Direct Sugar to HydroCarbon Route
Synthesized Iso-Paraffins from Hydroprocessed
Fermented Sugars
April 23, 2014 – ABLC Conference
Moving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels
Development and Qualification Panel Discussion
Fernando Garcia
Amyris, Inc.
Senior Director, Scientific and Regulatory Affairs
garcia@amyris.com
Status of SIP Fuel Qualification
 DSHC route produces an Synthesized Iso-Paraffins (SIP) farnesane, for use in
conventional Jet A-1 fuel
• An industrial process combining fermentation and hydroprocessing steps
• A high purity iso-paraffin grade (farnesane) as a blending component for conventional jet fuel
• The neat molecule meets compositional specifications of SPK alternative jet fuel
 Blends of farnesane in conventional jet fuel up to 50% meet the requirements of
Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons from ASTM D7566
• Farnesane improves specific performance of the blends such as the freezing point, the thermal stability
and the net heat of combustion
 Blends of farnesane in conventional jet fuel up to 20% meet the Fit-For-Purpose
requirements described in ASTM D4054
 Engines and aircraft were operated on blends at 10 and 20%
• Data from engine and flight tests show no deviation between blend and baseline Jet A-1
• Data from Honeywell APU and P&W combustor tests support proposed specifications
 Balloting ASTM approval for the use of farnesane at 10% blend in conventional jet fuel
• Research Report has been successfully balloted
• Presently balloting new Annex to ASTM D7566
2
Moving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels Development and Qualification Panel Discussion, April 23, 2014
Amyris - Total partnership since June 2010
A specific partnership model to develop the value chain integrated from biomass
to finished products
Pre-treatment
Biomass
Fermentable
raw materials
Fermentation
Molecules
CiHj
Downstream
Processing
Products
 Synergy: assemble complementary technology, industrial and business capabilities
Feedstock
sourcing
Synthetic
biology
Fermentation and
chemical processes
Trading &
marketing
Fuels
1st generation in
Brazil on sugar cane
Bio-engineering of
micro-organisms
Track record for
strain improvement
Competitive
molecules
Leading to 2nd
generation
R&D network
Scale-up and
industrial chemistry
Access to markets
 Differentiating technology: broad R&D collaboration (~$100M)
 Lab-to-market development: joint industrialization & commercialization
3
Special fluids
Lubricants Chemicals
Moving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels Development and Qualification Panel Discussion, April 23, 2014
Manufacturing process based on common industrial
steps
Purification
 Fermentation
 Microbe-catalyzed conversion of sugar: key is the development of a
farnesene producing yeast
 Production to date: >4 million liters of farnesene precursor
 Farnesene plant with a capacity of up to 50 million liters per year at
target efficiency in Brotas, Brazil
 Downstream processing
•
•
•
Combination of hydroprocessing and
separation operations
Production to date: ~2 million liters of
farnesane for diesel application
Using diesel process slightly modified,
farnesane aviation grade production to
date for ASTM test purposes: ~ 30,000
liters
4 Moving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels Development and Qualification Panel Discussion, April 23, 2014
Testing Collaboration with Industry
 SNECMA SaM146 engine test
Performances, cold and hot starts and sub-idle & off-idle tests data
did not present significant deviation between 10% blend and Jet A-1
 Lufthansa CFM56 engine test
The study concluded that in emission terms the farnesane blends
perform similar to or better than the reference kerosene. In particle
mass there is a clear reduction at all test points by increasing
farnesane content. In performance terms, the farnesane blends
perform similar to the reference kerosene.
 Airbus experimental flights (A321 with CFM56-5B)
The engine, supplied with the 10% blend, performed exactly like the
x-wing sister engine fed with pure Jet A-1
 APU (Honeywell ) and Combustor tests (P&W) funding
by DOT/FAA CLEEN)
Analysis of fuel droplet size, ignition characteristics with combustor
rigs, and APU cold and altitude starting in test chamber.
5 Moving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels Development and Qualification Panel Discussion, April 23, 2014
Commitment to Quality
 Air Total
• High-quality aviation fuels, under the most stringent Safety and Environmental
standards
• Complete range of services dedicated to aviation (technical inspections, refueling
cards, etc.)
 SIP Fuel Assays
•
19 assays with 30 characteristics
•
Only nine assays are common with commercial Jet A-1
•
Qualifying labs that run GC farnesane purity
 Process Quality Control Plan (QCP)
An end-to-end (Farnesene-to-Jet Grade Fane Delivery) QCP has been developed,
reviewed with the Total Quality team and is currently being implemented at Brazil
operations based on ‘guard banding’ the Product specs by 3*Sigma of assay variation
6
Moving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels Development and Qualification Panel Discussion, April 23, 2014
Commitment to Quality: 3rd Party Lab Validation
 Safety Assessment
 ISO 17025 Section 4: Management Requirements
Management & document control systems, NCR processes (including cause analysis,
CAPA implementation and monitoring), training processes and records, internal/external
audits
 ISO 17025 Section 5: Technical Requirements
SQC documentation, analyst expertise, instrumentation, maintenance programs, calibration
processes, data records, test report formats and review process, data control, OOC
processes
 Test Method Performance
Capability per ASTM Requirements:
- Repeatability: based on replicate analysis
- Reproducibility: based on inter-lab round robin assessment & SQC charts
Moving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels Development and Qualification Panel Discussion, April 23, 2014
Amyris and Total contacts
8
 AMYRIS: garcia@amyris.com
 TOTAL: olivier.rolland@total.com
Moving Forward with Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuels Development and Qualification Panel Discussion, April23, 2014