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PREAMBLE:
Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity
and of the equal and inalienable rights of all
members of the human family is the
foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the
world,

THE POPULATION REGISTRATION ACT—
grouped every South African into a particular
“race” (white, Indian, Coloured, and Black).
Only whites could vote. Those lower down
on the list had fewer rights. -- 1950

THE MIXED MARRIAGES ACT—made it a
crime for any marriage to take place between
whites and any other “racial” group. Only 75
marriages between blacks and whites had
been recorded before Apartheid began. -- 1949

THE GROUP AREAS ACT—divided South
Africa into different areas where the different
“race” groups could live. Of the 3.5 million
people who had to leave their homes because
of this act, only 2% were white. -- 1950

THE PASS LAWS—required black South Africans
over the age of 16 to carry a pass book, known as a
dompas, everywhere and at all times. Within the
pages of an individual's dompas were his
fingerprints, photograph, personal details of
employment, permission from the government to
be in a particular part of the country, qualifications
to work or seek work in the area, and an
employer's reports on worker performance and
behavior. If the employer, for any reason, refused
to endorse the book for the pertinent time period,
the worker's right to stay in the area was
jeopardized. Without their pass, they were
arrested. -- 1952
Employment, housing, travel,
property ownership, marriage,
public facilities
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Article 25.
(1) Everyone has the right to a standard of
living adequate for the health and well-being of
himself and of his family, including food,
clothing, housing and medical care and
necessary social services, and the right to
security in the event of unemployment,
sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or
other lack of livelihood in circumstances
beyond his control.
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Article 26.
(1) Everyone has the right to education. Education
shall be free, at least in the elementary and
fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be
compulsory. Technical and professional education
shall be made generally available and higher
education shall be equally accessible to all on the
basis of merit. (2) Education shall be directed to the
full development of the human personality and to
the strengthening of respect for human rights and
fundamental freedoms.
Education for Africans: Cheap, Unskilled Labor
Made Here

“If the native in South
Africa today . . . is
being taught to
expect that he will live
his adult life under a
policy of equal rights,
he is making a big
mistake . . . There is
no place for him in
the European
community above the
level of certain forms
of labor." -Hendrik
Verwoerd, Minister of
Bantu Education
1951 DOLLARS
$80
Million
2011 DOLLARS
$3.56
Billion
Executive Secretary,
NAACP
President of
World Bank,
1949-1962
World Bank
Founding
Principles
iii. . . Assisting in
raising productivity,
[and] the standard
of living and
conditions of labor
in their territories.
Article 13.
(1) Everyone has the right
to freedom of movement
and residence within the
borders of each state.
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Article 23.
(1) Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of
employment, to just and favourable conditions of
work and to protection against unemployment.
(2) Everyone, without any discrimination, has the
right to equal pay for equal work.
(3) Everyone who works has the right to just and
favourable remuneration ensuring for himself and
his family an existence worthy of human dignity,
and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of
social protection.
(4) Everyone has the right to form and to join trade
unions for the protection of his interests.
The Benefits of World Bank Loans: African Homes
Near Johannesburg
“On balance, it is
likely that Africans
have benefited
economically more
from this growth
than other sections
of the community,”
Eugene Black,
President of the
World Bank, 1953
Africans Enjoying the Economic Benefits of World
Bank Loans to Apartheid South Africa
“On balance, it is
likely that Africans
have benefited
economically rather
more from this
growth than other
sections of the
community.”
Eugene Black,
President of the
World Bank, 1953
TOTAL LOANS BY 1955
$135
Million
EQUIVALENT IN 2011
DOLLARS
$4.9
Billion