Virginia Studies Review
VS.8, VS.9, & VS.10
©2012 Henrico County Public Schools - J. Stanley
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• READ the question on each slide.
• THINK about the answer.
• CLICK to check your answer.
What was the period following
the Civil War called?
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Segregation
Emancipation
Integration
Reconstruction
What was the importance of
the Reconstruction period?
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Congress passed laws designed to
help rebuild the country and bring the
southern states back into the Union.
What problems did Virginians
face during Reconstruction?
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Millions of freed African Americans needed
housing, education, clothing, food, and jobs.
•
Virginia’s economy was in ruins. Banks
were closed and money had no value.
Railroads, bridges, plantations, and crops
were destroyed.
What was the Freedmen’s
Bureau?
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The Freedmen’s Bureau was a
government agency that provided food,
schools, and medical care for freed
African Americans and others in Virginia.
What system allowed freedmen
and poor white farmers to rent land
by promising the landowners a
share of the crops?
• Segregation • Sharecropping • Specialization
What were “Jim Crow” laws?
•
“Jim Crow” laws were laws passed
by southern states legally establishing
segregation.
What is segregation?
Waiting Room
Whites
•
Coloreds
The separation of people, usually
based on race or religion.
What is discrimination?
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An unfair difference in the treatment of people
What was the effect of “Jim Crow”
laws on African Americans?
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• Unfair poll taxes and voting tests were established.
• African Americans found it very difficult to vote or hold
public office.
• African Americans were forced to use separate
drinking fountains, restrooms, and restaurants.
• African-American children attended schools separate
from white children.
What was the effect of “Jim
Crow” laws on American
Indians?
“Jim Crow” Laws
•
American Indians were not allowed
to attend public schools. High school
education was not available to many
Virginia Indians.
What influenced growth in
Virginia after Reconstruction?
•
Virginia’s cities grew with people, businesses,
industries, and factories. Railroads were a key
to the expansion. They contributed to the growth
of small towns into cities.
What industry contributed to
the growth in Tazewell County?
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• Coal mining
What industries continued to
be important in Virginia?
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• Tobacco farming and the manufacture
of tobacco products
Why did Virginia change from
an agricultural to a more
industrialized society?
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Old systems of farming were no longer
effective and crop prices were low.
What caused Virginia’s cities
to grow?
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People moved from rural to urban areas
for economic opportunities.
•
Technological developments in transportation
helped cities grow.
•
Coal mining spurred the growth of towns
and cities as people moved to find jobs.
During the twentieth century,
what contributed to growth in
Northern Virginia?
Virginia
• Federal government jobs and computer
technology
Which famous Virginian was a
twentieth-century president who
wrote a plan for world peace?
Woodrow Wilson
George C. Marshall
Which famous Virginian was a military
leader who created an economic plan
for the world?
Woodrow Wilson
George C. Marshall
What was the impact of
George C. Marshall?
•
George C. Marshall was a military
leader who created an economic plan to
ensure world peace.
How did Woodrow Wilson’s actions
impact international events?
Woodrow Wilson wrote a plan for world peace.
What was the impact of the
Civil Rights Movement?
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Laws were passed that made racial
discrimination illegal.
What changes occurred in
Virginia as a result of the Civil
Rights Movement?
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Virginia
•
All public schools were ordered to
desegregate.
•
Virginia’s government established a policy
of Massive Resistance, which fought to resist
the integration of public schools.
What is the meaning of
desegregation?
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• Abolishment of racial segregation
What is integration?
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Full equality of people of all races in
the use of public facilities and services
What was the outcome of the U.S.
Supreme Court case in 1954
(Brown v. Board of Education)?
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“Separate but equal” public schools
were unconstitutional.
What was Massive Resistance?
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Virginia’s government established a policy of
Massive Resistance to resist the integration of
public schools.
•
Some schools were closed to avoid
integration.
What well-known Virginian led
the Massive Resistance
Movement?
• Harry F. Byrd, Sr.
What contributions were made
by Maggie L. Walker?
•
Maggie L. Walker was the first AfricanAmerican woman in the United States to
establish a bank and become a bank
president.
Which former governor of Virginia
was known for his “Pay As You
Go” policy for road improvement?
L. Douglas Wilder
Harry F. Byrd, Sr.
A. Linwood Holton, Jr.
What major contribution was
made by Oliver W. Hill?
•
Oliver W. Hill was a lawyer and civil rights
leader who worked for equal rights for African
Americans. He played a key role in the
Brown v. Board of Education court decision.
Which former Virginia governor
promoted racial equality and appointed
African Americans and women to
positions in state government?
L. Douglas Wilder
Harry F. Byrd, Sr.
A. Linwood Holton, Jr.
What contributions were made
by Arthur R. Ashe, Jr.?
•
Arthur R. Ashe, Jr. was the first AfricanAmerican winner of a major men’s tennis
singles championship. He was also an
author and spokesperson for social change.
Who was the first African
American to be elected a state
governor in the United States?
• L. Douglas Wilder
What are the three branches
of government in Virginia?
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• Legislative Branch - General Assembly
• Executive Branch - Governor
• Judicial Branch - Court system
What is the function of the
legislative branch of the
Virginia government?
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The legislative branch makes state laws. The
General Assembly is divided into two parts - the
Senate and the House of Delegates.
What is the function of the
executive branch of the
Virginia government?
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The executive branch makes sure that
state laws are carried out. The governor
heads this branch.
What is the function of the
judicial branch of the Virginia
government?
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The judicial branch decides cases about
people accused of breaking the law. It also
decides whether or not a law agrees with
Virginia’s constitution.
What are the major products and
industries of the Coastal Plain
(Tidewater) Region of Virginia?
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• Products: seafood, peanuts
• Industries: shipbuilding, tourism, military
bases
What are the major products and
industries of the Piedmont Region
of Virginia?
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• Products: tobacco products,
information technology
• Industries: federal and state
government, farming, horse industry
What are the major products and
industries of the Blue Ridge
Mountain Region of Virginia?
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• Products: apples
• Industries: recreation, farming
What are the major products and
industries of the Valley and Ridge
Region of Virginia?
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• Products: poultry, apples, dairy, beef
• Industries: farming
What are the major products and
industries of the Appalachian
Plateau Region of Virginia?
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• Products: coal
• Industries: coal mining
How have advances in transportation
helped economic growth in Virginia?
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Virginia’s transportation system (highways,
railroads, air transportation, shipping) moves
raw materials to factories and finished
products to markets. Virginia exports
agricultural products (including tobacco and
poultry), manufactured goods (large ships),
and coal.
How have advances in
communications and technology
helped the economy of Virginia grow?
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Virginia has a large number of
communications and other technology
industries that benefit the economy of
Virginia.
In what ways is Virginia part of
the United States economy?
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Industries in Virginia produce goods and
services used throughout the United States.
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Many federal government workers live
and/or work in Virginia. Many government
agencies are located in Virginia and nearby in
Washington, D.C.
Let’s review!
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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The period following the Civil War was called
Reconstruction
____________.
The government agency that provided food,
schools, and medical care for freed African
Bureau
Americans was the Freedmen’s
________________.
Sharecropping allowed freedmen and poor white
_____________
farmers to rent land by promising a share of the
crops to the landowners.
Laws passed by southern states making
“Jim Crow” Laws
segregation legal were called ______________.
Separation of people based on race or religion is
segregation
called ___________.
railroads were the key to
After Reconstruction, ________
expansion of Virginia’s cities.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
When old systems of farming became no longer
effective and crop prices were low, Virginia changed
agricultural to a more ___________
industrialized society.
from an _________
People moved from rural to urban areas for
economic opportunities.
__________
Laws making racial discrimination illegal were
Civil Rights Movement
passed during the ___________________.
Integration is the full equality of people of all races
__________
in the use of public facilities and services.
Virginia’s government established a policy of
Massive Resistance to resist integration of public
__________________
schools.
General Assembly is the __________
legislative branch of
The _______________
Virginia’s government that makes state laws.
transportation ______________,
communications and
Advances in ___________,
technology industries have contributed to
___________
economic growth in Virginia.
Name these famous Virginians.
3.
2.
1.
Woodrow Wilson
I wrote a plan for
world peace.
5.
4.
George C. Marshall
Maggie Walker
I created an economic I became a bank
plan for the world.
president.
6.
Harry F. Byrd, Sr.
As governor, I started
“Pay as You Go”.
7.
Arthur Ashe, Jr.
A. Linwood Holton, Jr.
Oliver W. Hill
I was a lawyer who
worked for civil rights.
8.
L. Douglas Wilder
I won a men’s singles As governor, I appointed I was the first Africantennis championship. African-Americans.
American governor.
Match the products and industries
with the numbered Virginia regions.
Virgin
Regions
of Virginia
ia
4
1
seafood
tobacco
2
5
1
3
peanuts
information
technology
shipbuilding
tourism
poultry
military bases
apples
dairy, beef
farming
4
coal
2
5
coal mining
apples
3
federal/state
government
farming
farming
recreation
horse
industry