TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Chapter 26, Section 1: Computer and
Technology Revolutions
Curriculum Standard:
Review the role of the
United States as a
participant in the global
economy (trade
agreements, international
competition, impact on
American labor,
environmental concerns).
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Chapter 26, Section 1: The Computer and Technology Revolutions
(Page 848-852)
A – Technology Changes American Life (page 848)
Q: What was the impact of the personal computer?
B – A Communications Revolution (page 849)
Q: How did new technology revolutionize communications?
C – A Changing American Economy (page 850)
Q: Use the illustration above to describe the impact of globalization.
D – Red Heading: Computers Transform Workplaces (page 851)
Q: How has globalization affected the American economy?
E – Summary of Section
Q: How have technological changes and globalization transformed the
American economy?
First, read your section in your group (A-E). Define any key terms in
your section, take about 3 to 4 main points (detailed) summarizing
your section and answer your focus question (15 mins).
Then, your teams will change (1-5), each member gets a few
minutes to explain their section of the text to their new members
while the others take notes (20 mins). There will be an exit ticket
containing questions from each section of the text. (5 mins)
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Focus Question Answers:
A. The computer became accessible to millions of people in
many places and situations. The same technology led to other
technologies, including biotechnology, cellular telephones, and
digital cameras.
B. The internet and the use of satellites made communication
global and almost instantaneous.
C. Businesses now make and sell their products around the
world. Changed the way corporations are structured and how
people shop. They can buy a product on the internet and have
it shipped to another country. Workers and consumers need
to learn how to communicate with other nations.
D. It has fostered entrepreneurship, created new jobs in the
service industry, and led to a decrease in manufacturing jobs.
E. Now a service economy; nation is more connected to
economies and societies around the world. New service jobs
are creased while manufacturing jobs decline.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Exit Ticket – worth 10 formative points:
1. What was the impact of the personal computer?
a. Everyone made an Instagram account; Millions of followers!!
b. Computers became accessible to millions of people in different places
c. The same technology led to other technologies (biotechnology, cellular)
d. Both B & C are correct
2. How did new technology revolutionize communications?
a. The internet and the use of satellites made communication instantaneous
b. The internet and the use of satellites made communication global
c. Both A & B are correct
d. N/A – Both A & B are incorrect
3. How did globalization impact and reshape the ways of the doing business?
a. Products could be sold on the internet and shipped to other countries
b. Businesses no longer make and sell their products around the world
c. Workers and consumers don’t need to learn how to communicate
d. Both A & B are correct
4. How has globalization affected the American economy?
a. No new jobs were created
b. Decrease in manufacturing jobs
c. Entrepreneurship ceased
d. Both B & C are correct
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Chapter 26, Section 1: Computer and
Technology Revolutions
Curriculum Standard:
Review the role of the
United States as a
participant in the global
economy (trade
agreements, international
competition, impact on
American labor,
environmental concerns).
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
How have technological changes
and globalization transformed the
American economy?
The rate of technological change sped up
during the twentieth century and touched
every aspect of life.
Globalization changed the American economy,
bringing new opportunities and challenges.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The twentieth century unfolded in a whirl of new
technology.
Perhaps no innovation
was as significant as
the computer.
The first modern
computer was
invented in 1946.
The development of the silicon microchip made personal
computers possible.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
By the 1980s, computers were transforming
American business and everyday life.
Technological
advances made
other electronics,
such as video games
and cell phones,
possible.
Apple Computers
and Microsoft made
computers and
software affordable
for millions of
Americans.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
New communications technologies enabled
companies to do business around the world.
Multinational
Corporation −
companies that
produce and sell their
goods and services all
over the world.
Globalization – the process
by which national economies,
politics, cultures, and societies
become integrated with those
of other nations around the
world
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
There are both positive and
negative consequences to
globalization.
Working with a partner, try to
develop a list for both. I’ll give
extra credit to the team with the
most legitimate ideas.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Service Economy −
an economic system
based on the buying
and selling of services.
Workers in many
different fields are
finding that they now
need computer skills
to get jobs.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The U.S. transition to a service economy created
opportunities for entrepreneurs like Ray Kroc, who
franchised McDonald’s in 1955, and Sam Walton,
who created Wal-Mart.
However, as manufacturing and
production declined in the United
States, so did organized labor.
Union membership fell from a high of 35 percent
in 1945 to less than 15 percent in 2000.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Changes to American Society
Biotechnology
involves the use of
technology to solve
problems affecting
living organisms:
• Revolutionary
advances in
healthcare
• New agricultural
technologies led to
larger and more
productive farms
People began to live longer, healthier
lives, and the labor force dramatically
shifted away from agriculture.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The late twentieth century became
known as the “information age.”
Computers, cell phones, and
satellites made
communication and
information access fast
and easy.
The Internet, a worldwide
network of computers,
transformed business,
education, and entertainment.
Today the internet is increasingly available in more ways,
including on mobile devices. This technology continues to
transform American life at school, work, and home.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Please complete page 212 in
your workbook – Chapter 26,
Section 1!
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Chapter 26, Section 2: The Clinton
Administration
Curriculum Standard:
Analyze the effects of
foreign and domestic
terrorism on the
American people.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
What were the successes and failures
of the Clinton presidency?
The conservative resurgence in the 1980s kept
Republicans in control of the White House for
12 years.
The 1992 election of moderate Democrat
William Jefferson Clinton signaled that
Americans were ready for a change.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
President George H.W. Bush
could not sustain his
popularity after the Gulf War.
•
The American economy had gone
into recession.
•
The federal deficit rose.
•
Bush broke his promise to not
increase taxes.
•
Saddam Hussein was still in power
and threatening the Middle East.
During the 1992
election, voters
responded by
nominating a
centrist candidate,
Democrat William
Jefferson Clinton.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
• From humble roots, Clinton
worked his way up to become
governor of Arkansas.
• He labeled himself a “New
Democrat,” and his campaign
focused on policies to satisfy
both liberals and
conservatives.
• He ran against President Bush
and independent candidate
H. Ross Perot, a self-funded
businessman who promised
to run the government like a
business.
In 1992, Bill Clinton
was elected President,
defeating Republican
incumbent George
H.W. Bush.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
When Clinton took office, the Democrats also
controlled both houses of Congress.
One of his first acts was to sign the Family
Medical Leave Act, guaranteeing employees
unpaid leave in the event of a health crisis.
He also increased the minimum wage, made
college loans easier to obtain, and expanded
tax credits for higher education.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Clinton addressed the issue of gun violence by
signing the Brady Bill in 1993.
But violence
still shook the
nation, with the
Oklahoma City
bombing in
1995 and the
Columbine High
School
shootings
in 1999.
In response, stiff laws were passed to deter terrorism, and
schools adopted “zero tolerance” measures against violence.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Clinton also attempted to reform healthcare.
A task force, led
by First Lady
Hillary Clinton,
was formed to
develop a
program that
would guarantee
care for all
Americans.
But Clinton
overestimated
popular support
for the initiative;
most Americans
thought it was
too complicated.
The healthcare
reform bill was
widely criticized,
and it was
dropped after a
year of debate.
This setback, two years into Clinton’s term, signaled a
turning point in his popularity, and Republicans responded.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Led by Congressman Newt Gingrich, the Republicans
set forth a plan called the Contract With America.
The contract’s
message created
strong voter turnout
among Republicans in
1994.
For the first time in 40 years, the Republicans
won control of the House and the Senate.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
In 1995, Congress refused to pass Clinton’s budget.
As a result, the government shut down for a time.
Congress passed most
provisions of the
Contract With
America, but some of
Gingrich’s ideas were
unpopular, such as
cutting Medicare.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Clinton used some conservative ideas, such as
balancing the federal budget and reducing the
deficit, during his 1996 bid for reelection.
A sustained period of economic growth in the
mid-1990s helped Clinton win reelection by a
wide margin.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
But Clinton’s presidency was also
marred by scandal.
In 1994, Clinton was investigated by a special
federal prosecutor, Kenneth Starr, regarding
an Arkansas real estate investment.
In 1998, Clinton was investigated again regarding
his relationship with a White House intern. Under
oath, he denied that the two had an affair. Later,
he admitted he had lied. The House impeached
him in 1998.
After a Senate trial in early 1999, Clinton was
acquitted on both counts.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Please complete page 214 in your
workbook – Chapter 26, Section 2.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Chapter 26, Section 3: Global Politics
and Economics in the 1990s
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
What role did the United States take
on in global politics and economics
following the Cold War?
After the Cold War ended, the United States
carved out a new role in a world of
globalization and increasing regional conflict.
No longer defined by an opposition to
communism, America faced this new era
under the leadership of President Clinton.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
A world economic leader, the U.S. supported free
trade blocs and promoted globalization.
• Under Clinton’s watch, the United States
agreed to the North American Free
Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the North
American response to Europe’s
European Union (EU), in 1994.
• But many groups opposed NAFTA,
saying it would take jobs away from the
United States and hurt the environment.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Trade between the United States, Canada, and
Mexico increased between 1990 and 2000.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Clinton signed 270 free trade agreements,
including GATT and the accords of the
World Trade Organization (WTO).
Although critics
continued to raise
concerns over these
agreements, most
people agree that
economic globalization
has had positive
effects.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
With the Cold War over, the United States
had to redefine its role in the world.
It took a primary role in
financing and managing
the World Bank, which
helps developing
nations with issues such
as healthcare, human
rights, and poverty.
The United States believes that developing countries
with stable economies are vital to its own security.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
U.S. Military Intervention
in the 1990s
Many Americans favored
economic support for
foreign countries. Just as
many feared lending
military support to
embattled nations.
But Clinton felt
several conflicts
demanded U.S
intervention.
1992 – Somalia
1994 – Haiti
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Conflict in the Middle East increased in the 1990s.
Fighting between the Israelis
and Palestinians became
more violent, threatening to
destabilize the entire region.
In 2000, Clinton brought
Palestinian leader Yasir
Arafat and Israeli leader
Ehud Barak to Camp David
to broker a peace agreement
between them. It was not
successful.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The United States became a target of
Middle Eastern extremists.
A terrorist group called al Qaeda exploded a bomb in
the World Trade Center in New York City in 1993.
The group also set off bombs, killing more than 225
people at American embassies in Kenya and Tanzania.
In 2000, they attacked the USS Cole, a warship
anchored off Yemen, killing 17 American sailors.
American leaders learned that fighting
terrorism would be extremely difficult.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Please complete workbook page
216 and 218!
Chapter 26, Section 3 &
Chapter 26, Section 4.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Chapter 26, Section 4: The Bush and
Obama Presidencies
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
What was the impact of the terrorist
attack against the United States and the
2008 financial crisis?
With the election of George W. Bush to the
presidency in 2000, Republicans controlled the
White House and Congress.
When the United States was attacked by
terrorists on September 11, 2001, Bush
moved the nation in a new direction. But a
severe financial crisis paved the way for the
election of Barack Obama.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
As Clinton’s second term neared its end in
2000, his Vice President, Democrat Al Gore,
ran for President against Republican George
W. Bush.
Although Gore won more popular votes than
Bush, the electoral vote margin was too
close to call.
The election depended on Florida’s
25 electoral votes.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Because the vote in
Florida was so
close, state law
mandated an
automatic recount.
The Supreme Court case of Bush v. Gore
ended the recount. Bush was declared President.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Bush pursued an aggressive conservative agenda
when he took office.
• He passed a series of tax
cuts.
• Bush promoted the 2002 No
Child Left Behind Act to
raise national academic
standards.
• In 2003, despite criticism,
Bush worked with Congress
to extend Medicare to cover
prescription drugs for
seniors.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
September 11, 2001
Then something happened
that challenged the new
President and led to a shift
in U.S. foreign policy.
On September 11, 2001,
terrorists hijacked and
crashed four airplanes.
Two planes hit the World
Trade Center in New York
City. More than 3,000
people died as the twin
towers collapsed.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
In response, the United States began
a “war on terror.”
Bush first focused on the terrorists who perpetrated 9/11.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Osama bin Laden, leader of the al Qaeda network,
was thought to be hiding in Afghanistan, where the
Taliban allowed him to operate.
The United States
and its allies sent
forces to
Afghanistan and
overthrew the
Taliban.
Bin Laden escaped
capture.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
President Bush worked to prevent future
terrorist attacks.
Congress passed the Patriot Act.
Critics claimed it violated civil
liberties.
The new Department of Homeland
Security coordinated security matters
among federal, state, and local
agencies.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Bush then turned his
attention to Iraq, where
many feared Saddam
Hussein was stockpiling
Weapons of Mass
Destruction (WMD).
In 2003, American
and British forces
invaded Iraq.
Saddam and many of his supporters
were captured.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Many Americans were troubled by the war,
terrorism, and the budget as they cast their votes
in the 2004 election.
Bush won reelection, but the United States seemed to
be returning to a country of deep political divisions.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The Iraq war continued in Bush’s second term.
Although Saddam was
overthrown, fighting broke
out among three rival
groups in Iraq. The country
was consumed by chaos.
In 2008, a Senate
Intelligence Committee
report determined that
there was no credible
evidence to support claims
that Iraq was developing
Critics of Bush said he had
WMDs or had ties to
misled Congress and the
terrorist groups.
American people.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Meanwhile, President Bush faced domestic
challenges.
In 2005,
Hurricane Katrina
devastated the
U.S. Gulf Coast.
Federal response to
the disaster was slow.
Discontent with the
administration grew.
The 2006 midterm elections gave control
of the House and the Senate back to the
Democrats.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
In 2008, Americans faced an economic crisis
centered on the financial industry.
The American
economy entered
a recession in
2007. Unemployed
Americans who
couldn’t pay their
mortgages faced
foreclosure.
Housing prices
fell, and
mortgagerelated
investments lost
value. Several
investment firms
collapsed or
were sold.
In September
2008, the stock
market plunged.
The Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) was implemented
to bail out the banks and prevent financial meltdown.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The 2008 presidential election broke new
ground in American politics.
Democratic senator
Barack Obama of
Illinois was a
graduate of Harvard
Law School. He had
been a community
organizer in Chicago
and a state senator
in Illinois.
Republican senator
John McCain of
Arizona served as a
pilot in Vietnam,
and had been a
prisoner of war. He
was first elected to
Congress in 1982.
Barack Obama won the election, becoming the first
African American President of the United States.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Upon entering office, President Obama
addressed domestic issues.
• The American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act was a stimulus
package designed to pump money
into the economy.
• In 2009, legislation was passed
overhauling the nation’s healthcare
system. It included coverage for the
46 million uninsured Americans, and
prevented denial of coverage for
pre-existing conditions.
Some opposed the healthcare plan, saying it cost too much
and gave the federal government too much power.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Obama also addressed the war in Iraq.
• In August 2010 the President announced
that the American mission in Iraq had
ended.
• More than 4,000 troops had been killed
in the war and over 31,000 wounded.
• 50,000 American troops stayed behind in
support roles.
• Thanks to a troop surge, Iraq was
significantly more stable, although acts
of terrorism continued.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
At the same time, Obama increased the
American military presence in Afghanistan.
American
forces focused
their efforts on
the Taliban in
Afghanistan
and their allies
in Pakistan.
In May 2011,
al Qaeda
leader Osama
bin Laden was
killed by U.S.
Navy SEALS
who raided his
compound in
Pakistan.
The
mastermind of
the 9/11
attacks was
dead. However,
Americans
knew that bin
Laden’s death
did not end the
threat of
terrorism.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
As the 2010 elections approached, the
nation seemed increasingly divided.
Many Americans supported Obama, while others
were angered by his actions.
The Tea Party Movement wanted to reduce the
size and scope of the federal government. They ran
as Republicans but also criticized Republicans as big
spenders.
Republicans won control of the House and Senate in
the 2010 congressional elections.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Chapter 26, Section 5: Society in the
1990s–2000s
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
How was American society
changing at the beginning of the
twenty-first century?
As it entered the 21st century, American
society looked different and faced
different challenges than it had during the
previous century.
The nation looked for ways to preserve its
heritage while adapting to rapid change.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
In the late 20th century, American immigration
policy changed as limits were relaxed.
The Immigration
Act of 1990
increased quotas by
40 percent and eased
most remaining
restrictions on
immigration.
Naturalization ceremony
One million new immigrants came to America.
Immigrants are now 10 percent of the total population.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Most of the new
immigrants were
Latinos from Mexico
and Central America.
The second largest group
of immigrants was Asian,
the majority of whom
settled in California.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
However, immigration had been a
topic of longstanding debate.
• One issue was
bilingual
education. Many
people thought all
immigrants should
learn English.
• Another was illegal
immigration. The
Immigration
Reform and
Control Act of
1986 was designed
to stop the flow of
illegal immigrants.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Meanwhile, Americans moved in large numbers
to the coasts and warmer regions of the country
in the South and Southwest.
At the same time, the structure of families changed.
Divorce became more common, and both parents
often worked outside the home.
Many more babies were born to single mothers.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Affirmative action, introduced in the 1960s,
remained hotly debated as a means to improve
opportunities for minorities and women.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
African Americans and women made social
and political gains.
Legislation enforcing equal pay
for equal work and punishment
for sexual harassment was
passed.
The Violence Against Women Act passed in
1994.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Education policy took center stage as the merits
of standardized testing were debated.
Some felt it was
a good way to
hold schools
accountable.
Others felt it
wasn’t a good
way to measure
knowledge.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Americans now live longer, and the elderly exert more
influence than they did just 100 years ago.
The demographic
shift to an older
population has also
strained the Social
Security and
Medicare systems.
President Bush
proposed
privatizing Social
Security, but critics
defeated the idea.
Debate continues on
how to resolve the
problem.
But no matter the challenge, Americans looked forward to
the new millennium with optimism and strength.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Due Today: Every section of Chapter 26 in your workbook!!!
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
26,
26,
26,
26,
26,
Section
Section
Section
Section
Section
1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
Page
Page
Page
Page
Page
212
214
216
218
220
This is worth 50 formative points – 10 per page.