Nanotechnology and Engineering
Group 7 Alicbusan. De Pano. Fermo. Herrera. Liccup. Tan.
Nanotechnology and Engineering
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Discussion Outline
Overview
Historical Timeline
Emerging Technology
Gam
Overview
•is the engineering of functional
systems at the molecular scale.
• is about generating solutions
through the use of atomic or
molecular manipulation.
•is the study of structure
manipulation having the size that
ranges between one to one
hundred nano meters.
Nanotechnology
Overview
•Nanotechnology came from the
prefix “nano”.
•Nanometer is one-billionth of a
meter (distance equal to two to
twenty atoms).
•The term ‘nano-technology’ is
coined by Norio Taniguichi but
expanded and popularized by K.
Eric Drexler
Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology and Engineering History
Historical Timeline
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1959 Feynman describes molecular machines building
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1974 Taniguchi coined the term ‘nano-technology’
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1977 Drexler expanded and popularized molecular nanotechnology (MNT)
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1981 SMT Invention of the Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
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1996 NASA Computational Nanotech is in the process of development
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1997 Zyvex First Nanotechnology
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Development Company
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2002 First Conference First Nanotech Industry Conference
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2009 Walking DNA Nanorobot New and Improved.
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Emerging Technologies
Nanotechnology and Engineering
Integrated Circuits
• “assembly of
interconnected
components on a small
semiconductor chip”
•can be used in cars,
televisions, computers,
microwaves, portable
devices, aero planes,
space crafts and the like
About
Integrated Circuits
• Invented by Jack Killby
of Texas Instruments and
Robert Noyce at Fairchild
Semiconductor
•Before this invention,
vacuum tubes were used.
Short History
Integrated Circuits
Vacuum tubes were
deemed inefficient
• acted like lightbulbs
that burned out and
made so much heat
• it was not suitable
for mass-production
• not suitable for
complex circuits
because of
unreliability and
power consumption
Short History
Integrated Circuits
• Transistors were
invented in 1947
• quickly replaced
vacuum tubes
• small and efficient
• engineers can now
build more complex
circuits
• A new problem arose.
Short History
Integrated Circuits
• A new problem arose.
• Circuits were
handmade.
• Complex circuits had
a vast number of
compenents
• Each part was
manually soldered
and connected with a
metal wire.
Short History
Integrated Circuits
• A new problem arose.
• If one connection broke,
the circuit failed.
• If the circuit became too
big, the distance for the
electric signals became
longer making the circuit
slower.
Short History
Integrated Circuits
• Solution: Make all the
parts in one block of
semiconductor material.
• No more wires.
Add only a layer of metal
outside to connect the
parts inside.
• In 1958, Jack Kilby at
Texas Instruments created
the first IC. He then
proceeded to make the
first handheld calculator.
Short History
Integrated Circuits
• 6 months later
• Robert Noyce from
Fairchild Semiconductor
came up with his own
idea of a circuit and
solved many problems
with Kilby’s solution.
The IC was finally
completely coated in
metal and then partially
removed to connect the
parts inside.
Short History
Integrated Circuits
Robert Noyce is one of
the co-founders of
Intel Corporation, one of
the largest manufacturers
of integrated circuits in
the world.
Their latest Ivy Bridge
microprocessor is made
in 22nm processes and
has 1.4 billion transistors
in 160 sq.mm
Short History
Integrated Circuits
Chip production today is
based on
photolithography.
Steps:
1. Create a mask film.
2. Shine UV light over
wafer chip.
3. Peel out parts of wafer
that was hit by light.
The wafer is cut with a
diamond saw, packaged,
tested, and shipped out.
Modern Chip
Production
Medical Nanobots
• Ultimate goal of a
nanobot is to create a
microscopic entity out of
electromechanical
components
•They are designed to
function similar to
bacteria and common
viruses
•They are small and
cannot be seen with the
naked eye.
About
Medical Nanobots
• In 1989, researchers
discovered how to
manually operate a
system for nanobot
building
• Nanobot prototypes are
currently being
developed and currently
they are biological in
nature.
Short History
NFC
• stands for “Near Field
Communication”
•is a short-range, low
power wireless
technology, touch-based
computing
•has the capability to
exchange information
from one device to
another
About
NFC
• is developed by NXP (
NXP Conductors)
•The very first Android
NFC phone is Samsung
Nexus S
Short History
NeverWet
• When this product is
applied to any surface,
water beads “glide” over
with no surface friction
thus preventing the
surface from getting wet
•Uses angled
nanoparticles to force
water to cluster into a
droplet
About
NeverWet
• Created by Ross
Technology
•The challenge was to
stop a undersea pipe
from rusting and thus
they created a silicon
based spray
Short History
AgActive
• AgActive Antibacterial
Sheet and Pillow case
Sets
•Uses the latest
nanotechnology
advancements to get rid
of germs
About
AgActive
• started in 2003 and they
use a specific technology
called Silversure.
•Silversure is a cost
effective technology that
allows the embodiment of
nano-particles into
plastics
Short History
Canola Active Oil
• uses a nanotechnology
called NSSL (Nano-sized
self assembled structed
liquids) – also called
Nanodrops
•The technology serves
as a liquid carrier that
allows the penetration of
health components
About
Canola Active Oil
• originated in Isarael and
was created by Shemen
Industries
Short History
Nanobeam nB4
• used to provide a
platform for the
development of
integrated electronics
•Has excellent stability
•Designed to reduce
routine service
requirements
About
Nanobeam nB4
• Founded in 2002
•The goal was to produce
high performance and
cost effective electron
beam lithography tools
Short History
Game
Historical Timeline
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Game Mechanics