1
Español 1
8vo grado
Profe Araujo
Guía de estudio Unidad 3, etapa 2
Deportes para Todos
español
inglés
la bola
ball
Hablando de
deportes
Talking about
sports
el casco
helmet
el equipo
team
la gorra
baseball cap
ganar
to win
el guante
glove
el gol
goal
los patines
skates
jugar (u-->ue)
to play (a game)
la patineta
skateboard
el partido
game, sports match
la pelota
baseball
la tienda de deportes sports store
la raqueta
racket
andar en patineta
to skateboard
favorito(a)
favorite
el baloncesto
basketball
loco(a)
crazy
el béisbol
baseball
peligroso(a)
dangerous
esquiar
to ski
Los lugares
locations
el fútbol
soccer
al aire libre
outdoors
el fútbol americano
American football
el campo
field
el hockey
hockey
la cancha
court
levantar pesas
to lift weights
el estadio
stadium
el surfing
surfing
la piscina
swimming pool
el tenis
tennis
sobre hielo
on ice
el voleibol
volleyball
sobre el agua
on water
el bate
bat
2
Grammar Summary
Talking About Playing a Sport or Game with jugar
The forms of jugar are unique. In some of them the u changes to ue. When you
use jugar with the name of a sport, use jugar + a + sport: Juego al béisbol.
JUGAR:
Yo
nosotros (as)
Tú
Vosotros (as)
Él
Ella
Usted
Ellos
Ellas
Ustedes
Using gustar + Infinitive
You already learned how to use gustar to say I like, you like and he/she likes to do
something. Now you can talk about what other people like to do:
IO Pronoun + GUSTAR + Infinitive
I like = me gusta jugar béisbol
(The short words in red in the table above are called "indirect object
pronouns." They are used to indicate "to whom" or "for whom" an action is
performed. Remember that with gustar the action or thing you like is the subject
of the sentence and controls how the verb is conjugated. So the sentence me
gusta jugar béisbol translates literally as "to play béisbol is pleasing to me.")
When you want to emphasize or identify the person that you are speaking about,
use: a + name/noun/pronoun in front of the pattern in the table above:
A + person +IO pronoun + GUSTAR +
Infinitive
I like = A mí me gusta jugar al béisbol
3
Write 5 complete sentences using the verb jugar along with
IDOP. Don’t forget to use the specific form.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Stem-Changing Verbs (E --> IE)
When you learn one of these "stem-changing verbs" the change is indicated in
parentheses after the verb. For example: cerrar (ie) - to close. In stem-changing
verbs it is always the next-to-last syllable that changes, but only when the
STRESS falls on that syllable. For example with cerrar, yo cIErro, but nosotros
cerramos. These are sometimes called "boot" verbs, because when you look at
the conjugation chart, the forms that have a spelling change would look like a boot
if you drew a line around them:
CERRAR:
Yo
nosotros (as)
Tú
Vosotros (as)
Él
Ella
Usted
Ellos
Ellas
Ustedes
Stem-Changing (e-->ie) Verbs in This Lesson (Look at your verb
chart for the conjugation of each of the following verbs)
cerrar
empezar
Entender + QUE
merendar
perder
Preferir
+ QUE
querer
+ QUE
Pensar
+ QUE
4
Saying What You Know with saber
You already know how to say "I know (a person or place):"
___________________ (person). Saber is used when you want to say "I know
(facts, information or how to...)." Like conocer, it has an irregular yo form.
CONOCER:
Yo
nosotros (as)
Tú
Vosotros (as)
Él
Ella
Usted
Ellos
Ellas
Ustedes
SABER:
Yo
nosotros (as)
Tú
Vosotros (as)
Él
Ella
Usted
Ellos
Ellas
Ustedes
Using Two Verbs Together
To say that someone knows how to do something, use saber + infinitive: Yo sé
patinar - I know how to skate. Notice that when two verbs are used together, the
first verb is conjugated and the second is in its infinitive form. Usually this is
obvious from the English meaning of "to...." as in the sentence "I want to eat.
= Yo quiero comer."
Using "a" for Action When Using Two Verbs Together
Another useful thing to remember about using two verbs together is that a
conjugated verb that involves an "action" will usually have the word "a" between
it and the infinitive. Verbs that don't involve an "action" (such as "I know" or "I
plan") do not. Usually these NOT verbs involve something "inside your head."
ACTION
No ACTION
I'm going to play = Voy a jugar
I'm beginning to play = Empiezo
a jugar
I'm planning to play = Pienso jugar
I want to play = Quiero jugar
I'm coming to play = vengo a jugar
I prefer to play = prefiero jugar
I'm teaching to play = enseño a jugar
I know how to play = sé jugar
I'm preparing to play = preparo a jugar
I can play = Puedo jugar
5
Phrases for Making Comparisons
There are several phrases for making comparisons. We have two formulas in
Spanish.
Comparative:
Subject/noun #1+ verb to be (SER)+más OR menos +adjective+ QUE +noun#2
(Agrees in Gender and number)
Ej:
Superlative:
Subject + verb to be (SER) + article: el OR la + más OR menos + adj
+DE
(Agrees in Gender and number)
Ej:
Irregulars:
yonger
older
Best/better
worse
We also have:
as much as
Ej:
as +adjective+ as
Ej:
OJO When you talk about numbers, you must use más or menos then DE not
que.
For example: Hay más que de quince estudiantes en la clase de español.
Hay más que de siete personas en el equipo de béisbol.