13 Colonies

 Divided into 3 regions:
 New England
 Middle
 Southern
New England

Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut
 Geography: small northern states by Atlantic
 Long, harsh winters
 Rocky soil
 Dense forests
New England

Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut
 Economy: Poor farming, made use of ocean
 Fishing, whaling, ship building, shipping
 Lumber, fur trading
 Subsistence farming
New England

 Society: Strongly influenced by Religion
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut
 Puritans, pilgrims
 Land sold to a congregation, meeting house/church in
center w/ homes built around
 People live in towns, major cities on coast
 Public edu.- wanted children to read Bible
 Mayflower Compact- 1st colonial government, set up
by Pilgrims b/c of distance from king
New England

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Middle Colonies

New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware
 Geography: fertile soil, warm summers
Middle Colonies
New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware

 Economy: Farming and artisan skills
 Grew lots of wheat = gristmills to make bread. Supply
other colonies and called “bread basket”
 Good temps for cattle farming (beef, dairy), sheep,
pigs
 Shipping/trading in major port cities
 Craftsmen- blacksmiths, silversmiths, furniture
makers, glass blowers, merchants in cities
Middle Colonies

New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware
 Society: Diversity and tolerance
 Mix of European immigrants (French, Dutch, German)
 Many religious groups- Protestants, Quakers,
Catholics, Jews
 Small slave population- worked as assistants in the
household or craftsmen
 Skills workers = middle class
Middle Colonies

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Southern Colonies

Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
 Geography:
 Year-round growing season (mild winters, hot
summers)
 Fertile soil
Southern Colonies

Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
 Economy- Cash Crops
 Plantations and small farms grew cotton, rice, tobacco,
indigo
 Relied on Triangular Trade Route to bring in slaves
from Africa, and ship out cash crops to Europe.
Southern Colonies

Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
 Society
 40% of population enslaved
 Very diverse and independent- various European
immigrants
 Large plantation = isolation, few large cities
 Planters dominated social class, most white farmers
poorer, indentured servants/slaves at bottom
Southern Colonies

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the climate/geo,
economy, and society.
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