A P European History
April 3 Challenge
1.
2.
3.
4.
On a sheet of paper, number one to fifty
Write the letter of the answer you think is correct
Mark it right or wrong when the correct answer shows
At the end, count up correct answers and double the score
Karl Marx believed that the final result of the
socialist revolution would be
a. the "usurpation by the proletariat of the
bourgeois hegemony.“
 b. a "dictatorship of the proletariat.“
c. the "complete inversion of the class
hierarchy.“
d. the "opiate of the masses."
Blaise Pascal, both a theologian and
mathematician, believed that:

a. it is better to believe in God than not to
believe in God
b. the Jansenists were wrong
c. atheists were right and that there is no God
d. traditional religious belief must be
transformed by science
Robert Owen
a. believed that society should be managed
by experts and that wealth not be
redistributed
b. inspired Pierre Joseph Proudhon and the
Anarchist movement of the 1840s
c. was the architect who rebuilt Paris for
Napoleon III
 d.
was the Utopian Socialist who built a
successful industrial environment at New
Lanark, Scotland
England’s ultimate defeat in the Hundred Year’s
War was offset by
a. the death of Joan of Arc
 b.
Columbus’ discovery of the New World
c. the death of Henry V and Charles VII
d. the rebirth of the wool trade in Flanders
When the British Fabian Socialists, Beatrice and
Sidney Webb, spoke of a new civilization in the
1920s and 1930s, they were referring to (the)

a. Soviet Union
b. Fascist Italy
c. Ramsay MacDonald’s Labor Government
d. Nazi Germany
Foundling Hospitals in the eighteenth century
 a.
were homes for orphan children
b. were founded by French aristocrats for
wounded soldiers
c. were the first true hospitals in the modern
sense of the word
d. were dangerous and unhealthy places
where only the poorest people were
treated
Date this picture.
a. 1871
b. 1900
 c. 1916
d. 1925
In the long term, the Columbian exchange
a. brought a lasting decline in population because
of the ravages of diseases such as smallpox.
b. had very little influence on world population
figures.
c. led to economic instability because of a glut of
Chinese silver.
d. increased world population because of the
 spread of new food crops.
The Social Darwinists believed that
a. a sharp distinction had to be made
between the biological and social worlds.
b. only a socialist political and social
structure would keep humans from
destroying themselves.
 c. powerful nations were meant to dominate
weaker societies.
d. human beings had reached the point
where competition among nations was no
longer necessary.
Why did Luther not support the Peasants’ Revolt?
a. He felt no pity for their harsh treatment by the
German nobility
b. The peasants supported Charles V and the
old Catholic prince-bishops

c. Luther’s view of Reformation was not political
but spiritual
d. Luther was afraid that the Catholic party
would win if he backed the peasants.
Aristotle favored polity by which he meant that
a. a ruler with complete authority should
have power in a state.
b. honor and honesty were far more
important than money or fame or political
power.
c. the world we live in is not the only world,
because our world is a pale and imperfect
reflection of a perfect world
that the rule of law should limit popular
 d.
sentiment.
Which of the following statements best describes the
school of Impressionism? Impressionists
a. mostly portrayed religious, mythological and
historical subjects
b. sought the Platonic ideal of perfection
c. were inspired by imagination, folklore, fairy tales,
dreams and other phenomena in opposition to that of
empirical reasoning
d. recorded ordinary people at dance halls, cafes,
 beach parties, working in the fields or picnicking in
the country
Which is in correct order for the French Revolution?
a. National Assembly, Convention, Directory,
Committee of Public Safety
b. Convention, Directory, Committee of Public
Safety, National Assembly
c. Directory, Committee of Public Safety,
Convention, National Assembly

d. National Assembly, Convention, Committee
of Public Safety, Directory
The Ausgleich
a. made Francis Joseph an absolute monarch
in Germany

b. made Francis Joseph king of Hungary
c. was Bismarck’s final blow to Hapsburg
hegemony in Germany
d. was Bismarck’s final triumph in unifying
Germany
When Voltaire urged his readers to "crush the
damned thing" he was talking about
a. the Enlightenment
b. the National Assembly
c. the Roman Catholic Church
d. the Jacobin party
In his book, The Birth of Tragedy, Nietzsche claimed
that
a. to limit human activity to strictly rational

behavior was to impoverish human life.
b. the study of Socrates and the ancient
philosophers held the key to understanding
human societal evolution
c. accommodations with modernism were
possible
d. the certainty of a better life was possible
The American colonies won their independence
a. because the American armies under General
Washington gained the upper hand over the
British armies
b. because the Loyalists either fled to Canada
or joined the rebel side
c. because the Americans were able to hold the
key cities of Boston, New York and
Philadelphia
 d. because British were tired when they weren’t
able to either destroy the Continental Army or
hold much land
He was the founder of Anabaptism which
objected to infant baptism and insisted that only
an adult with fully developed mental faculties
could make such an important spiritual decision.
 a. Conrad Grebel
b. Heinrich Bullinger
c. Ulrich Zwingli
d. Philip of Hesse
What name was given to freed Russian serfs
who became wealthy and successful, whom
Stalin murdered in his Collectivization projects?
a. Cossacks
 b. Kulaks
c. Zemstvos
d. Soviets
Fascism was
a. was deeply influenced by primitive art and
its sense of power and wonder.
b. called for elimination of special privileges for
foreigners and a democratic republican
government based on universal suffrage
c. was the term used by the Bolsheviks when
they seized control of banks, industry and
other privately held commercial properties.
 d. was extremely right wing but also
revolutionary and not afraid of change.
The guiding principles of the French
Revolution were summed up in the phrase
a. "no taxation without representation."
b. "peace, bread, land."
c. "all men are created equal."
 d. "liberty, equality, fraternity."
Louis XIV considered his revocation of the
Edict of Nantes
a. unimportant
b. militarily significant
 c.
his most pious act
d. a necessary evil
This Romantic philosopher said that a set of
ideas called thesis dominate. Then conflicting
ideas called antithesis challenge the thesis.
These two clash and produce a synthesis which
becomes a new thesis
a. Johann Gottfried Herder
b. John Wesley
 c. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
d. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Humanist moral philosophers of the Renaissance
believed that
a. people should withdraw from the world and
dedicate themselves to prayer.
b. the thought of the middle ages was much more
pure than the scandalous ideas of the
Renaissance.
c. people could lead morally virtuous lives while
 participating in the world.
d. the ideals of the Greeks and Romans should be
shunned because they were pagan.
This revolution in thinking began towards the end
of the Renaissance and continued through the late
18th century, the later part being called The
Enlightenment.
a. the Industrial Revolution
b. Romanticism

c. the Scientific Revolution
d. Nationalism
The German leader Otto von Bismarck believed
that the great issues of his day would be
determined by
a. "class struggle."
 b. "blood and iron."
c. "liberty, equality, fraternity."
d. Nationalism
During the Reign of Terror in the French
Revolution, the de-facto dictator of the
Committee of Public Safety was
a. Abbé Sieyès
 b. Maximilien Robespierre
c. Jacques Necker
d. Georges Jacques Danton
The Somme was
a. the battle in 1914 that halted the German
Schlieffen plan.
b. a huge German offensive against the
French lines in 1916.
c. a disastrous Italian defeat which destroyed
any hope for an Italian invasion of Austria.
 d. an English assault in 1916 that gained a
few thousand yards.
After the Glorious Revolution in 1688, William
and Mary recognized a Bill of Rights which
effectually made England a
a. representative democracy

b. limited monarchy
c. absolute monarchy
d. enlightened monarchy
On St. Bartholomew’s Day, August 24th, 1572,
a. Henry of Navarre was assassinated by a
Catholic fanatic.
b. Henry of Navarre issued the Edict of Nantes
 c. over twenty thousand Huguenots were
massacred all across France
d. John Knox published his First Blast of the
Trumpet against the Terrible Regiment of
Women.
In the last twenty five years,
 a.
Europeans are having so few children that
their population is falling
b. Europe has experienced increasing poverty
c. Europeans are having so many children that
their populations are increasing
d. Europe has rejected the idea of a European
Union
John Locke
a. promoted global Catholicism through rigorous
education and political skill.
b. argued that a government appointed by the
king and his ministers for the people was the
best form of government
c. instituted a policy of forced and rapid
modernization in Russia.
 d. argued that the people formed governments
to protect their natural rights and that the best
form of government had limited power and
was accepted by all the citizens.
He not only explained why the planets moved
through space in an orderly manner but also
demonstrated the importance of empirical
(existential) data which came from observation.
a. John Locke
b. Alexander Pope
 c. Isaac Newton
d. Joseph Addison
Modern European feminism emphasizes
a. political equality
 b.
women’s control over their own lives
c. economic equality
d. political and legal equality
The Tennis Court Oath promised
a.to support the king
b.to execute the king and high nobility
 c.to give France a constitution
d.to make the clergy persona non grata
МАКДОНАЛДС is a symbol of
a. Impressionism
b. The Brezhnev Doctrine
 c. Americanization
d. The Khrushchev Era
During the rule of the Directory
a. the Declaration of the Rights of Man and
the Citizen was written.
b. the French Revolution defended itself from
English and Russian invasions
c. the French monarchy was abolished and
replaced by a parliament
 d. the French Revolution moved in a more
conservative direction.
He was perhaps the greatest German writer of
history. His masterpiece was Faust which is the
story of a young man who makes a pact with the
devil only to be saved when he realized that he
must dedicate his life to humanity.
a. Johann Gottfried Herder
b. J. G. Fichte
c. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
 d. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Certitude of Salvation which teaches that God
works to bring about the salvation of individuals
by means of grace and without the cooperation
from the individual was the teaching of
a. Martin Luther
b. Michael Servetus
c. Thomas Cranmer

d. John Calvin
The Locarno Treaties of 1925
a. made Italy feel “cheated” by the peace
settlements
b. increased German bitterness towards the
allies

c. provided that French troops leave the
Rhineland
d. made France feel less secure than ever
This English philosopher was the father of
Empiricism which states that knowledge comes
only or primarily from sensory experience.
a. Nicolas Copernicus
b. Tycho Brahe
c. Isaac Newton
 d. Sir Francis Bacon
During the Age of Exploration, the
marginalization of indigenous peoples was
a. more common in Latin America than in
North America
b. least common in Canada and Peru
 c. common in both North and South
America
d. most common in the United States
Deism
 a. was a belief in the existence of God but a
denial of the supernatural teachings of
Christianity
b. allowed the Huguenots to practice their faith
only in a few specified French cities
c. was a rational analysis of religion rather than
blind obedience to the Christian religion
d. held that kings derive their authority from
God and serve as "God's lieutenants on
earth."
He was a great supporter of right wing Bolshevism
(opposed Trotsky’s collectivization and rapid
industrialization); he was the editor of the official
party newspaper, Pravda and later eliminated by
Stalin in the Great Purge.
a. Boris Yeltsin
 b. Nikolai Bukharin
c. Alexander Solzhenitsyn
d. Nikolai Berdyaev
In the seventeenth century England
 a. evolved into a constitutional monarchy.
b. split from the Catholic church under the
leadership of Henry VIII.
c. became the classic example of an
absolutist state.
d. survived an attempted invasion sent by
the Spanish king Philip II.
The Reformation began as an attempt
 a.
to reform the Catholic Church
b. to crush the Albigensians
c. to spread humanism
d. to curb the power of the rising monarchies
e. to expand the power of the papacy
In 1938 Germany sent troops into _________
and forced its leaders to accept the Anschluss.
a. Poland
 b. Austria
c. Denmark
d. Czechoslovakia
In 1690, he published Reflections on the
Revolution in France in which he argued that the
French Revolution would end disastrously
because it was not rational and ignored the
complexities of human nature and society.

a. Edmund Burke
b. Tadeusz Kosciuszko
c. Thomas Paine
d. Joseph Priestly
A good description of the Protestant
Reformation of the sixteenth century might be
a. the migration of Italian humanism
b. a defense of Scholasticism
c. a reaction to the Council of Trent
 d.
the last gasp of medieval piety
The February Revolution of 1917
a. swept Lenin into power in Russia and led
to the creation of the Soviet Union.
b. resulted in the long-anticipated collapse
of the Ottoman empire.
 c. led to the establishment of a reformminded provisional government in Russia.
d. erupted after the assassination of
Nicholas II.