Chapter
Chapter2:2: Fundamentals of
Fundamentals
of
Information Systems
Information Systems
2- 1
Management Information Systems
Managing Information Technology in the Internetworked Enterprise
Fourth Edition
James A. O'Brien
© 1998
© 1998Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
IRWIN
2- 2
Chapter Objectives
1. Identify and give examples of the components and functions
of the generic concept of a system introduced in this chapter.
2. Provide examples of the components of real world
information systems. Illustrate that an information system
uses people, hardware, software, data, and networks as
resources to perform input, processing, output, storage, and
control activities that transform data resources into
information products.
3. Provide examples of several major types of information
systems from your experiences with business organizations in
the real world.
© 1998 Irwin/McGraw-Hill
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System Concepts
Environment
Feedback
Signals
Feedback
Signals
Control
Signals
Control by
Management
Control
Signals
Input of
Raw Materials
Manufacturing
Process
Output of
Finished Products
System Boundary
Other Systems
© 1998 Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Hardware Resources: Machines and Media
Information Systems Model
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People Resources: End Users and IS Specialists
Control of System Performance
Input
of
Data
Resources
Processing
Data
into
Information
Output
of
Information
Products
Storage of Data Resources
Data Resources: Data Knowledge Bases
Network Resources: Communications Media and Network Support
© 1998 Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Attributes of Information Quality
© 1998 Irwin/McGraw-Hill
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Data Elements
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Name
Field
Payroll
Record
Payroll
File
Personnel
Database
© 1998 Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Operations and Management Classifications
of Information Systems
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Information
Systems
Operations
Support
Systems
Transaction
Processing
Systems
Process
Control
Systems
Management
Support
Systems
Enterprise
Collaboration
Systems
Management
Information
Systems
© 1998 Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Decision
Support
Systems
Executive
Information
Systems
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Enterprise Collaboration Systems
Different Times
Same Time
Same
Place
Face-To-Face Meetings
•Electronic copyboards
•Electronic design room tools
•Team building tools
Teams in Place
• Team room tools
•Shiftwork Groupware
Platforms
•The Internet
•Intranets
•Extranets
•Other Networks
Different
Place
Cross-Distance Meetings
Ongoing Coordination
•Voice mail
•Electronic mail
•Facsimile
•Group editing
•Project managers/schedulers
•Workflow systems
Audioconferencing
•Desktop videoconferencing
•Screen sharing
•Teleconferencing
© 1998 Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Other Classifications of Information Systems
Integrated
Combination of
Systems
Expert
Systems
Knowledge Management
Systems
Business
Information
Systems
Strategic
Information
Systems
© 1998 Irwin/McGraw-Hill
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2- 10
Key Terms in Chapter 2
Information Systems Activities
Input, Processing, Output
Storage, Control
Business Information System
Control
Cross-Functional Information
System
Data
Data or Information Processing
Data Resources
Decision Support Systems
Enterprise Collaboration Systems
Executive Information System
Expanding Roles of Information
Systems
Expert Systems
Feedback
Hardware Resources
Machines
Media
Information
Information Systems Model
Integrated Information Systems
Knowledge Management System
Management Information System
Management Support System
Network Resources
Operations Support System
People Resources
IS Specialists; End Users
Process Control System
Software Resources
Programs
Procedures
Strategic Information Systems
Subsystem
System
Transaction Processing Systems
Types of Information Systems
© 1998 Irwin/McGraw-Hill