Water, pH and Acid Rain
Review
1. Water has ______________, meaning that it
takes a lot of energy to make it change
temperature.
• A.cohesion
• C.capillary action
• B.adhesion
• D.high specific heat
2. A solution that is mildly basic would have a
pH of approximately
• A.2.
• C.6.
• B.4.
• D.8.
3. Water has the property of surface tension
because the water molecules form ________
bonds between them.
• A.covalent
• C.hydrogen
• B.ionic
• D.nonpolar
4. When dissolved in water, all bases will
• A.form hydroxide ions.
• C.form hydrogen ions..
• B.have a negative charge.
• D.turn red.
5. As part of an experiment, a student adds
10mL of 5% NaOH ( a strong base) solution to
100mL water. What will most likely occur?
• A.The concentration of OH- ions will increase.
• B.The concentration of H+ ions will increase.
• C.The pH will not change.
• D.The pH will decrease.
6. When a solution of an acid reacts with a
solution of a base, hydronium ions react with
hydroxide ions to form
• A.a salt.
• C.a weaker base.
• B.a stronger acid.
• D.water.
7. Which solution is the most basic?
• A.apple juice, pH = 3
• C.hand soap solution, pH = 10
• B.pure water, pH = 7
• D.drain cleaner solution, pH = 14
8. An acid forms which ions in solution?
• A.oxygen
• C.hydronium
• B.hydroxide
• D.hydrogen
• E. both C and D
9. What does the pH of a solution measure?
• A.concentration of H+ ions
• C.concentration of metal ions
• B.molarity of the solute
• D.solubility of the solute
10. The main compounds that form acid rain are
________.
• A.sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide
• C.nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide
• B.carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide
• D.carbon dioxide and sodium hydroxide
11. Water molecules are attracted to other
materials because of the property of
__________.
• A.adhesion
• C.high specific heat
• B.cohesion
• D.all of the above
12. Which statement about acids is incorrect?
• A.turn blue litmus paper red
• C.taste sour
• B.contain hydrogen ions
• D.feel slippery
13. Which solution is the most basic?
• A.a solution with a pH = 10
• C.a solution with a pH = 3
• B.a solution with a pH = 6
• D.a solution with a pH = 1
14. Which solution has the greatest
concentration of hydrogen ions?
• A.Urine (pH 6.0)
• C.Tomato juice (pH 4.0)
• B.Rainwater (pH 5.5)
• D.Gastric juice (pH 2.0)
15. The harmful effects of acid rain include
____________.
• A.respiratory problems in humans.
• D.damaging lake and river ecosystems
• B.damaging of forests
• C.damage to buildings and structures
• E.all of the above
16. What happens to the pH of the acid in your
stomach when you take an antacid?
• A.pH decreases
• C.pH decreases then increases
• B.pH increases
• D.pH stays the same
17. When the pH in your stomach decreases
from 6 to 4, how does the hydrogen ion
concentration change?
• A.it increases by a factor of 2
• C.it decreases by a factor of 2
• B.it increases by a factor of 100
• D.it decreases by a factor of 100
18. The pH of a substance is a measure of its
• A.boiling point.
• C.ability to mix with water.
• B.food value.
• D.hydrogen ion concentration.
19. Human impact causes most acid rain due to
________________.
• A.factories releasing pollutants
• B.car exhaust
• C.landfill water leaching into streams
• D. a and b
• E. b and c
20. Corn syrup is composed mostly of glucose
and fructose. What property of water
explains why corn syrup dissolves easily in
water?
• A. Water exhibits strong cohesion.
• C. Water is a polar molecule.
• B. Water has a high specific heat.
• D. Water is easily ionized.
21. Which phrase is not true about strong
bases?
• A.conduct electricity well
• C.turn blue litmus paper red
• B.dissociate completely in water
• D.form OH- ions in solution
22. A molecule that has a partial positive charge
on one side and a partial negative charge on
the other side is called a
• A.nonpolar molecule
• C.charged molecule
• B.polar molecule
• D.covalent molecule
23. The label on a bottle indicates that the
substance inside has a pH of 1. This tells you
that the substance is
• A.neutral.
• C.mildly basic.
• B.strongly acidic.
• D.strongly basic.
24. _______________ occurs in plants as water
molecules are pulled up the plant, against the
force of gravity, due to the adhesion and
cohesion of water molecules.
• A.High specific heat
• C.Surface tension
• B.Capillary action
• D.None of the above
25. Water molecules are attracted to each other
because of the property of ___________.
• A.adhesion
• C.high specific heat
• B.cohesion
• D.all of the above
26. ________________ forms from pollutants
caused by industry and transportation.
• A.Physical Weathering
• C.Precipitation
• B.Acid Rain
• D.None of the above