http://www.howardluksmd.com/sports-medicine/partial-anterior-cruciate-ligament-acl-tears/
Why I Chose this Topic?
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Family friend suffered
from it
Wanted to research
how it happens and its
causes
How it impacts a
person’s life
Hope to become a
physical therapist one
day
http://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/physical-therapists.htm
Background

Anterior Cruciate Ligament
and Posterior Cruciate
Ligament
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Three Categories based on
Severity
- Grade I
- Grade II
- Grade III
http://drhalbrown.com/osteoligreview.php
http://www.physioadvisor.com.au/10200450/pcl-tear-posterior-cruciate-ligament-pcl-injur.htm
Background
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Most common tear
Grade III
50%-60% chance of
suffering from
osteoarthritis
10%-28% are Grade I or
II
90% of ACL patients fully
recover
100,000-250,000 happen
each year in US
http://www.regenexx.com/the-regenexx-procedures/knee-surgery-alternative/osteoarthritis-knee/
Causes and Risk Factors
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Girls are 5-8 more times
likely than boys
Tend to use ligaments
Shift weight and land in
more straight-legged
fashion
Wider hips and use quads
http://www.janettv.com/15-ways-females-prevent-acl-injuries
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio105/bone.htm
Causes and Risk Factors
Hyper-extension
 Twisting knee
 Sudden stop
 Shift of weight
 Direct contact

http://www.fighttimes.com/magazine/magazine.asp?article=287
http://www.knee-pain-explained.com/ACL-knee-injuries.html
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hyperextensions-1.png
Causes and Risk Factors
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Teens are highly
affected
Football, Basketball,
Soccer, Rugby,
Gymnastics, and Skiing
Kids seem to focus on
one sport
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_football
http://evidencebasedliving.human.cornell.edu/2011/08/08/new-insights-into-the-teenage-brain/
http://blogs.independent.co.uk/author/davehadfield/
http://www.infobarrel.com/Media/Skiing_3
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball
http://www.fanpop.com/clubs/gymnastics/images/32311275/title/aly-raisman-photo
http://americanfootballon.blogspot.com/2012/06/what-is-american-football.html
Symptoms
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Hear and feel ACL pop
Buckle, “give out”
Swelling
May cause black and
blue around knee
Difference when turning
or running
http://ortho.com.sg/main/faqs-on-anterior-cruciate-ligament-tears/
http://www.johnpostmd.com/2012_05_01_archive.html
Symptoms
Emotional Symptoms
 Remaining connected
with sport team
 Talk to peers who have
experienced
 Adults, physicians, or a
sports psychology team
can help
http://blog.cleveland.com/sports/2008/07/bud_shaws_sports_spin_meaning.htm
l
http://blog.timesunion.com/mdtobe/what-the-pediatrician-says-to-your-teen-when-you-leave-the-room/942
Diagnosis and Treatment
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Doctor will compare both
knees
Pull against ligaments,
resulting in a protruding
knee
X-ray to see bone
damage
MRI to see ligaments
http://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/health/anterior-cruciate-ligament-tears-plague-teenage
http://www.momsteam.com/delay-acl-surgery/early-acl-reconstruction-strongly-recommended-young-athletes-says-study
http://www.sportsmed-forum.com/index-1/st_pag_patients-home/sm_pag_case-studies-2/sm_pag_case-
athletes-article-1.1431375
Diagnosis and Treatment
Two options for Surgery
 Reconstructive or
Arthroscopic
 ACL can be fixed using own
tissue or donor tissue
 Arthroscopic Surgery is
easier
 Another injury is a torn
meniscus
http://ehealthmd.com/content/whats-wrong-your-knee#axzz2tFpBjJiM
http://www.sports-injury-info.com/acl-reconstruction-the-firstweek.html
http://www.aclsolutions.com/surgery_5.php
Diagnosis and Treatment
Physical Therapy
 4-12 months
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Exercises and Motion
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Help strengthen knee
http://www.soccermaniak.com/acl-injury-rehab.html
Prevention
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Good health and
fitness
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Reconstructive
surgery
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Perform surgery
after growing
http://ferrara03.wordpress.com/tag/college
http://guardianlv.com/2013/10/health-and-fitness-is-one-of-many-things-being-marketed-in-the-u-s/
/
Prevention
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Stretch before
participating in sports
Exercise programs
Coordinated Jumping and
Landing
Be Aware of
- Hips and Knees
should be bent
-Movements and
Techniques
Appropriate sporting
equipment
http://balatonieletmod.hu/csak-a-zene-es-a-futas/
http://www.monsterworking.com/2013/02/01/cool-jobs-big-game-sports-edition/
How did my research impact me?
Personally
 Injury is very common
in teenagers
 Understand what it’s
like to experience ACL
injury
 Recognize patient’s
emotional stress
Academically
 Want to become a
Physical Therapist
http://kimberlysnyder.net/blog/2013/05/23/5-signs-your-body-is-aging-too-fast/
http://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/physical-therapists.htm
http://www.thecenternyc.com/physical-therapy/
http://www.thecenternyc.com/physical-therapy/