The history of the United States as
covered in schools and universities
typically begins with either 1492 and
Columbus, or with the prehistory of the
Native people. Officially the United
States of America began as an
independent nation with the Declaration
of Independence in July 1776.
By the 1770s the Thirteen Colonies
contained two and half million people.
They were prosperous, and had
developed their own political and legal
systems. The British government's
threat/danger
to
American
selfgovernment/self-control led/conduct to
war in 1775 and the Declaration of
Independence in 1776.
With major military and financial
support from France, the patriots won
the American Revolution. In 1789 the
Constitution became the basis for the
United States federal government, with
war hero George Washington as the first
president.
The North america gave opportunity to
people of the various conditions,
including people that didn’t turn to
their countries. So, consider the USA
like their residence.
TERRITORIAL
EXTENTION
USA is formed by 48 states and
Washington, DC , the federal district of
the capital. The geography of the
United States is extremely diverse, in
part because of the large size of the
country, which is the fourth largest in
the world . With 9.37 million square
kilometers in area and about 309
million inhabitants. The United States
comprise a large part of North America,
limited to the north by Canada, east by
the Atlantic Ocean, south to the Gulf of
Mexico and Mexico itself, and west to
the Pacific Ocean.
Florida climate has a subtropical ,
while Alaska has a climate polar . Vast
portions of the country have a
continental
climate,
with
warm
temperate summers and cold winters.
Some parts of the United States,
particularly parts of California have a
Mediterranean climate .
 Predominantly
English - 80% of the population
aged five years or more, spoke only English at
home;
 The Spanish spoken at home for 12% of the
population, is the second most common
language and second foreign language taughtSpanish-speaking minority- in States near
Mexico, and in cities like: New York, Los
Angeles, San Francisco, Miami or Dallas.
Religion in the United States
Religion
Protestantism
Percentage
51,3%
Roman Catholicism
23,9%
No religion
16,1%
Other Christians
3,3%
Judaism
1,7%
Other
3,7%
Origin of name
The name comes from thaler dollar (in
Portuguese
thaler
),
short
for
Joachimsthaler, a silver coin minted for
the first time in 1518, with silver
extracted from mines located around
the town of Joachimsthal ("Valley of
San Joaquin "), current/atual Jáchymov
in Bohemia .
There are coins: 1 (pennies), 5 (nickel),
10 (dime) e 25 (quarter) –centavos; 50
(half dollar) and one (dollar). There
are banknotes like these: 1, 5 10, 20,
50 and 100 dollars. All banknotes are
the same colors and the same size/
proportion.
*Buy dollars to travel to USA or in the
airport;
*Accept
credit
cards
(Visa,
Mastercard, American Express,...),
and traveller’s cheque.
United States Postal Service
Slogan Slogan
We deliver for you.
Type
Fundação Foundation
Headquarters /Sede
Governamental Governmental
1775
475 L'Enfant Plaza, Southwest,
Washington, DC.
Founder (s)
Benjamin Franklin
Employees
Industry
785,929 (2007) 785,929 (2007)
Transport and Logistics
Products
Logistics Services: buy postage
stamp in mail, ...
$74.973 billion
Open 24 hours
Billing
Some cities
Public telephones function/operate
with coins. Local connection is 25
cents. The telephones accept coins of
the 5, 10 e 25 cents.
The stores vary in their hours. The
shops are mostly business start between
8:00 am and 10:00 am in the morning
and stays open until 5:00 pm to 6:00
pm. Relying on local laws, shops may
be open Sunday for part of the day.
It is common in shopping malls open
late several times a week or every
weekday. The supermarkets usually stay
open until 9:00 pm and convenience
stores and restaurants often never
closes. Note: banks close at 3:00 pm;
most offices closed at 5:00 pm or 6:00
pm.
The culture of the United States is
a
Western
culture
originally
influenced by European cultures. It
has been developing since long
before the United States became a
country with its own unique social
and cultural characteristics such as
dialect, music, arts, social habits,
cuisine, and folklore.
For exemple, the music, films and
programs are famous in the worldgained a near global audience.
The culture is ethnically and racially diverse
country as a result of large-scale immigration
from many different countries throughout its
history.
Also includes elements which evolved from
Native Americans, and other ethnic subcultures;
most prominently the culture of African
Americans and different cultures from Latin
America. Many cultural elements, especially
popular culture, have been exported across the
globe through modern mass media.
It depend on social class, political orientation
and a multitude of demographic characteristics
such
as
religious
background/exercise,
occupation and ethnic group membership.
Education in the United States is mainly provided by the
public sector, with control and funding coming from three
levels: federal, state, and local. Child education is
compulsory/obligatory.
Compulsory
education
requirements can generally be satisfied by educating
children in public schools, state-certified private schools,
or an approved home school program called
Homeschooling(2.9% of all children).
The spread of compulsory attendance in the
Massachusetts tradition throughout America, especially for
Native Americans, has been credited to General Richard
Henry Pratt. Pratt used techniques developed on Native
Americans in a prisoner of war camp in Fort Marion.
In most public and private schools, education is divided
into three levels: elementary school, middle school
(sometimes called junior high school), and high school
(sometimes referred to as secondary education).
In most public and private schools, education is
divided into three levels: elementary school,
middle school (sometimes called junior high
school), and high school (sometimes referred to
as secondary education).
Declaration of Independence- American system of
education grew to be an essential element in our
faith that this nation was uniquely the land of
opportunity.
Elementary school
Preschool
4
Kindergarten
5
1st Grade
6
2nd Grade
7
3rd Grade
8
4th Grade
9
5th Grade
10
Middle school
6th Grade
11
7th Grade
12
8th Grade
13
High school (secondary education)
9th Grade (Freshman)
14
10th Grade (Sophomore)
15
11th Grade (Junior)
16
12th Grade (Senior)
17
Post-secondary education
Tertiary education (College or
University)
Ages vary, but often 18–22
(Freshman, Sophomore, Junior
and Senior years)
Vocational education
Ages vary
Graduate education
Ages vary
Adult education
Ages vary
Elementary school teacher –average 18 students;
Secondary school teacher- average 12 students;
The average teacher salary was $62,800
(10.000,00 month);
The average salary of a first-year teacher was
$29,564 ( R$ 5.000,00 month)
EUA - Big center of superior education, with 1500
universities.
The economy of the United States is the world's
largest national economy. Its nominal GDP(gross
domestic product was estimated to be over $15
trillion in 2011. The economy of China is $6
trillion(second place).
The labor market in the United States has
attracted immigrants from all over the world .
Chief crops: wheat, other grains, corn, fruits,
vegetables, cotton, beef, pork, poultry, dairy
products, forest products, fish.
Industry: petroleum, steel, motor vehicles,
aerospace, telecommunications, chemicals,
electronics, food processing, consumer goods,
mining, etc.
Agriculture is a major industry in the
United States and the country is a net
exporter of food.
Exports: US$994.7 billion
Agricultural products, industrial supplies,
equipment, vehicle, etc.
Imports: US$1.445 trillion
Agricultural products, industrial supplies
computers,
telecommunications
equipment, motor vehicle parts, office
machines, electric power machinery,
automobiles,
clothing,
medicines,
furniture, toys.
John kennedy (1917-1963)
-Young president;
-Assassinated.
Richard nixon (1913-1994)
-Renunciation/Republican;
-scandal
Watergates.
building)
Barack Hussein Obama was born in
August 4, 1961- is the 44th and current
President of the United States. He is the
first African American to hold the office.
Assumed office in January 20, 2009. He
won the Nobel Peace Prize 2009 for his
extraordinary international diplomacy
and cooperation between peoples.
Where do they work?
DOCTOR
HOSPITAL
TEACHER
RESTAURANT
COOKHOTEL
FACTORY
SEAMAN
PLANE
SECRETARY
SHIP
RECEPTIONIST
UNIVERSITY
POSTMAN
SHOP
POLICEMAN
POLICE STATION
SHOP ASSISTANT
POST OFFICE
WORKER
HOTEL
PILOT
LORRY
DRIVER
OFFICE
PRESIDENT
WHITE HOUSE
The Mount Rushmore National Memorial
is a sculpture carved into the granite
face of Mount Rushmore near Keystone,
South Dakota.
(left to right) Sculptures of George Washington,
Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt and Abraham
Lincoln represent the first 130 years of the history of
the United States.
The Statue of Liberty
It was a gift of friendship from the
people of France to the people of the
United States and is a universal symbol
of freedom and democracy. It was
dedicated on October 28, 1886,
designated as a National Monument in
1924 and restored for her centennial on
July 4, 1986.
The White House
The residence of the President of the
United States of America, and has been
for over 200 years. It is located at 1600
Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington,
D.C., the capital city of the USA.
Washington Monument
The Washington Monument is an obeliskshaped building in Washington, D.C.
that was built to honor the first
President, George Washington. This 555foot-tall, building in the District of
Columbia.
Bald Eagle
The bald eagle is a magnificent bird of
prey that is native to North America.
This majestic eagle is not really bald;
white feathers cover its head. The
derivation of the name "bald" is from an
obsolete English word meaning white.
The bald eagle has been the national
symbol of the USA since 1782.
Although along the years Arizona began to be
populated by other people, 250 years ago this
state was only populated by Indians.
Nowadays, 9,81% of the North American
territory are already only busy for these.
With relationship to the culture, this people
have traditions many different from the one of
the Europeans.
*The Indians still continue to be organized and
the chosen marriages for the parents;
*The babies until they do more or less 1 year
they are wrapped up in palm tree leaf with if
it roots a blanket;
*The jewels that use are made with some
precious stones of blue color that say to have
effects healers and that maintain the bad
moved away spirits;
*The most important animal for the Indians is
the eagle. This, for besides to be the symbol
of the peace and to get to fly higher than any
other animal is also a great hunter;
*The Indians have special dances for every
occasion( eat, call for the rain, marriages
when they pass of children for adolescents…
*They believe that when the person dies
you/he/she embodies in an animal
because the spirit never dies;
*They don't take drugstore medicines,
because they create these, with
medicinal plants.
The flag or The Stars and Stripes.
Signification:
The 50 stars on the flag represent the
50 states;
The 13 stripes(red and white) represent
the thirteen British colonies;
Red: value and resistance;
White:purity;
Blue: justice and persistence;
modification:26
Match the colours with their names.
 blue
 brown
 black
 pink
 yellow
 red
 green
 orange
 grey
American football (*)
Soccer
Created in USA(*)
ice hockey
Baseball(*)
Curling
Water polo
Ultimate(Frisbee)
Handball
Lacrosse
Cricket
Rugby
Basketball(*)
Look at the picture, then write the word next to the correct number.
horseback
riding
golf
riding
motorcycle
s
drawing
playing
music
riding
bicycles
watching
TV
playing
basketball
playing
tennis
playing
baseball
sleeping
roller
skating
playing
football
ice skating
camping
walking
playing
hockey
bowling
relaxing
using a
computer
1._______________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________
5. _______________________________________________
6. _______________________________________________
7. _______________________________________________
8. _______________________________________________
9. _______________________________________________
10._______________________________________________
11._______________________________________________
12._______________________________________________
13._______________________________________________
14._______________________________________________
15._______________________________________________
16._______________________________________________
17._______________________________________________
18._______________________________________________
19._______________________________________________
20. _______________________________________________
January
NEW YEAR
New Year in United States is celebrated on
January 1, the first day of Gregorian Calendar.
This is a Federal holiday in US. On this day, many
people make resolutions to give away bad deeds
and renew life with good ones.
*People cover their faces with masks.There is
also a tradition to open champagne bottles as
the clock strikes midnight on the New Year's
Eve. Kiss each other.
Martin Luther King, Jr. Day
Martin Luther King, Jr. Day is a United States
federal holiday marking the birthday of Rev.
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr-January 15.
February
Presidents Day
Washington's Birthday is a United States federal
holiday celebrated on the third Monday of
February in honor of George Washington(writing
of the Constitution in 1787), the first President of
the United States. It is commonly but erroneously
known as Presidents Day.
More considered Presidents: George Washington
and Abraham Lincoln.
George Washington
Biography
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln was born February 12,
1809, the second child of Thomas
Lincoln
and
Nancy
Lincoln
in
Hodgenville, Kentucky. They were
respected in the community. The couple
had two other children: Abraham’s
older sister Sarah and younger brother
Thomas, who died in infancy.
When young Abraham was nine years
old his mother died at age 34 and the
event was devastating on him.
Sarah encouraged Abraham to read.
He undoubtedly read the family Bible
and probably other popular books at
that time such as Robinson Crusoe,
Pilgrims Progress and Aesop’s Fables.
Your family and neighbors considered
him lazy. Lincoln didn’t like to kill
animals. Therefore, avoided to hunt
and
fish.
Your
studies
were
summarized, in that time, to know to
read, to write and to do the four
operations. In the state there were
shortage of books and paper, and the
Bible was probably the only existent
book in your parents' house. Lincoln
studied her, coming later to enrich your
speeches and works written with
biblical citations.
The family was Baptists church, which
had high moral standards and opposed
alcohol, dancing, and slavery.
He was lawyer.
He died in April 15, 1865.
Valentine's Day
Saint Valentine's Day, often simply Valentine's
Day, is observed on February 14 each year. The
lovers expressed their love for each other by
presenting
flowers,
offering
confectionery/sweets, and sending greeting
cards.
March
Patrick's Day
Saint Patrick's Day or the Feast of Saint Patrick is
a cultural and religious holiday celebrated on 17
March. The most commonly recognized of the
patron saints of Ireland, and the arrival of
Christianity in Ireland.
Characterized by the attendance of church
services, wearing of green attire, public parades,
restrictions on eating, and drinking alcohol.
People defile with horses in the streets.
According to legend, St. Patrick used the 3-leaved
shamrock to explain the Holy Trinity to the Irish
people.
April
Easter Day
Easter is a Christian festival and holiday
celebrating the resurrection of Jesus Christ on
the third day after his crucifixion at Calvary as
described in the New Testament. Easter customs
vary across the Christian world, but attending
decorating Easter eggs, a symbol of the empty
tomb.
May
Day of the Dead
Day of the Dead is a Mexican holiday celebrated
throughout Mexico and around the world in other
cultures. The holiday focuses on gatherings of family
and friends to pray for and remember friends and
family members who have died. It includes building
private altars using sugar skulls, marigolds(cravo-dedefunto), and the favorite foods and beverages of the
departed and visiting graves with these as gifts.
June
Day of St. Anthony of Padua
Anthony of Padua or Anthony of Lisbon, O.F.M., (born
Fernando Martins de Bulhões; 15 August 1195 – 13
June 1231) was a Portuguese Catholic priest and friar
of the Franciscan Order. Though he died in Padua,
Italy, he was born in Lisbon, Portugal. Noted expert
knowledge of Scripture, he was declared a saint
almost immediately after his death and proclaimed a
Doctor of the Church in 16 January 1946.
July
Independence Day
Independence Day is regarded as the
birthday of the United States as a free
and independent nation.
The holiday recalls the signing of the
Declaration of Independence on July 4,
1776.
August
Music festivals
In August they can enjoy varied
different music festivals, from the
classic until the jazz.
September
Labor Day
Labor Day is a United States federal
holiday observed on the first Monday in
September
that
celebrates
the
economic and social contributions of
workers. Forms of celebration include
picnics, barbecues, fireworks/produce
coloured flames, water sports, and
public art events.
October
Halloween
Halloween is a yearly holiday observed
around the world on October 31, the night
before All Saints' Day, in honouring the
deads.
Practice
Children go from house to house, asking for
treats such as candy or sometimes money,
with the question, "Trick or treat?"
November
Thanksgiving Day
Thanksgiving Day is a holiday celebrated
primarily in the United States and Canada.
Thanksgiving is celebrated each year on the
second Monday of October in Canada and on the
fourth Thursday of November in the United
States.
the "First Thanksgiving" was celebrated by the
Pilgrims to give thanks to God for
guiding/direction them safely to the New
World.
The feast consisted of fish, ducks,
geese, turkey, fruit, vegetables (peas,
pumpkin, beetroot, onion) and grains.
December
Christmas Day
Christmas or Christmas Day is an annual
commemoration of the birth of Jesus
Christ,
celebrated
generally
on
December 25 as a religious and cultural
holiday by billions of people around the
world.
Popular modern customs of the holiday
include gift giving, Christmas music, an
exchange of Christmas cards, church
celebrations, a special meal, and the
display
of
various
Christmas
decorations, including Christmas trees,
Christmas lights, nativity scenes, a
wreath of flowers, mistletoe/plant and
etc.
Their national cuisine is just the
agglomeration several cultures.
I hate to admit it but Americans eat a
lot of fatty foods. Food in the United
States is as diverse as the geography
and the people that live here. Each
region has its particular style of cooking
or special dish and an enormous variety
of
foods
and
traditions.
Pancakes,
french
toast,
waffles(There
are many variations
based on the type and
shape of the iron and
the recipe used), fruit.
Coffee
is
more
consumed than tea for
children. Often eaten
in the early morning
before undertaking the
day's work.
BRUNCH:
is a meal
eaten between 10:30 am
and 2 pm, as a substitute
for both of these meals.
Served in family, with
friends,
in
house,
restaurant, in the free
days or sundays.
 Foods such as eggs,
sausages, bacon, ham,
fruits,
pastries(pie),
pancakes, roasts of meat,
seafood salads, soups,
vegetable dishes, coffee,
juices.
Complete
salad,
served with breads,
soup,
sandwich,
roasted
meat
garnished/adorned
with potatoes and
fresh vegetables.
Lunch is usually
served
around
noon.
Meat,
fish, potato,
salad tempered with
these sauces: Green
Goddess,
Thousand
Islands,
French
Dressing.
After 5:00 p.m but
before 10:30.
Dessert:
ice-cream,
pie,
wine,
milk,
coffee, Whisky.
Comes at the end
of a meal.
Buffalos are similar to
cows, but have less fat in
their meat. And comes
come from Europe but
buffalos are native to
America. Try buffalo
burgers and buffalo
steaks wherever you
can – they are delicious!
Barbecuing is an
American hobby,
usually done in the
backyard or in
parks. Charcoal
barbecues are the
best. We make
hamburgers, hotdogs,
chicken, kebabs,
corn, vegetables and
more on the grill –
and its so good!
There are many kinds
of pizza. Usually
pizza is made with
mozzarella cheese but
white pizza is
different. It used
ricotta cheese, a
whiter, thicker
cheese. You can
often find spinach on
these pizzas
too. They are really
delicious!
Chinese food in the US
is different than
Chinese food in Korea
or China – but it still
tastes great. There are
so many delicious
dishes, but my favorite
is beef and
broccoli. You can try
them all at the
thousands of Chinese
buffets across the
country. Almost every
city has one!
Greek food is
amazing, and the
most amazing Greek
food is the gyro. It is
a sandwich made with
pita bread, lamb,
tomatoes, onions, and
cucumber yogurt
sauce. Try it with a
big Greek salad and
you’ll be very
satisfied.
A pretzel is a bready
snack. You can get
little hard ones (sold
next to chips in the
snack aisle) or big
soft ones. The big
soft ones are the
best. Go to any
mall and look for
the pretzel store
Aunt Annie’s.
These are peanuts that
are boiled/cooked for
at least 8 hours in
different spices like soy
sauce or chili
sauce. They are
delicious and soft – you
can even eat the
shell. But, you can only
buy them in the South
(Florida, Georgia, etc.)
and usually only on the
side of the road.
There is a world of
soft drinks beyond
cider and cola. There
is Coke, Pepsi, Sprite,
Mountain Dew, Dr.
Pepper, Club Soda,
Ginger Ale, and Root
Beer. Root Beer is
one of my
favorites. A root beer
float is made with
root beer and ice
cream.!
Apple pie, peach
pie, cherry pie –
they are all
delicious, but the
best is blueberry
pie.
Cupcakes
is a
small
cake
designed
to
serve one person.
Is
comun
in
children party. Is
very practical.
Muffins
Muffins
is a small
cakes or cupcakes.
Although
they
usually are not as
sweet as cupcakes
and generally lack
frosting. They may
be filled with sweet
fillings,
such
as
chocolate, lemons or
blueberries.
Bagel
with
cream
cheese
and lox (cured
salmon)
are
considered
a
traditional part
of
American
Jewish cuisine.
Donut
(doughnut)
is
popular in many
countries
and
prepared
in
various forms as
a sweet.
A
hot dog is a
sausage served in
a
sliced
bun(sweet
bread). It is very
often
garnished
with
mustard,
ketchup, onions
and mayonnaise.
Pancakes
or crepes
are made from flour,
milk, and eggs. They
are thin pancakes
and
are
usually
served with a large
amount of sweet or
savory filling, ranging
from fruit or ice
cream, to seafood (in
Brazil, most usually
ground meat).
French fries
Cheeseburger
A Caesar salad is a
salad of romaine
lettuce and croutons
dressed
with
parmesan
cheese,
lemon juice, olive
oil,
egg,
Worcestershire
sauce, garlic, and
black pepper.
Maryland Chicken is
a dish associated
with the U.S. state
of Maryland. The
food dish consists of
fried chicken served
with
a
cream
gravy(meat sauce).
Strawberry
shortcake is a sweet
biscuit
and
a
popular food in the
United
States
around 1850, as a
celebration of the
coming of summer.
Observe the image and circle the correct
name.
orange chips bananas eggs
apples chicken ham cheese
chicken fish pie eggs
chips
oranges cheese ham
pie oranges cheese eggs
cheese chicken apple eggs
chips apple fish chicken
pt.wikipedia.org
http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/
THE NEW YORK TIMES
2005 ALMANAC.
New
York, n. 01, apr. 26. 2005.
Theme of almanac: The
Almanac of record about
USA, edited by John W.
Wright.
www.google.com.br