CHEMICAL BONDING WARM-UP
Answer the following questions INDEPENDENTLY!
Identify the shape:
A
D
B
E
Draw the following and predict the
Shape of the Following:
(1) H2S
(2) CBr4
C
CHECK YOUR ANSWERS and DISCUSS ANYTHING YOU MISSED:
Identify the shape:
A) Bent
B) Trigonal Pyramidal
C) Linear
D) Trigonal Planar
E) Tetrahedral
Draw the following and predict the Shape of the
Following:
(1) H2S - Bent
(2) CBr4 -Tetrahedral
HOMEWORK CHECK
Check your homework answers against the keys
provided on the next two slides.
HOMEWORK REVIEW:

VSEPR THEORY PRACTICE WORKSHEET
TODAY’S OBJECTIVES
WHAT YOU WILL LEARN TODAY
Objectives

Identify bond strengths based upon type of bond.

Define polarity


Apply VSEPR theory to predict the overall polarity
of a molecule.
Predict the properties of a molecule based on the
type of molecule (Ionic, NPC, PC, Metallic)
IDENTIFY BOND STRENGTHS
BASED UPON TYPE OF BOND
Bonds have lengths and strengths!

Ionic bonds- Strongest of all bonds!

Covalent Bonds
 Triple
Bonds – shortest and stronger
 Double bonds
 Single bonds - longest and weakest of all the bonds.
Arrange the following in order of
increasing bond strength.
CO2
CCl4
SrBr2
N2
CHECK YOUR ANSWERS ON THE NEXT SLIDE 
Arrange the following in order of
increasing bond strength.
CCl4 – WEAKEST – SINGLE COVALENT
CO2 -- Double Covalent
N2 --- Triple Covalent
SrBr2 Ionic – STRONGEST!!
DEFINE POLARITY
DISCUSS WHAT
THESE PICTURES
HAVE IN COMMON
What Does This Represent???
(Think Electronegativity!!)
Polarity

PUT THIS IN YOUR NOTES!!!!!
Polarity is defined as the unequal distribution of electrons.
But what does that actually mean?


Polar molecules have a slightly positive end and a slightly negative end.
Nonpolar molecules have a consistent charge throughout and thus no charged
poles (ends).

POLAR and NONPOLAR DO NOT MIX!!!!

POLAR BONDS create special properties due to small charges.
DEMO: BACK TABLE
On the back table is a test tube filled with the
following….
Water, Oil, and Food Coloring
Which items are Polar and which are NON-Polar?
(Hint: Research to determine the polarity of water)
Check Your Answers On The Next Slide 
DEMO: BACK TABLE
On the back table is a test tube filled with the
following….
Water, Oil, and Food Coloring
Which items are Polar and which are NON-Polar?
Water and Food Coloring are BOTH POLAR as they
mix together. The oil is NONPOLAR causing it to
not mix with the water.
Check Your Answers On The Next Slide 
APPLY VSEPR THEORY TO PREDICT THE
OVERALL POLARITY OF A MOLECULE.
How do you know if a molecule is polar?
COPY THIS INTO YOUR NOTES


Step 1: Draw Lewis Structure & Determine the shape
Step 2: Predict the polarity of the molecule based on
the following.
 Bent,
and trigonal pyramidal molecules are ALWAYS
polar. (think about WHY they are bent…lone pairs)
 Tetrahedral,
trigonal planar, and linear are usually
nonpolar.
But can be polar, IF and ONLY IF there are 3 or more different
elements.
 Ex. CH4 (NonPolar) vs. CH2F2 (Polar)

Examples – Work As A Team
Determine if the following molecules are polar or non-polar:
 NH3
 CSeF2
 CO2
Check Answers On The Next Slide ---
Examples – Work As A Team
Determine if the following molecules are polar or non-polar:
 NH3
Polar
 CSeF2
Polar
 CO2
Non-Polar
You Try - Work Independently
Determine if the following molecules are polar or nonpolar.

NF3

SO2

CH2I2
You Try - Work Independently
Determine if the following molecules are polar or nonpolar.

NF3
POLAR

SO2
POLAR

CH2I2
POLAR
PREDICT THE PROPERTIES OF A
MOLECULE BASED ON THE TYPE
(IONIC, NPC, PC, METALLIC)
Copy this chart and complete as you
read the next few slides
Type of
Bond
IONIC
METALLIC
POLAR
NONPOLAR
Conduct
Electricity
Dissolve
In water?
State at
Room Temp
Properties of Ionic Substances







Hard
Brittle
A solid at room temperature
Very high melting points (≈800C)
Very high boiling points
Soluble in water (think SALT)
Conduct electricity when dissolved in water or as a
liquid.
Properties of Metals







Shiny
Solid at room temperature.
Very very high melting point (≈1000C)
Very Very high boiling point
Insoluble in water (does your gold necklace wash away
when you shower?)
Conduct electricity
Malleable and ductile (think COPPER)
Properties of Polar Molecules





Typically a liquid at room temperature.
Low melting points (≈20C)
Medium boiling points
Soluble in water (think SUGAR)
Not a of conductor electricity
Properties of Non-polar molecules





Typically a gas at room temperature.
Very low melting (≈-100C)
Very low boiling points
Insoluble in water (think Oxygen)
Not a conductor of electricity.
Here’s What You Should Have Learned
Type of
Bond
IONIC
METALLIC
POLAR
NONPOLAR
Conduct
Electricity
Dissolve
State at
Room Temp
Y
Y
N
N
Y
N
Y
N
Solid
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Steps for determining properties.




Step 1: Draw the Lewis structures
Step 2: Predict the shape
Step 3: Based on the shape determine the polarity
Step 4: Use polarity to determine properties
Given CO2
Work Together To Answer The Following Questions:



What is the overall shape?
Using this shape, what type of bond is present?
Ionic, Metallic, Polar or Nonpolar?
Given the shape, determine the following:
 What
is the state of matter at room temp?
 Will it conduct electricity
 Will it dissolve in water?
Check Your Answers On The Next Slide
Given CO2
Work Together To Answer The Following Questions:



What is the overall shape? Linear
Using this shape, what type of bond is present?
Ionic, Metallic, Polar or Nonpolar? Nonpolar
Given the shape, determine the following:
 What
is the state of matter at room temp?
 Will it conduct electricity
No
 Will it dissolve in water?
No
Gas
PULLING IT ALL TOGETHER

Copy and complete the following table, working
together as a team
Compound
Type of
Bond?
(I, M, PC, PC)
Shape
State of
Matter
Conduct
Electricity?
Dissolve in
Water?
CO2
NPC
Linear
Gas
No
No
PCl3
H2O
CCl4
MgCl2
Cl2
CH2Cl2
NH3
AlCl3
Compound
Type of Bond?
(I, M, PC, NPC)
Shape
State of
Matter
Conduct
Electricity?
Dissolve in
Water?
CO2
NPC
Linear
Gas
No
No
PCl3
PC
Trig Pyramidal
Liquid
No
Yes
H2O
PC
Bent
Liquid
No
Yes
CCl4
NPC
Tetrahedral
Gas
No
No
MgCl2
Ionic
Lattice
Solid
Yes
Yes
Cl2
NPC
Linear
Gas
No
No
CH2Cl2
PC
Tetrahedral
Liquid
No
Yes
NH3
PC
Trig Pyramidal
Liquid
No
Yes
AlCl3
Ionic
Lattice
Solid
Yes
Yes
YOU TRY IT ----WORK INDEPENDENTLY !!
Compound
Type of
Bond?
Shape
SrAt2
O3
SO3
HgZn
GeH2Br2
-----
Type of
Bond
Conduct
Electricity
Dissolve
State at
Room Temp
IONIC
Y
Y
Solid
METALLIC
Y
N
Solid
POLAR
N
Y
Liquid
NONPOLAR
N
N
Gas
State of
Matter
Conduct
Electricity?
Dissolve in
Water?
YOU TRY IT -----
Type of
Bond
Conduct
Electricity
Dissolve
State at
Room Temp
IONIC
Y
Y
Solid
METALLIC
Y
N
Solid
POLAR
N
Y
Liquid
NONPOLAR
N
N
Gas
WORK INDEPENDENTLY !!
Compound
Type of
Bond?
Shape
State of
Matter
Conduct
Electricity?
Dissolve in
Water?
SrAt2
Ionic
Lattice
Solid
Yes
Yes
O3
PC
Bent
Liquid
No
Yes
SO3
NPC
Trig Planar
Gas
No
No
HgZn
Metallic
-----
Solid
Yes
No
GeH2Br2
PC
Tetrahedral
Liquid
No
Yes
Objectives (Today You’ve Learned How To….)

Identify bond strengths based upon type of bond.

Define Polarity


Apply VSEPR theory to predict the overall polarity
of a molecule.
Predict the properties of a molecule based on the
type of molecule (Ionic, NPC, PC, Metallic)
HOMEWORK
BONDING WORKSHEET (WHOLISTIC VIEW)
HONORS….
OMIT INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
SECTION UNTIL LATER

UNIT 4 QUIZ
 When
you’re finished, turn in paper and start on
worksheet. Complete worksheet for homework!