Architecture in
Poland
Pre-Romanesque Architecture
The oldest pre-Romanesque
architectural monuments are
traces of X century discovered on a
Salvator hill in Cracow, the
remnants of the rotunda of St. Felix
on Wawel Hill, the ruins in Ostrów
Lednicki near Gniezno.
The ruins in Ostrów
Lednicki near Gniezno
Salwator in Cracow
Romanesque architecture
Romanesque architecture spread in
XI-XIII century.; preserved primarily
religious monuments: churches and
monasteries in Kraków, Strzelno,
Tum, Czerwiensk, Opatów.
Collegiate in Tum
Saint Procop’s rotunda
in Strzelno
Gothic architecture
At the beginning of the thirteenth
century began to popularize the
Gothic architecture. Monuments of
Gothic architecture include Cathedral
in Wroclaw, Wawel Cathedral, town
halls in Wroclaw and Torun, Artus
Court, the castle in Malbork.
Cathedral in Wrocław
Artus's Court in
Gdańsk
Renaissance architecture
Monuments of Renaissance
architecture include Zygmunt's
Chapel, attics and arcade
courtyards at Wawel, town halls in
Poznan, Sandomierz, town houses
and defensive walls in Gdansk.
Defensive walls in
Gdańsk
Zygmunt's Chapel on
Wawel
Baroque architecture
Residence of John III
Sobieski in Wilanów and Aula
Leopoldina in Wroclaw are in the
style of Baroque architecture.
Residence of Jan III
Sobieski in Wilanów
The Aula Leopoldina in
Wrocław
Rococo architectural
Rococo architecture monuments are
Saxon Gardens, Palace Brühl, rural
manor houses, the facade of the
Belvedere Palace, the Grand Theatre in
Warsaw and most of all tenement
houses Krakow, Poznan, Gdansk,
Wroclaw.
The Grand Theatre in
Warsaw
Saxon Gardens in Warsaw
Palace Brühl
Modernist Architecture
Modernist
Architecture (30s
XXcentury) use
decorations instead
of appropriable
advantages (Palace
of Culture and
Science, Constitution
Square).
Palace of Culture and
Science
Craft in Poland
Ceramics
Ceramics is one of the oldest handicrafts.
Blacksmithing
Blacksmithing is profession that involves the creation of (forging), metal objects, eg.
Kettles, horseshoes, nails, tools, weapons. The most common artistic blacksmith
products are:
- fences
- balcony's railings,
- window's bars,
- gates and gate input,
- other ornaments.
Saddler
Saddler is a craftsman who makes leather
saddles for horses.
Tailor
Tailor – craftsman who sews
(by hand - needle or machine) women's men's and children's
underwear and spring, autumn and winter clothing.
Carpenter
Carpenter - it's a profession associated with the processing of
wood. Carpenter makes the elements of construction or parts of
equipment.
Cooperage
Cooperage - department of craft dealing with the production of
wooden crockery stave technique : barrels, vats, tubs, churns,
bowl and blades for bread, watering can, buckets, bathtubs,
mugs.
Roofer
Roofer - a craftsman dealing with repairing and
overlaping roofs by roofing materials: shingles, metal
roofing shingles.
Carpenter
Carpenter -craftsman who makes wooden furniture and everyday objects. Carpenter
should have manual dexterity. It must also be able to match the different types of
wood, and firmly connect the elements with glue, nails and steel screws.
Shoemaker
Shoemaker – A craftsman who makes, designs
and repairs footwear.