The Battle Against AIDS
The last Dive at the Olympics
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Words you need to know:
insert（插入） vein（静脉血管） drag（拖）
tease（戏弄，取笑）
marvel（惊叹）
wear down（使精疲力竭） promise（答应，承诺）
Background Knowledge
AIDS, a terrible disease caused by the HIV has
become the common enemy to human beings. Thousands of
people die of AIDS each year. Therefore, “Sharing the
Challenge” has become the theme.
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Directions: Listen to the story and answer the following
question.
What is this story mainly about?
This is a short story about a little optimistic
boy called Tyler, who was infected with the
virus that causes AIDS, but never gave up to
the deadly disease till his death.
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Directions: Listen to the story again and choose the best
answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).
1. When was Tyler infected with HIV?
A)
B)
C)
D)
When
When
When
When
he was five years old.
he was born.
his mother died.
he was two years old.
2. How did Tyler feel about his disease?
A)
B)
C)
D)
He
He
He
He
was very sad.
was unwilling to drag the tank of oxygen behind him.
was very happy and always racing around the yard.
wasn’t willing to give up his childhood to the disease.
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Directions: Listen to the story again and choose the best
answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).
3. Why did Tyler want to be dressed in red after his death?
A) Because red was easy for his mother to find him
when he was in heaven.
B) Because red was his favorite color.
C) Because his mother likes him to be dressed in red.
D) Because his mother promised him to buy red clothes
for him.
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Tyler was born infected with HIV; His mother was also
infected. From the very beginning of his life, he was
dependent on medicines to enable him to survive. When he
was five, he had a tube inserted in a vein in his chest.
Sometimes, he also needed supplemental oxygen to support
his breathing.
Tyler wasn’t willing to give up one single moment of his
childhood to this deadly disease. It was not unusual to find
him playing and racing around his backyard, dragging his
tank of oxygen behind him. All of us who knew Tyler
marveled at his pure joy in being alive and the energy it
gave him. Tyler’s mom often teased him by telling him that
he moved so fast she needed to dress him in red. That
way, when she looked through the window to check on him
playing in the yard, she could quickly spot him.
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This terrible disease finally wore down the energetic
Tyler. He grew quite ill and, unfortunately, so did his HIVinfected mother. When it became apparent that he was
going to die, Tyler’s mom talked to him about death. She
comforted him by telling Tyler that she was dying too, and
that she would be with him soon in heaven.
A few days before his death, Tyler told his doctor: “ I
might die soon. I’m not scared. When I die, please dress
me in red. Mom promised she’s coming to heaven. I’ll be
playing when she gets there, and I want to make sure she
can find me.”
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Appreciate the old sayings
Be happy and optimistic, you can keep
illness away.
Laughter is the best medicine.
Smile a happy smile and one will be ten
years younger.
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Warm-up questions
1. What is AIDS ? How is it
spread?
AIDS, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome,
is a disease that destroys the natural method
the body uses to protect against other
diseases. There are three ways to spread AIDS:
contact with infected blood; sex; mother-tochild.
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Warm-up questions
2. What is HIV? Who are the
ones most likely to be infected
with AIDS?
HIV is the Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
After infecting a person, HIV can remain
hidden in the body for long and different
periods of time until it becomes active and
develops into AIDS for which no known cure
exists. Women, youth and children are most
likely infected because of sexual relationship
and cocaine drugs, etc.
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Warm-up questions
3. What are the symptoms of
AIDS ?
At first, there is only infection by HIV and
antibody production. Then the lymph nodes
enlarge, as is shown in such signs as tiredness,
fever and night sweats. Finally an infected
person may develop into uncommon and life
threatening illness.
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1. Do you think local organizations
can battle against AIDS?
Yes. The spread of AIDS and
government inactivity in stopping it
make local organizations play an
important role in controlling AIDS.
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2. What are the ways to combat
AIDS discussed in the passage?
First, speak to your community in a way they
can hear. Second, train teenagers to
educate their peers. Lastly, redefine “at risk” to
include women from different backgrounds
and marriage status.
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3. What should people do in order
to win the war against AIDS?
In some areas, especially in Africa,
people are not literate and do not have
adequate knowledge about AIDS.
Therefore, AIDS education should be
spread all over the world. Everyone
should take part in the war against AIDS.
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Text Structure
Introduction
(paras.1~7)
The South Carolina AIDS Education Network
has developed several techniques useful to battle
against AIDS since the discovery of AIDS.
Combat Approaches
(paras. 8~13)
1. Speak to your community in a way they can hear.
2. Train teenagers to educate their peers.
3. Redefine “at risk” to include women from different
backgrounds and marriage status.
Conclusion
(para.14):
Everyone must become an educator and
learn to live.
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1. Despite such alarming numbers, the federal and state
governments have been slow in implementing programs to
stop the spread of AIDS. (Line 8)
① despite prep.: in spite of, without being affected by 尽
管；不管；不顾; 在此句中表示让步关系。用法为：
despite + n./ doing sth.
其他表示转折和让步意义的词还有：
though, although, even though, even, if, unless,
instead of, however 及whatever之类引导的让步状语从句。
② be slow in doing sth.: do sth. slowly
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despite + n./ doing sth.
1）Despite owning great wealth, he always
remained a man of simple tastes.
尽管有钱，他仍然过着普通人的生活。
2）My mother required me to remain modest
despite my achievements in this mid-term exam.
尽管我在这次期中考试取得不错成绩，我母亲要求我仍然要保持
谦虚。
3）Despite being tired, some students went
on studying until late at night.
尽管很累了，一些学生仍然继续学习直到深夜。
4） Despite the fact that she never stays up late to
study, she almost always makes top scores
on the exams.
令人吃惊的是，尽管她从不熬夜学习，但几乎
总是在考试中得第一名。
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be slow in doing sth.: do sth. slowly
1）由于严重的财政问题，省政府儿童保健的
项目实施缓慢。
The provincial government was slow in
implementing the child-care programs
because of serious financial problems.
2）父亲人老了，反应也慢了。
My father is getting on in years and he
is slow in reaction.
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1. Despite such alarming numbers, the federal and state
governments have been slow in implementing programs to
stop the spread of AIDS. (Line 8)
尽管数目大得惊人，但各州和联邦政府在实施防止艾滋
病蔓延的计划方面行动迟缓。
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2. Like many local organizations, this organization suffers
from a lack of money, forcing it to use its resources
creatively. (Line 12)
句中forcing 为现在分词短语引导的伴随状语，说明在缺乏资
金的情况下该组织如何解决问题。
① like: prep. 引导的短语在句中作状语，具有准并列功能。意
为“像······”，“和······一样”。
② suffer from: be badly influenced by 受······之苦/折磨，
因······而不舒服
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①
like: prep. 引起的短语在句中作状语，具有准并列功能。意
为“像”，“和······一样”。
1) 像其他致命的癌症一样，艾滋病导致了惊
人数量的死亡。
Like other deadly cancers, AIDS has led
to an alarming number of deaths.
2) 像成千上万的年轻人一样，他对电脑游
戏很着迷。
Like thousands of young people, he is
crazy about computer games.
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② suffer from: be badly influenced by 受······之苦/折磨，
因······而不舒服
Complete the following sentences.
1) He was diagnosed ____________________.
as suffering from AIDS
(染上了艾滋病)
suffered from all his social activities
2) His schoolwork _______________________________.
(受到他所有社会活动的严重影响)
3) Children in the flood-stricken area ____________
suffered from
ill nutrition (严重营养不良)
__________.
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2. Like many local organizations, this organization suffers
from a lack of money, forcing it to use its resources
creatively. (Line 12)
和许多地方性组织一样，该组织缺乏资金，这迫
使它创造性地使用其资源。
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3. As a result, such books actually have more effect in the
communities where they are used than government
publications, which cost thousands of dollars more to
produce. (Line 38)
① 本句从句套从句。“where they are used…”为定语从句修饰
communities; 而其中which 又引导非限定性定语从句
修饰 government publication。
② as a result : 结果，因此。 在句中可独立作状语。也可用
“as a result of + sth./doing sth.”表结果。
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定语从句 (attributive clause)
1) 用于修饰主句的名词（主语、宾语或表语）的从句，且其句子成分
为定语叫做定语从句。
2) 定语从句分为两类： 非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句
注意：
(1)非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开。不能用that替换引导词which;
(2)指代人时，从句可由关系代词who, whom, whose引导;
(3)指代物时，可由关系代词which引导；
(4)指代人或物时，由that引导；
(5)由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as 和 which可代整个主句，
相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。
e.g. 1) As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
2) The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.
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1) The residents, ____ had been damaged by the flood, were given
help by the Red Cross.
A) all their homes
C) all of whose homes
B) all whose homes
D) all of their homes
2) Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.
A) it
B) that
C) which
D) he
3) I’ll never forget the years ____ I lived in the country with the
farmers_____had a great effect on my life.
A) that , which
B) when , which
C) which , that
D) when , who
4) As ___ announced in today's papers, the Shanghai Export
Commodities Fair is also open on Sundays.
A) being
B) is
C) to be
D) been
5) Tell me all ________ you know.
A) that
B) what
C) which
D) when
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② as a result: 结果，因此。在句中可独立作状语。也可用
“as a result of + sth./doing sth.”表结果。
Rewrite the following sentences with the phrase
“as a result of”.
1) The girl did not work hard enough. As a result, she failed the exam.
The girl failed the exam as a result of not working hard enough.
2) He suffered from the flu recently. As a result, he had to be away
from school for several weeks.
He had to be away from school for several weeks as a result of
suffering from the flu recently.
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3. As a result, such books actually have more effect in the
communities where they are used than government
publications, which cost thousands of dollars more to
produce. (Line 38)
这样一来，这些书在使用它们的社区里所产生的影响
要比政府出版的书籍大，而政府出版的书籍成本要高出数
千美元。
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4. They also play a vital role in helping parents understand the
types of peer pressure their children experience. (Line 45)
① 句中 “their children experience” 是省略了 which 或 that
的定语从句修饰 peer pressure。
② play a role in: 在······中起作用;常在role前加入修饰词，构成
“play a/an leading/ important/ significant role”
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② play a role in: 在······中起作用;常在 role 前加入修饰词，用
作 “play a/an leading/ important/ significant role”
1）有效管理在公司的经营中起着重要作用。
Effective management plays an important
role in the running of a company.
2）他在这次教学改革的实施中起着领导作用。
He played a leading role in carrying out this teaching reform.
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4. They also play a vital role in helping parents understand the
types of peer pressure their children experience. (Line 45)
他们在帮助父母亲理解孩子们所经受的各种来自于
同龄人的压力方面也起着重要作用。
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5. The stylists also emphasize that everyone is at risk and that all
of us have a right to protect ourselves — regardless of
marriage status. (Line 52)
此句中谓语动词emphasize后连续接两个由that引导的宾语从
句，说明存在的危险以及我们有保护自己的权利。
① be at risk:
be in danger 冒风险，有危险
② regardless of: paying no attention to sb./sth. ;
in spite of 不顾
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① be at risk: be in danger 冒风险，有危险
1）经济将进一步滑坡，使更多的人遭受失业的危险。
The economy will fall further, putting more jobs at risk.
2）如果那些处于危险中的人能及时请医生诊视，
心脏病是可以避免的。
Heart disease can be avoided if people at
risk are timely diagnosed.
risk一词搭配词
组:

at the risk of (doing sth.) 冒······的危险
run the risk of (doing sth.) 做危险的事
take a risk 冒险
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② regardless of: paying no attention to sb./sth. ;
in spite of 不顾
Complete the following sentences.
1) 尽管以前我们失败过，但仍要坚持下去。
regardless of past failures
We will persevere ______________________.
2) 不论民族或信仰，每个人都有追求自己事业的权利，
Everyone has the right to pursue his career,
regardless of his race or creed
__________________________.
3) 不论价钱多少，她学习需要的任何东西她父母都给她买了。
Her parents bought her whatever she needed for her study,
_______________________.
regardless of the expenses
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5. The stylists also emphasize that everyone is at risk and that all
of us have a right to protect ourselves — regardless of
marriage status. (Line 52)
发型设计师们也强调每个人都存在着危险，所以
我们每个人都有权保护自己——不管婚姻状况如何。
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6. These lessons are not the only solutions to the crisis but until
there is a cure for AIDS, education represents the only safe
measure to guard against the virus. (Line 54)
① solution to sth.: n. answer to sth. 问题的答案，解决问题的方
名词＋介词 to 的固定搭配:
法
answer to
问题答案
approach to
admission to
方法
进入
advantage to
key to
reaction to
······的优点
关键
反应
barrier to
reply to
······的障碍
······的回答
damage to
response to
access to
······的入口，通
路
obstacle to
······的障碍
对······的损坏
反应
② guard against: protect against 预防，防止
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① solution: n. answer to sth. 问题的答案，解决问题的方法
1) 他花了三天时间才解出这道数学难题。
It took him three days to work out
a solution to the mathematics problem.
2）习题答案见书后。
The solutions to the questions are at the back of the book.
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② guard against: protect against 预防，防止
1) Brush your teeth regularly to guard against tooth decay.
经常刷牙，预防龋齿。
2) Be careful to guard against spreading
infections like SARS when eating outside.
在外面吃饭时，要小心预防像“非典”
这样的传染病。
3) This is an open house and there is little way to guard
against strangers.
这是一幢开放式的房子，很难防范陌生人的进入。
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6. These lessons are not the only solutions to the crisis but until
there is a cure for AIDS, education represents the only safe
measure to guard against the virus. (Line 54)
这些经验不是解决艾滋病危机的惟一方法，但在找到
治疗艾滋病的方法之前，教育不失为预防感染艾滋病毒的
惟一安全措施。
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7. We simply cannot let people continue to die because we don’t
feel comfortable talking about AIDS. (Line 60)
① “let” 在此为使役动词，后接动词原型
let sb. do sth.: 让某人做某事
e.g. We must not let cultural, racial, or social barriers
distract us from the job that must be done. (Line 57)
② feel comfortable doing sth./ with sth.: feel good about
doing sth. 感到满意、舒服
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① “let” 在此为使役动词，后接动词原型
let sb. do sth.: 让某人做某事
Complete the following sentences.
1) No one is willing to ______________________________.
let his life be controlled by destiny
没有人会愿意让自己的生活受命运主宰。
let AIDS take
2) We won’t stand by and ____________
people’s lives easily 我们不会袖手旁观，
_________________.
让艾滋病轻易夺去人们的生命。
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② feel comfortable doing sth./ with sth.: feel good about
doing sth. 感到满意、舒服。
1) 每个人都对会议决定感到满意。
Everyone felt comfortable with the
decision arrived at during the meeting.
2) 医生说病人做了手术后不怎么难受了。
The doctor said that the patient
felt comfortable with her operation.
3) 谈起那次车祸我很难受。
I don’t feel comfortable talking about the traffic accident.
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7. We simply cannot let people continue to die because we don’t
feel comfortable talking about AIDS. (Line 60)
我们绝对不能因为谈论艾滋病会使我们感到难受，
而听任人们继续被艾滋病夺去生命。
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1. Another 185,000 of the one million infected with the HIV virus
are also expected to die. (Line 3)
 infect: vt. put disease into the body of
1) It is reported that monkeypox may have
infected at least 37 people, though it is
not as infectious or fatal as SARS virus.
据报道，虽然猴痘没有非典病毒传染性强、致
命，但它已感染至少37人。
2) The disease infected his ears, and he
became deaf.
这种病使他耳朵受感染，并使他失聪。
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2. Women and youth in rural Southern communities now constitute
the fastest growing segment of people with AIDS. (Line 5)

constitute: vt. make up; form
1) 一学年有两个学期和两个假期。
Two semesters and two vacations constitute an
academic year.
2) 四名大学生组成一个青年自愿者小组，
帮助辅导下岗职工子女。
Four college students constitute a
young volunteers’ group to help tutor
children of laid-off workers.
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3. Despite such alarming numbers, the federal and state
governments have been slow in implementing programs to
stop the spread of AIDS. (Line 8)
 alarm: n. sudden fear or worry;
vt. cause sudden fear or worry
Complete the following sentences with the
appropriate forms of the word “alarm”.
alarmed when the ______
alarm bell rang.
1) Everyone was _______
2) The side effects of global warming are alarming
________.
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3. Despite such alarming numbers, the federal and state
governments have been slow in implementing programs to
stop the spread of AIDS. (Line 8)
 implement: vt. put into practice
1) The city government is implementing its program of
helping the disabled.
市政府在实施扶助残疾人政策。
2) Funding is needed to implement
Project Hope.
要实施“希望工程”，需要资金投
入。
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4. In place of government inactivity, a number of local
organizations have emerged. (Line 9)

emerge: vi. come or appear; become known
1) He emerged as the most valuable player.
他作为最有价值的球员出现。
2) Data clearly show that Asia’s emerging
markets still mainly prefer US dollars.
数据明确显示：亚洲正在崛起的市场
仍然主要偏爱美元。
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5. One organization, the South Carolina AIDS Education Network,
was formed in 1985 to combat the growing number of AIDS cases.
(Line 11)
 combat: vi. fight against
n. a struggle between two sides, ideas, etc.
1) America has to combat three epidemics: SARS virus,
monkeypox virus and West Nile virus.
美国要同时应对三种疫病：非典病毒，猴痘病毒和西尼罗病毒。
2) The operation was the largest since the US
declared the end of major combat.
自从美国宣布主要战斗结束后，这是规模
最大的行动。
3) This type of helicopter can be used in day
or night combat.
这种直升机可以在白天和夜间作战。
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6. Many communities have a low literacy rate, making impossible
passing out AIDS literature and expecting people to read it.
(Line 31)
 rate: n. speed, proportion
1) Researchers are warning that if water use continues to
increase （以目前的速度）________________
at the current rate water
will be in very short supply by 2025.
the death rate falls and （出生率）
2) When （死亡率） _____________
___________
the birthrate rises, there will be a population increase.
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6. Many communities have a low literacy rate, making impossible
passing out AIDS literature and expecting people to read it.
(Line 31)
 rate: n. speed, proportion
1) a high rate of literacy
2) the rate of exchange
受教育比例高
汇率
3) a low marriage rate
结婚率低
4) a high divorce rate
离婚率高
5) high interest rates
高利率
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7. These books use simple, hand-drawn pictures of “sad faces” and
“happy faces” to illustrate ways people can prevent AIDS.
(Line 35)
 illustrate: vt. add pictures to (sth. written); show the
meaning of (sth.) by giving pictures or examples
1) The SARS outbreak illustrates a growing
problem: Exotic diseases from exotic animals.
非典疫情爆发说明一个越来越严重的问
题：来自野生动物的外来疾病。
2) The following aspects can best illustrate
the advantages of the Internet.
以下几方面最能说明互联网的种种优点。
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8. They also show people who look like those who we need to
educate, since people can relate more when they see familiar
faces and language they can understand. (Line 36)
 relate: v. account, describe
1) 幸存者带着惊恐讲述飞机失事。
The survivor related the air
crash with fright.
2) 村民讲述地震前动物的反常行为。
The villagers related the unusual behavior of
animals before the earthquake.
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9. They make it simple and explain the risk of catching AIDS to
friends their own age much better than an adult can. (Line 44)
 risk: n. danger
v. place in danger; take the chance of
[C] risk doing sth. or risk sth. / n.
at the risk of: taking the risk of; running the risk of
at risk: in danger of
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Fill in the blanks with “risk”, “at the risk
of” or “at risk”.
1) Pets are posing new _____
risks .
risk developing health
2) Passengers sit still so long they ____
problems.
3) Throughout most of human life, people in many places
have been at
______
risk from natural disasters like floods,
earthquakes and droughts. Industrial development
changes the environment in ways which create more
____
risks of worse natural disasters.
at the risk of his life.
4) He rescued the little girl ___________
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10. The stylists also emphasize that everyone is at risk and that
all of us have a right to protect ourselves — regardless of
marriage status. (Line 52)
 emphasize: vt. stress sth. that is very important
1) Traditional physical education courses emphasized
competition, while modern ones put emphasis on
participation.
传统体育课强调竞争，而现代体育课强调参与。
2) The WHO official emphasized the
importance of establishing a public
health system.
这位世界卫生组织官员强调，建立公共
健康体系至关重要。
64
10. The stylists also emphasize that everyone is at risk and that
all of us have a right to protect ourselves — regardless of
marriage status. (Line 52)
 regardless of : not consider or be influenced by
1) ________________________________________
Regardless whether the parents are right or wrong ,
(不管父母是对是错), the children have to obey their
orders at home.
Regardless of the firecracker ban
2) _____________________________,
(不管燃放爆竹的禁令)，some citizens always
play with firecrackers during Spring
Festival.
65
11. Like no other plague before, the AIDS epidemic threatens to
wipe out an entire generation and leave another without
parents. (Line 56)
 threaten: v. be a warning that one is going to hurt,
punish, etc.; give warning of (sth. bad)
1) The terrorists threatened to kill hostages if their demands
could not be met.
恐怖分子威胁，如果他们的要求不能得以满足，他们将杀死
人质。
2) The tribe threatened to launch an attack if the chief
was not well treated.
该部落威胁道，如果酋长没有受到很好的款待，他们
将发动进攻。
66
11. Like no other plague before, the AIDS epidemic threatens to
wipe out an entire generation and leave another without
parents. (Line 56)
[C] threat: n.
threatening: a.
1) Lack of access to clean water is a serious public health threat.
得不到洁净水将对公众健康构成严重威胁。
2) The severe acute disease can be life-threatening.
这种急性重症危及生命。
67
12. We must not let cultural, racial, or social barriers distract us
from the job that must be done. (Line 57)
 distract sb. from sth.: take one’s attention from sth.
1) 不要让打零工影响到你的学业。
Don’t let the part-time job distract you
from your school responsibilities.
2) 他们的吵架声很快使这个小女孩分心了，
以致于不能专心拉小提琴。
Their quarrel soon distracted the girl
from playing the violin.
68
13. This is an undeclared war that everyone must sign up for in
order for us to win. (Line 59)
 sign up: sign an agreement to take part in sth.
1) These juniors have signed up to take a GRE
course at the New Oriental Prep School.
这些大三学生已报名在新东方补习学校
学GRE课程。
2) The football club signed up the player for
they believed that he was a promising star.
该足球俱乐部与这位球员签约，因为他们相信
他有望成为明日之星。
69
70
Problem-solution Pattern
Sample paragraph from the passage (para.10)
a general statement supported by a problem-solution pattern
The problem:
Because AIDS is spreading fastest among
teenagers in the rural South,
The solution:
The stylists have established an “AIDS Busters”
program which trains youth from 8 to 26 to go
into the community and teach “AIDS 101” to
their peers.
The evaluation:
They make it simple and explain the risk of catching AIDS to
friends their own age much better than an adult can. They also
play a vital role in helping parents understand the types of peer
pressure their children experience.
71
Now write one short paragraph following
the problem-solution pattern. The topic
has a few more details that you can use
if you want to do so.
Detailed outline:
A general situation:
Some freshmen feel they are not
as passionate or energetic as
before.
72
A problem:
get tired more easily; show signs of a lack of
energy and depression; a lack of restful sleep
A solution:
all sides concerned should take joint measures.
Evaluation:
these efforts will make freshmen passionate
and energetic again.
73
Some freshmen feel they are not as passionate or
energetic as before. They are getting tired more
easily than before. They are showing signs of a lack
of energy and depression. A lack of restful sleep
because of tests, peer pressure and problems with
relationships can also spell trouble. To solve this
problem, all sides concerned should take joint
measures. Schools and teachers may give students
immediate guidance. Parents and friends could offer
adequate help. Students themselves need to arrange
time better and avoid stress. As a result, these
efforts will make freshmen passionate and energetic
again.
74
75
76
1. Why did the writer push away
everyone else who came near to him
after hitting his head on the board?
Because he was HIV-positive and feared that
others’ lives would be endangered if they
touched his bleeding head.
2. Did his natural parents adopt
him when he was young? Why?
No. Because they were too young to
raise him.
3. Did the writer take part in the
finals after he hit his head on the
board at the trials?
Yes. He still got the chance to compete at the
finals and won the gold medal.
80
Introduction
There was something else more important than
winning in the 1988 Olympics in Seoul, Korea.
(paras.1~3)
The writer’s
experience in diving
(paras.4~7)
The writer’s
last competition
(paras.8~10)
1. His parents gave him up for adoption
when he was a baby.
2. The writer followed Ron O’Brien to
practice diving and he was quite
successful.
3. He found out that he had got AIDS
just before he prepared to take part
in the 1988 Olympic games, but his
perseverance made him to stick to it.
He won two gold medals after he hit his head
on the board at the trials but he had to quit
diving professionally.
81
82
1. I might have endangered other divers’ lives if I had spilled
blood in the pool. (Line 14)
此句为与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，句型如下：
If + 主语 + had + 动词过去分词，
主语 + would (should, could, might) + have +动词过去分词
1) Had he worked harder, __________________________
he would have got through the
exam
______.（他就会通过考试）
Had it not been for my illness
2) ____________________________（要不是因为我生病的话）,
I would have lent him a helping hand.
3) If she had been there that night, ________________________.
she might have been injured
（她也许就受伤了）
83
1. I might have endangered other divers’ lives if I had spilled
blood in the pool. (Line 14)
要是我的血溅到了游泳池里，就会危及其他跳水
选手的生命。
84
2. Because of my dark skin, kids at school called me names;
I often got mugged coming home from school. (Line 21)
① coming home from school：现在分词作时间状语
② call sb. names: say bad or unkind things about sb.
羞辱某人，说某人的坏话
1) 请不要在背后辱骂他，这太不礼貌了。
Please don’t call him names behind
his back. It’s quite impolite.
2) 你可以咒骂我，但我不会改变注意。
You can call me names, but I
won’t change my mind.
85
2. Because of my dark skin, kids at school called me names;
I often got mugged coming home from school. (Line 21)
由于我肤色黑，常常遭到学校里孩子们的辱骂。放学
回家时也经常受到欺负。
86
3. When my HIV test results returned positive, I was shocked
and confused. (Line 35)
return: 系动词，表示回来时的状况，后面可直接
接形容词或名词。
1) 幸运的是，这位老人安然无恙地回来了。
Fortunately, the old man returned safe and sound.
2) 她离开家乡时不过是个13岁的女孩，可
回来时已长成又美丽又迷人的贵夫人了。
She left her hometown only a girl of
13 but returned a beautiful and
charming lady.
87
3. When my HIV test results returned positive, I was shocked
and confused. (Line 35)
当我知道自己的艾滋病检验结果是阳性时，我感到震
惊和困惑。
88
4. I couldn’t tell anyone for fear I wouldn’t be able to compete
in the Olympics if people learned I was HIV-positive.
(Line 37)
for fear that: for being afraid, in case 生怕，以免
for fear of: 由于害怕······，以免
for fear that he might be late for
1) He set off very early ____________________________
___________.
the interview 他早早就出发了，生怕面试迟到。
2) Some people left Beijing in late April ____________
for fear of the
SARS
epidemic
______________.
一些人害怕染上“非典”，在4月下旬就离开北京了。
3) They are afraid to speak English in class __________
for fear of
making errors 他们惟恐出错，不敢在班上讲英语。
______________.
89
4. I couldn’t tell anyone for fear I wouldn’t be able to compete
in the Olympics if people learned I was HIV-positive.
(Line 37)
我不能把这些告诉任何人，生怕人们一旦知道我是
艾滋病毒阳性时，我便不能参加奥运会比赛了。
90
91
1. Initially, I felt embarrassment. (Line 7)

initial: a.
first, beginning 起初的，开始的
initially: adv. at first, at the beginning 开始地，起先
initiate: vt. begin, launch 开始，发动
1) 艾滋病患者在早期阶段常常伴有发烧症状。
People with AIDS in the initial stage
often exhibit a symptom of fever.
2) 最初他反对这个计划，后来又改变主意了。
Initially he opposed the plan, but
later he changed his mind.
3) 他发起了一项经济法律的改革。
He initiated the reforms in the economic law.
92
2. Next I felt intense fear. (Line 8)
 intense: a. 强烈的，剧烈的，紧张的，
可以用来形容人的感情
intensive: a. 精细的，深入的，密集的
1) I can hardly stand such intense heat in the summer.
夏季的酷热简直使我难以忍受。
2) A feeling of intense bitterness snatched me.
一阵极度的痛苦涌上我的心头。
3) The patient was transferred to the
intensive care ward.
那位病人被转到了特护病房。
4) They made an intensive study of
the case.
他们深入细致地研究了这一案例。
93
3. In haste, I pushed him away, and everyone else who approached
me. (Line 11)

in haste: in a hurry 匆忙，急忙
1) 他匆忙离去。
He went off in haste.
2) 匆忙之中，我忘记锁门了。
In my haste I forgot to lock
the door.
94
3. In haste, I pushed him away, and everyone else who approached
me. (Line 11)

approach: v. come near to; begin to consider
or deal with 接近，考虑，处理
approaching
The National Day is
_____________.
国庆节快来临了。
________________________
He
approaches the problem from a different angle.
他从不同的角度来探讨这个问题。
how to approach the
College students should know __________________
_____________________________.
problem
of a love affair correctly
大学生应该知道如何正确处理恋爱问题。
95
4. …so they gave me up for adoption. (Line 18)

adoption n. 采纳，收养
adopt v.
采纳，收养
adopted a. 收养的，采用的
语法考点：
adopted （前置定语）收养的：
the adopted children 收养的孩子
（后置定语）采用的：
the methods adopted 采用的方法
adoptive 收养（某人）的（主动意义）：
the adoptive father 义父，养父
adopted
(被某人)收养的（被动意义）：
the adopted son 义子，养子
96
5. At the trials, one month prior to the finals… (Line 24)

prior to: prep. before, previous to, ahead of 在······之前
1) 她在来这里以前住在纽约。
Prior to her coming here she was in New York.
2) 思维始终先于事实。
The thought is always prior to
the fact.
97
6. At sixteen, I knew I had a shot at the 1976 Olympics. (Line 24)

have a shot at: attempt to do sth. 尝试
1) It’s a difficult job but I’d like to have a shot at it.
这工作很难做，不过我想试一下。
2) Why don’t you have a shot at talking
to her yourself?
为什么你不尝试着自己与她谈？
98
7. Ron understood me and assisted my working more intensely.
(Line 29)

assist: vt. help, aid 帮助，协助
assist sb. with sth.
assist sb. in doing sth.
assist sb. to do sth.
1) Can you assist me with this problem?
你能帮助我解决这个问题吗？
2) These nurses assisted the doctor in
performing the operation.
这些护士帮助医生做手术。
3) He often assists me to water the flowers.
他经常帮助我浇花。
99
7. Ron understood me and assisted my working more intensely.
(Line 29)

assist 只用于被帮助者也参与其活动的场合，
尤指以助手的身份给予协助；
aid 多用于经济上的援助；
help 可用于各种场合，强调主动提供别人所需要的帮助。
1) The Red Cross ____
aids flood victims.
红十字会为受水灾难民提供援助。
assisted me with filling out the form.
2) Mr. Li _______
李先生帮我填了表格。
helps her mother at home.
3) She _____
她在家帮助母亲做家务。
100
8. This was an enjoyable triumph. (Line 31)

triumph: n. a complete victory or success 胜利，成功
triumph: vi. (over) win, beat 获胜，击败
triumph
常指借喻性的“胜利”
victory
常用词，适用于在任何竞赛或斗争中取得的胜利
1) It was a great triumph when our team won the race.
我们队赛跑赢了，这是一个很大的成功。
2) He believed that he could triumph over
the difficulties he met.
他相信自己可以战胜所遇到的困难。
3) The army had won the first victory.
这支军队第一仗打胜了。
101
9. With each repetition, I felt more confident. (Line 42)

confident: a. certain, assured 确信的，自信的
be confident of sth. 确信某事
have confidence in sth./sb. 对······有信心，信任······
1) 我们对未来充满信心。
We have confidence in our future.
2) 她确信能通过英语考试。
She was confident of passing the
English examination.
102
10. I had to quit diving professionally after the Olympics. (Line 48)

quit: v. stop doing sth. and leave 放弃，停止，辞职
quit 接动名词作宾语，接不定式作目的状语
1) He quits working.
他停止工作。
2) He quits to go abroad.
他辞职去国外。
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The End
Go to Unit 6