The 21st Century Internet—
California's New Critical Infrastructure
Keynote Address
California Council on Science and Technology
Sacramento, CA
May 22, 2002
Dr. Larry Smarr
Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and
Information Technologies
Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering
Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD
California’s Institutes for Science and Innovation
Are New Network Drivers
California Institute for Bioengineering,
Biotechnology,
and Quantitative Biomedical Research
UCD
UCSF
Center for
Information Technology Research
in the Interest of Society
UCM
UCB
California
NanoSystems Institute
UCSC
UCSB
UCLA
UCI
California Institute for
Telecommunications and
Information Technology
UCSD
www.ucop.edu/california-institutes
Cal-(IT)2 -- An Integrated Approach
to Research on the Future of the Internet
220 UCSD & UCI Faculty
Working in Multidisciplinary Teams
With Students, Industry, and the Community
Over Fifty Industrial Partners
SDSU is an Academic Partner
www.calit2.net
Cal-(IT)2 Will “Live in the Future”
of the “Always-On” Internet
• Wireless Access--Anywhere, Anytime
– Broadband Speeds
– Cellular Interoperating with Wi-Fi
• Billions of New Wireless Internet End Points
– Information Appliances (Including Cell Phones)
– Sensors and Actuators
– Embedded Processors
• In Search of New Applications and Services
– Civilian
– Scientific and Engineering Research
– Commercial Business
– Military
– External Defense
– Homeland Security
How Can the “Future Internet” Enhance
Capabilities for Homeland Security?
• Three Tier System
– Wireless SensorNets Brings Data to Repositories
– Collaborative Crisis Management Data Centers
– Remote Wireless Devices Interrogate Databases
• Building a “Living-in-the-Future” Laboratory
– UCSD, UCI, and SDSU Campuses
– San Diego, Orange County, Cross Border
– California Office of Emergency Services
Soon The Internet Will Be Available
Throughout the Physical World
Subscribers (millions)
2,000
1,800
1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
Mobile Internet
800
600
400
Fixed Internet
200
0
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
Source: Ericsson
2004
2005
Using Students to Invent the Future
of Widespread Use of Wireless Pocket PCs
• Year- Long “Living Laboratory” Experiment 2001-02
– Computer Science & Engineering Undergraduates
– 500+ Wireless-Enabled HP Pocket PCs at UC San Diego
– 50 Compaq Pocket PCs at UC Irvine
• Currently Using Local Area Network Wireless Internet
• Experiments with Geo-location and Interactive Maps
UC Irvine
UC San Diego
Cal-(IT)2 Team: Bill Griswold, Gabriele Wienhausen, UCSD; Rajesh Gupta, UCI
Digital Tele-Viewer: Extension 1
DTV on PDA: High Portability
• Interactive Video into a
Handheld PDA
– 802.11 network access
– C++/Java based
– Pocket PC or Palm Pilot
Commercialization of Advanced Technology for
Home Land Security Project, May 2002
Source: Mohan Trivedi, UC San Diego
Initial Steps Toward
Providing Public IP Tone
Bandwidth Bay, MetroConnect,
San Diego Telecom Council, AirShare.org, …
Hot Spot
Hot Zone
Source:Matt Spathas, SENTRE Partners
Wireless Internet is Moving
Throughout The Physical World
• First US Taste of 3G Cellular Internet
– UCSD Jacobs School Antenna
– First Beta Test Site
• Linking to 802.11 Mobile “Bubble”
– Tested on CyberShuttle
– Joint Project with Campus
– From Railway to Campus at 65 mph!
Rooftop Qualcomm
1xEV Access Point
www.calit2.net/news/2002/4-2-bbus.html
Creating a Mobile Bubble
With a Briefcase…
Putting Automobiles on the Internet
• ZEVNET Launched April 18, 2002
– 50 Toyota Zero Emission Vehicles (ZEV)
– Telematics Adds GPS Tracking, Wireless, Sensors
• Campus Partnering for Implementation:
– UC Irvine’s Institution of Transportation Studies
– UCSD Computer Vision and Robotics Research
“Cal-(IT)2 Living Laboratory”
Source: Will Recker, UCI
Using the FCC Unlicensed Band
to Create a High Speed Wireless Backbone
• The High Performance
Wireless Research and
Education Network
• A Cal-(IT)2
Academic Partner
• Enabling a Broad Set of
Science Applications and
Crisis Management
NSF Funded
PI, Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC
Co-PI, Frank Vernon, SIO
45mbps Duplex Backbone
• Allows for SensorNet
Deployment to Remote
Locations
http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/topo.html
HPWREN Project Demo of Fast Setup
Wireless Internet for Crisis Response
A Cal-(IT)2
Academic
Partner
http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/Presentations/HPWREN/Slide26.JPG
Multi-Sensor Data Fusion Control Rooms
Will Integrate SensorNets with Legacy Data
• Integrate
–
–
–
–
–
–
Situational Awareness
Common Operational Picture
Local Data Warehouse with Remote Data Access
AI Data Mining of Distributed Databases
Spatial Data Analysis
Consequences Assessment Tool Set
Source: Panoram Technologies
Getting The Total Operational Picture
Source:
Cal OES
Developing Optically Linked Distributed
Analysis, Command, & Control Centers
• Driven by SensorNets Data
– Emergency Response
– Real Time Seismic
– Environmental Monitoring
• Linked UCSD and SDSU
– Dedication March 4, 2002
• Next Step—Link to OES
Situation Room Sacramento
Linking Control Rooms
UCSD
SDSU
44 Miles of Cox Fiber
Cox, Panoram,
SAIC, SGI, IBM,
TeraBurst Networks
SD Telecom Council
CENIC and CISI Plan to Create CalREN-XD
An Experimental and Research Network
Portland
CENIC/Carrier POP
Seattle
UCD
Carrier OpAmp Site
UCD Med Ctr
Sacramento
UCB
Backbone Carrier Fiber
Emeryville
LBNL
UCSF
Mission Bay
Optional Carrier Fiber
San
Francisco
LLNL
Denver
Stanford
Palo
Alto
SLAC
NASA
Ames
Campus
Research
Park
Sunnyvale
UCSB
CalTech
Campus Network MPOE
JPL
Santa
Barbara
Campus Fiber
UCLA
Los Angeles
818 W 7th
UCR
Last Mile Fiber
USC
Anaheim
Santa Fe
ISI
Qwest SD
1.5 Miles est.
UCSD
SDSU
SDSC
4 Miles est.
SPAWAR
Pt Loma
Future Last Mile Fiber
Backbone 10Gig 
UCI
Thornton and
VA Hospitals
Campus-MAN Demark
Hillcrest
Hospital
Pacific Light Rail 10G 
Exploring the Future of SensorNets
February 20-21, 2002
Sponsored by Cal-(IT)2 and UCSD
www.soe.ucsd.edu/Research_Review/
Environmental SensorNets
• Air and Water Pollution Sensor Development
– Lead is Michael Sailor, UCSD Chemistry
– Initially Temperature, Humidity, CO
– Later Add CO2, Ozone, NOx
• Wireless Internet Prototyping Sites
– UCSD Campus
– SDSU’s Santa Margarita
– Ecological Reserve
– Rapid Prototyping Site
– Linked to UCSD via HPWREN
• Testbed for Homeland Security
Sarin Nerve Agent Detector,
Mike Sailor, UCSD
Link in ROADnet—Bringing SensorNets to
the Dirt Roads and the High Seas
• High Bandwidth Wireless Internet
– Linking Sensors for:
– Seismology
– Oceanography
– Climate
– Hydrology
– Ecology
– Geodesy
– Real-Time Data Management
• Joint Collaboration Between:
–
–
–
–
–
SIO / IGPP
UCSD
SDSC / HPWREN
SDSU
Cal-(IT)2
R/V Revelle
in Lyttleton, NZ
Santa Margarita
Ecological Reserve
http://roadnet.ucsd.edu/
Wireless Internet SensorNets Enable
Real-Time Monitoring of Bridges and Buildings
Local
Data Hub
Wireless
Internet
Control
Center
PC104
Data-Loggers
Source: Maria Feng
UCI Civil & Environmental Engineering
Users
Caltrans
UCSD
UCI
Sensor
Sensor
Data
Mining
Distributed Interactive Video Arrays
Coronado Bridge Demonstration May 15, 2002
UCSD
~3 miles
Mt. Soledad
~12 miles
Coronado Bridge
• UCSD Team Members
–
–
–
–
ROADnet Team
SDSC, HPWREN
SIO, Seismic Sensors
Structural Engineering,
Bridge Sensors
– CVRR Lab, Video Arrays
• ONR, SPAWAR
Source: Mohan Trivedi, UC San Diego
The Equipment Needed to Set Up
a Multi-Function SensorNet
http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/news/020524.html
Putting the Coronado Bridge On-line
With the HPWREN
http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/news/020524.html
Multi-Media Control Room
UCSD Computer Vision and Robotics Research Lab
http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/news/020524.html
Prototyping an Early Warning System for
Developing Emergency Situations
• Goal: Correlate E911 Phone Calls With Other Emergency Data
• Universal Emergency Telephone Number 9-1-1
– State Collects Data on Use of 9-1-1 but Only Reported Monthly
– Approx. 60,000 - 80,000 9-1-1 Calls/Day in CA
– Project Goal--Generate Immediate, Dynamic Information Map
– Integrate with Hospital, Seismic, and Other Data Sources
• Pilot Project Proposed to NSF
– Partnership for Management and Analysis of Real-Time Data in
Emergency Response Applications
– Spatial Analysis of 9-1-1 Automatic Location Indicator (ALI) Data
– With Complementary Event Data in Real-Time
– (e.g. Real-time Seismic Data, Hospital Data)
•
Partners
– State - Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (OES)
– UCSD - SIO / SDSC / Cal-(IT)2
– Industry – Public Safety Network, Polexis, Verizon
Data and Knowledge Systems
Are the Heart of Crisis Management
The SDSC/Cal-(IT)2
Knowledge and Data
Engineering
Laboratory
Sensornets—Real-Time Data
• ROADNet
• ActiveCampus
• Health of Civil Infrastructure
• AUTONET
Web Portal
Customized to User Device
Visualization
Data Mining, Simulation Modeling,
Analysis, Data Fusion
Knowledge-Based Integration
Advanced Query Processing
Database Systems, Grid Storage,
Filesystems
High speed networking
Networked Storage (SAN)
Storage hardware
Source: Chaitan Baru, SDSC
Data Mining Across Agency Stovepipes
Is an Essential Next Step
INFORMATION
SOURCES
CRIMINAL
JUSTICE
EMERGENCY
RESPONSE
Federal
State
Local
INTEGRATED
INTELLIGENCE
SYSTEM
PUBLIC
HEALTH
SECURITY
Cal-(IT)2 is Partnering With SAIC and Campuses
On Emergency Preparedness Plan
Improving Emergency Response
With the “Always-On Internet”
Transportation Assets
With Mobile Internet
Bubble
2-Way Telemedicine
Control Room
GPS Tracking
High Bandwidth
Hot Zone
Hospital #1
WMD Attack
Prevailing wind
Stadium
First Responder PDAs
Electronic
record of
field care
Incident
command
center
Field
Treatment
Station
Mobile Bubbles
Patient RF IDs
Transport
station
Compromised
Transportation
Corridor
Warm
zone
Hospital #2
Source: Dr. Leslie Lenert, UCSD SOM