Made by Tamás Sávai
Geography of
Germany
Germany is a country in westcentral Europe, that streches from
the Alps, across the North Europen
Plain to the North Sea and the
Baltic Sea.
Germany has the second largest
population in Europe (after
the European part of Russia) and
is seventh largest in area.
Germany shares borders with
nine European
countries: Denmark in the
north, Poland and the Czech
Republic in the
east,Austria and Switzerland in
the south, France in the
southwest
and Belgium, Luxembourg and
the Netherlands in the west.
Germany is the seventh largest country by area in Europe and the 63rd
largest in the world.
Between lie the forested uplands of central Germany
and the low-lying lands of northern Germany, traversed
by some of Europe's majorrivers such as
the Rhine, Danube and Elbe.
Danube is classified as an international
waterway, it originates in the town
of Donaueschingen -which is in the Black
Forest of Germany
The Rhine flows
through Germany and eventually
empties into the North Sea in
the Netherlands.
The Zugspitze, at 2,962 m above sea level, is the highest peak
of the Wetterstein Mountains as well as the
highest mountain in Germany.
Physical Geography
Germany can be divided into three
parts. The northern third of the
country lies in the North European
Plain, with flat terrain crossed by
northward-flowing watercourses.
Wetlands and marshy conditions are
found close to the Dutch border and
along the Frisian coast.
Sandy Mecklenburg in the northeast
has many glacier-formed lakes
dating to the last glacial period.
Physical Geography
The Rhine valley cuts through the western
part of this region. The central uplands
continue east and north as far as
the Saale and merge with the Ore
Mountains on the border with the Czech
Republic.
Moving south, central Germany features rough
and somewhat patternless hilly and mountainous
countryside, some of it formed by
ancient volcanic activity.
Physical Geography
South of Berlin, the east-central part of the
country is more like the low northern areas,
with sandy soil and river wetlands such as
the Spreewald region.
Southern Germany's landforms are defined by
various linear hill and mountain ranges like the
two adjacent ranges of
the Swabian and Franconian Alb and
the Bavarian Forest along the border between
Bavaria and the Czech Republic.
Physical Geography
The Alps on the southern border are
the highest mountains, but relatively
little Alpine terrain lies within
Germany compared to Switzerland and
Austria.
The Black Forest, on the southwestern
border with France, separates the
Rhine from the headwaters of
the Danube on its eastern slopes.
Climate
Germany's climate is temperate and marine, with cool, cloudy, wet winters and
summers and in the south occasional warm föhn wind.
A foehn or föhn wind is a type of dry, warm, down-slope wind that occurs in
the lee of a mountain range.
Climate
The greater part of Germany lies in the cool/temperate climatic zone in which humid westerly
winds predominate. In the northwest and the north the climate is extremely oceanic and rain
falls all the year round.
Winters there are relatively mild and summers comparatively cool. In the east the climate
shows clear continental features; winters can be very cold for long periods, and summers can
become very warm. Dry periods are often recorded.
The national parks in Germany include the Wadden Sea National Parks, the Jasmund National
Park, the Vorpommern Lagoon Area National Park, the Müritz National Park, the Lower Oder
Valley National Park, the Harz National Park, the Saxon Switzerland National Park and
the Bavarian Forest National Park.
Demographics
With estimated 81.8 million inhabitants
in January 2010, Germany is the most
populous country in the European
Union and ranks as the 15th largest
country in the world in terms of
population.
Its population density stands at 229.4
inhabitants per square kilometer.
Germany comprises sixteen states that
are collectively referred to as Länder.
Each state has its own state
constitution and is largely autonomous
in regard to its internal organisation.
Due to differences in size and
population the subdivision of these
states varies, especially between city
states (Stadtstaaten) and states with
larger territories (Flächenländer)
Germany has a number of large cities; the most populous
are: Berlin, Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, and Stuttgart. The largest conurbation is
the Rhine-Ruhr region (12 million), including Düsseldorf , Cologne, Essen, Dortmund, Duisburg,
and Bochum.
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