1

A Quick Look at Dow
Feeding the World
Life Cycle Analysis Role in Improving Food Supply
Questions and Answers
®™Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow
2
2

A Quick Look at Dow
Our Mission
• To passionately innovate what is essential to human progress by providing sustainable solutions to our customers
Key Facts
• Founded in 1897 by Herbert H. Dow in Midland, Michigan, USA
• Supplies a broad range of products and services to customers in approximately 160 countries
• More than 5,000 products manufactured at 188 sites in 35 countries
• Employs ~50,000 people worldwide
• Sales revenue of USD 53.7 billion in 2010
• 2010 R&D spending of USD 1.7 billion
3
3
®™Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow

Packaging – a Strategic Focus for Dow
Flexible Packaging
$81 Billion
Rigid Packaging
$114 Billion
Paper & Board
$145 Billion
Metal, Glass & Other
$160 Billion
Global Packaging Industry = $500 Billion
Source: 2010 Dow estimates
®™Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow
Dow in Packaging:
$
8 billion
• Packaging resins
• Specialty adhesives
• Specialty films
4
4

A Quick Look at Dow
Feeding the World
Life Cycle Analysis Role in Improving Food Supply
Questions and Answers
®™Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow
5
5

We Need More Food on the Global Dinner Table
• Population is growing  200,000 new mouths to feed every night
– Global population will grow by >30% between now and 2050
• Arable land for food production is finite
– Will grow by only 5% by 2050 – mostly in
Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America
• In 2008, homo sapiens became a majority urban species*; most of the world’s food now has to travel great distances from farm to mouth
* According to 2011 State of the World – Innovations that Nourish the Planet, The Worldwatch
Institute, published January 12, 2011
®™Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow
6
6

More Food on the Global Dinner Table
• One-third of the food produced for human consumption in both developing and developed markets – about 1.3 billion tons per year – gets lost or wasted*
100% of food harvested globally
28% lost to postharvest spoilage and animal feed
40% lost in processing, distribution and household handling
• Innovative food packaging can improve both, food preservation and food safety
* Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, May 2011
7
7
®™Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow

More People with Greater Need for Good Packaging
Increasing wealth around the world can lead to increased demands on packaging
– Consumerism
• Easy opening
• Re-closable
• On the go consumption
• Portion Packs
• From freezer to microwave
– Healthy food
– Food safety – increased regulations
8
8
8
®™Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow

Innovative Packaging can be One Answer
Innovative packaging can be
• Lighter and easier to transport
• Preserving food longer than traditional packaging
• Adapted to address specific geographic needs
• Delivering new or added functionality
®™Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow
9
9

A Quick Look at Dow
Feeding the World
Sustainability and Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)
Questions and Answers
®™Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow
10
10

Dow Thoughts on Sustainability
“Sustainability requires making every decision with the future in mind.
It is about our relationship with the world around us – creating economic prosperity and social value while contributing to the preservation of the planet."
11
11

Understanding Sustainability
• Narrow definitions of sustainable products
– Bio-based / renewable
– Compostable / biodegradable
– Recycled
• The problem with these definitions
– Sustainable attributes ≠ sustainability per se
– Traditional products  different sustainable attributes
• Our approach
– Full life cycle thinking = key to understanding sustainable solutions
12
12

Life Cycle Analysis/Thinking
Source: UNEP
13
13

LCA Examines Many Different Parameters
• For example:
– Total energy requirement of the value chain to deliver the functional unit
– Global warming potential (carbon footprint)
• Measures emissions of all greenhouse gases in units of carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2- eq) by weight;
Note: Carbon footprint is just one derived parameter from LCA
– Total system fresh water requirement;
– Ozone depletion potential;
– Acidification potential;
– Photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP);
–
Etc.
Focusing on just one parameter can be misleading!
14
14

Which One is Best?
• Generally, in any LCA comparison, one solution will look better against some parameters and worse against others.
Decisions frequently involve trade-offs
15
15

Packaging
Life cycle thinking & life cycle assessment decision support is crucial
PO
4
3-
CH
4
NOx
CO
2
Reworked graph from L. Lundquist, Nestlé Research Center
Resources
16
16

Consider the Needs of the Entire Product Life Cycle
MATERIALS SUPPLIER
• Energy Efficiency
• Bio-based Materials and/or Additives
• Renewable
Feedstocks
PACKAGE MFRS.
• Easier extrusion
• Reduced scrap
• Down-gauged or
Light-weighted materials
•
•
•
PRODUCT MFRS.
Mfg Efficiency
Faster Packing Speeds
• Improved Product
Protection
Less re-work
DISTRIBUTION AND RETAIL
• Better Food Preservation and
Product Protection
• Lower/Easier Transportation
• Longer Shelf Life
• Reduced Need to Restock
CONSUMERS
• Easier to Open/Close
• Easier to Cook
• Less Refrigeration
• Longer Shelf Life
• Greater Pkg.
Functionality
•
•
END-OF-LIFE
Re-use/Recycle
Recycle-to-Energy
• Chemical
Transformation
• Composting
• Landfil
• Litter/Marine Debris
17
17

Make Lasting Change with Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)
Life cycle thinking is an objective , scientific approach and provides a comprehensive view of a product from cradle to grave:
• It is critical to look at a product’s application and its function.
– It is not appropriate to compare a Kg of one material to a Kg of another material because different materials require different weights.
• A balanced look at end-of-life options is also necessary.
– Being compostable is a desirable attribute where composting is readily available, but could be undesirable if the item is disposed of in a landfill.
• Packaging is part of a product delivery system, not separate from it.
– Reducing the amount of packaging, and then throwing away the product because of damage or spoilage, wastes far more resources.
18
18
®™Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow

LCA Helps Make Better Choices for Beverage Pkg.
Beverage Packaging
• The flexible beverage pouch:
• Consumes ½ the energy of the closest alternative
• Generates 75% less emissions than the closest alternative
• Significantly reduces greenhouse gases released and energy consumed in transport of unfilled packages from converter to filling operation
Beverage
Packaging
Product
Weight
Package
Weight
198.4g
Product/
Packaging
Ratio
Pkg.
Weight per
100g
Product
MSW
Landfill per 100g product
1:1 83.9 g 54.5 g
Energy
Consumption
MJ/8 oz
Emissions
Kg CO
2 e/
8 oz
3.36
0.29
Glass Bottle and
Metal Cap
Plastic PET Bottle and Cap
Aluminum Can
Stand-up Flexible
Pouch
8 ounces
(236 g)
12 ounces
(340 g)
8 ounces
(236 g)
24 ounces
(680 g)
22.7 g
11.3 g
5.7 g
10:1
21:1
35:1
9.6 g
4.7 g
2.8 g
6.0 g
2.4 g
2.8 g
3.00
.99
.45
0.18
0.08
0.02
Source: Flexible Packaging Association; Cradle-to-grave energy consumption and CO
2 emissions data developed by Battelle Memorial Institute
19
19

LCA Helps Make Better Choices for Cereal Pkg.
Package Type Contents
Paperboard and
HDPE Liner
Stand-Up
Pouch
11 oz
12 oz
Landfill
Discards
* (g)
Impact per 100 oz Cereal
Process
GHG**
(kg CO 2 Eq)
Total
Energy**
(MJ)
380.0
.861
12.1
117.5
.265
9.25
Reduction vs Box
Landfill Discards 68%
GHG
Energy
69%
23%
Dow internal calculations based on:
• System boundary: Raw Material
Cradle-to-Gate, plus recycle
• *Discards = package mass – recycle stream
• Cereal box assumptions
― 100% recycled content
― 30% recovered to recycle stream †
• **Lifecycle inventory data sources:
― Paper: Environmental Defensewww.papercalculator.org
― EVA: The Dow Chemical
Company
― Other Plastics: Boustead Model
V5
• †
From The ULS Report, February 2007
20

Plastics LCA Extends Far Beyond Food Packaging
21

®™Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow
22

Conclusion – LCA is the Right Tool for this Industry
Life cycle thinking is an objective , scientific approach and provides a comprehensive view of a product from cradle to grave:
• It is critical to look at a product’s application and its function.
• It provides a balanced look at end-of-life options.
• It provides a tool that can be shared across the value chain and promote better, linked decision making.
23
23

®™Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow
24