the tribe to form a system of agriculture
(farming) more similar to the white man’s
Gave each head of a Native American family 160 acres of
farmland or 320 acres of grazing land
Effect was to nearly destroy the reservation system, as the
remaining tribal lands were opened up for whites …..
Reversed in 1934.
Started by Wovoka (A Paiute Indian) in 1889, the GHOST
DANCE MOVEMENT was based around a dance ritual that
enabled participants to envision a better future, one in which
NATIVE AMERICANS regained their control of North
America.
Sioux Ghost Dancers believed in medicine man-blessed
“ghost shirts” that could stop bullets; this belief contributed a
rise in Sioux militancy and, ultimately to the 1890 massacre
at WOUNDED KNEE.
SIOUX natives wished to practice a dance (GHOST DANCE)
that they believed would free their lands, rid them of whites,
& lead to prosperity; this frightened white settlers
The Federal army believed Chief Sitting Bull was planning a
rebellion’ acting on the settlers’ fear and their suspicions, the
army captured the chief
In a sudden exchange of gunfire between the tribe and the
army, Chief Sitting Bull and others were killed; the remainder
of the tribe fled to a camp near Wounded Knee Creek
When the army reached this camp, a shot was fired, and in
reaction, the army killed two hundred men, women, & children
in what is considered the last battle of the INDIAN WARS