Biochemistry True and False Nelson
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
____
1. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen make up 96 % of the weight of all living organisms.
____________________
____
2. Carbon has 6 protons and 7 neutrons. ____________________
____
3. The force of attraction between two atoms or ions in a compound is known as a van der Waals force.
____________________
____
4. An example of a neutralization reaction is: HCl + NaOH  NaCl + H2O ____________________
____
5. Water is able to cling to surfaces because of ionic bonds. ____________________
____
6. Bases generally have a low pH. ____________________
____
7. A buffer maintains your blood pH in the range of 7.3 to 7.5. ____________________
____
8. Carbon can only form single and double bonds. ____________________
____
9. The hydroxyl group is C–COOH. ____________________
____ 10. The functional group shown is the carboxyl group. ___________________
____________________
____ 11. The functional group shown is the amino group. ___________________
____________________
____ 12. Sucrose is made of glucose and galactose. ____________________
____ 13. An isomer is a molecule with the same formula, but different arrangement of atoms. ____________________
____ 14. Lipids are hydrophilic. ____________________
____ 15. A triglyceride is made of glycerol attached to one fatty acid. ____________________
____ 16. Carbohydrates provide more energy than fats do. ____________________
____ 17. Lysine is an essential amino acid. ____________________
____ 18. All proteins are an assembly of various combinations of 20 amino acids. ____________________
____ 19. In a growing peptide strand, amino acids are added to the –NH2 group. ____________________
____ 20. The heme group in hemoglobin is an example of an R group. ____________________
____ 21. A nucleotide consists of a sugar–lipid–nitrogenous base. ____________________
____ 22. Nucleic acids consist of nucleotides liked together with ionic bonds. ____________________
____ 23. Linus Pauling was awarded a Nobel Prize in chemistry for his work on the secondary structures of proteins.
____________________
____ 24. Linus Pauling discovered that atoms that have an equal electronegativity are able to share electrons unequally
in a covalent bond. ____________________
____ 25. Enzymes are destroyed after a reaction. ____________________
____ 26. Cyanide is a reversible inhibitor that binds to cytochrome oxidase. ____________________
____ 27. Enzyme inhibitors increase the rate at which an enzyme catalyzes a reaction. ____________________
____ 28. Competitive inhibition is where an enzymatic reaction is regulated by the product of the reaction.
____________________
____ 29. The graph shows that the rate of reaction increases and then decreases as the concentration of the substrate
increases. _________________
____ 30. In the production of fruit juices, enzymes break down pectin to extract a larger amount of juice and to produce
a clear juice. ____________________
____ 31. The cell membrane is a dynamic barrier surrounding the cytosol. ____________________
____ 32. Subunits of ribosomes are assembled in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. ____________________
____ 33. Lysosomes are involved in protein synthesis. ____________________
____ 34. Polypeptide chains are assembled in the ribosomes and enter the smooth endoplasmic reticulum where they
are modified into final form. ____________________
____ 35. Cells that have a low requirement for energy generally have many mitochondria. ____________________
____ 36. The endomembrane system includes the plasma membrane, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles, and
mitochondria. ____________________
____ 37. A vacuole takes up 50 to 90 % of an animal cell’s interior. ____________________
____ 38. The enzyme catalase found in vacuoles is used to convert hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.
____________________
____ 39. Cilia are hairlike structures that create movement. ____________________
____ 40. Pseudopods are used in some eukaryotic cells to move the cell and engulf prey. ____________________
____ 41. The phospholipid bilayer is very solid. ____________________
____ 42. Phospholipid molecules in a membrane are arranged with their non-polar fatty acid tails facing the exterior.
____________________
____ 43. Cholesterol is only found in the membranes of plant cells. ____________________
____ 44. Cholesterol has a hydrophilic OH group at one end and a hydrophobic region at the other end.
____________________
____ 45. Proteins that are embedded in the lipid bilayer are called peripheral membrane proteins.
____________________
____ 46. Membrane proteins have four functions: transport, enzymatic activity, triggering signals, and communication.
____________________
____ 47. Peripheral membrane proteins are held to membrane surfaces by covalent bonds. ____________________
____ 48. The R groups of non-polar amino acids are hydrophilic. ____________________
____ 49. The diagram shows a peripheral membrane protein. ____________________
____ 50. Most peripheral proteins are found on the cytoskeleton side of the membrane. ____________________
____ 51. Scientists are researching the use of nanobots to diagnose and treat cancer. ____________________
____ 52. The transmembrane exchange of materials involves the plasma membrane only. ____________________
____ 53. Osmosis is a form of active membrane transport. ____________________
____ 54. The transport of ions is facilitated by carrier proteins. ____________________
____ 55. Water diffuses from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low water concentration.
____________________
____ 56. Molecules that are best able to move across a membrane unassisted are small polar molecules.
____________________
____ 57. A red blood cell that is placed in a hypertonic solution will expand. ____________________
____ 58. If a red blood cell is placed in an isotonic solution, there will be no net movement of water.
____________________
____ 59. A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. This means that the concentration of water is higher in the solution.
____________________
____ 60. A Na+/K+ pump simultaneously pushes three Na+ ions out of a cell and pumps three K+ ions into the cell.
____________________
Biochemistry True and False Nelson
Answer Section
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1. ANS:
OBJ:
MSC:
2. ANS:
T
PTS: 1
1.1 The Fundamental Chemistry of Life
Knowledge
F, 6
REF: K/U
LOC: B2.1
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
LOC: B2.1
MSC: Knowledge
3. ANS: F, chemical bond
OBJ: 1.1 The Fundamental Chemistry of Life
PTS:
LOC:
4. ANS:
OBJ:
5. ANS:
OBJ: 1.1 The Fundamental Chemistry of Life
1
REF: K/U
B2.1
MSC: Knowledge
T
1.2 Water: Life's Solvent
F, hydrogen bonds
PTS: 1
LOC: B2.1
6. ANS: F, high
PTS:
LOC:
7. ANS:
OBJ:
8. ANS:
PTS: 1
LOC: B2.1
REF: A
MSC: Knowledge
REF: K/U
MSC: Knowledge
OBJ: 1.2 Water: Life's Solvent
1
REF: K/U
B2.1
MSC: Knowledge
T
1.2 Water: Life's Solvent
F, double, and triple
OBJ: 1.2 Water: Life's Solvent
PTS: 1
LOC: B2.1
REF: A
MSC: Understanding
PTS: 1
LOC: B2.1
9. ANS: F, C–OH
REF: K/U
MSC: Knowledge
OBJ: 1.3 The Carbon Chemistry of Life
PTS: 1
LOC: B2.1
10. ANS: F, carbonyl
REF: C
MSC: Knowledge
OBJ: 1.3 The Carbon Chemistry of Life
PTS:
LOC:
11. ANS:
OBJ:
12. ANS:
1
REF: T/I
OBJ: 1.3 The Carbon Chemistry of Life
B3.3
MSC: Analysis and Application
T
PTS: 1
REF: T/I
1.3 The Carbon Chemistry of Life LOC: B3.3
MSC: Analysis and Application
F, fructose
PTS:
LOC:
13. ANS:
OBJ:
1
REF: A
B3.2
MSC: Knowledge
T
1.4 Carbohydrates and Lipids
OBJ: 1.4 Carbohydrates and Lipids
PTS: 1
LOC: B2.1
REF: K/U
MSC: Knowledge
14. ANS: F, hydrophobic
PTS: 1
LOC: B3.2
15. ANS: F, three
REF: K/U
OBJ: 1.4 Carbohydrates and Lipids
MSC: Understanding
PTS: 1
LOC: B3.2
16. ANS: F, less
REF: K/U
MSC: Knowledge
OBJ: 1.4 Carbohydrates and Lipids
1
REF: A
B3.2
MSC: Evaluation
T
1.5 Proteins and Nucleic Acids
T
1.5 Proteins and Nucleic Acids
F, –COOH
OBJ: 1.4 Carbohydrates and Lipids
PTS:
LOC:
17. ANS:
OBJ:
18. ANS:
OBJ:
19. ANS:
PTS: 1
LOC: B3.2
20. ANS: F, prosthetic
PTS:
LOC:
PTS:
LOC:
1
B3.2
1
B3.2
REF:
MSC:
REF:
MSC:
K/U
Knowledge
K/U
Understanding
REF: K/U
OBJ: 1.5 Proteins and Nucleic Acids
MSC: Understanding
PTS: 1
REF: A
OBJ: 1.5 Proteins and Nucleic Acids
LOC: B3.2
MSC: Understanding
21. ANS: F, sugar–phosphate
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
OBJ: 1.5 Proteins and Nucleic Acids
LOC: B3.2
MSC: Understanding
22. ANS: F, phosphodiester
PTS: 1
REF: T/I
OBJ: 1.5 Proteins and Nucleic Acids
LOC: B3.2
MSC: Understanding
23. ANS: F, chemical bonding
PTS:
OBJ:
LOC:
24. ANS:
1
REF: K/U
1.6 Biology Journal: Linus Pauling: Creativity and Controversy in Science and Society
B3.2
MSC: Understanding
F, equally
PTS:
OBJ:
LOC:
25. ANS:
1
REF: K/U
1.6 Biology Journal: Linus Pauling: Creativity and Controversy in Science and Society
B3.2
MSC: Understanding
F, unchanged
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
MSC: Understanding
26. ANS: F, an irreversible
PTS: 1
REF: A
MSC: Understanding
OBJ: 1.7 Enzymes LOC: B3.4
OBJ: 1.7 Enzymes LOC: B3.4
27. ANS: F, decrease
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
MSC: Understanding
28. ANS: F, feedback
OBJ: 1.7 Enzymes LOC: B3.4
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
MSC: Understanding
29. ANS: F, levels off
OBJ: 1.7 Enzymes LOC: B3.4
PTS:
MSC:
30. ANS:
OBJ:
31. ANS:
OBJ: 1.7 Enzymes LOC: B3.4
1
REF: T/I
Understanding
T
1.7 Enzymes LOC: B3.4
F, plasma membrane
PTS: 1
LOC: B3.1
32. ANS: F, nucleolus
PTS: 1
REF: A
MSC: Understanding
REF: K/U
MSC: Knowledge
OBJ: 2.1 Cell Structures
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
LOC: B3.1
MSC: Knowledge
33. ANS: F, The endoplasmic reticulum
OBJ: 2.1 Cell Structures
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
LOC: B3.1
MSC: Knowledge
34. ANS: F, rough endoplasmic reticulum
OBJ: 2.1 Cell Structures
PTS: 1
LOC: B3.1
35. ANS: F, high
OBJ: 2.1 Cell Structures
REF: K/U
MSC: Knowledge
PTS: 1
REF: T/I
OBJ: 2.1 Cell Structures
LOC: B3.1
MSC: Understanding
36. ANS: F, Golgi bodies
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
LOC: B3.1
MSC: Knowledge
37. ANS: F, plant cell’s
OBJ: 2.1 Cell Structures
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
LOC: B3.1
MSC: Knowledge
38. ANS: F, peroxisomes
OBJ: 2.1 Cell Structures
PTS:
LOC:
39. ANS:
OBJ:
40. ANS:
OBJ:
1
REF: K/U
OBJ:
B3.1
MSC: Understanding
T
PTS:
2.1 Cell Structures
LOC:
T
PTS:
2.1 Cell Structures
LOC:
2.1 Cell Structures
1
B3.1
1
B3.1
REF:
MSC:
REF:
MSC:
K/U
Knowledge
K/U
Knowledge
41. ANS: F, fluid
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
LOC: B3.6
MSC: Knowledge
42. ANS: F, polar phosphate heads
OBJ: 2.2 Membrane Structure and Functions
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
LOC: B3.6
MSC: Knowledge
43. ANS: F, animal cells
OBJ: 2.2 Membrane Structure and Functions
PTS:
LOC:
44. ANS:
OBJ:
MSC:
45. ANS:
1
REF: K/U
OBJ: 2.2 Membrane Structure and Functions
B3.6
MSC: Knowledge
T
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
2.2 Membrane Structure and Functions
LOC: B3.6
Knowledge
F, integral membrane proteins
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
OBJ: 2.2 Membrane Structure and Functions
LOC: B3.6
MSC: Knowledge
46. ANS: F, attachment and recognition of molecules
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
LOC: B3.6
MSC: Knowledge
47. ANS: F, non-covalent bonds
OBJ: 2.2 Membrane Structure and Functions
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
LOC: B3.6
MSC: Knowledge
48. ANS: F, hydrophobic
OBJ: 2.2 Membrane Structure and Functions
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
OBJ: 2.2 Membrane Structure and Functions
LOC: B3.6
MSC: Knowledge
49. ANS: F
transmembrane protein (integral membrane protein)
transmembrane protein
integral membrane protein
PTS:
LOC:
50. ANS:
OBJ:
MSC:
51. ANS:
OBJ:
LOC:
52. ANS:
1
REF: C
OBJ: 2.2 Membrane Structure and Functions
B3.6
MSC: Understanding
T
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
2.2 Membrane Structure and Functions
LOC: B3.6
Understanding
T
PTS: 1
REF: A
2.3 Explore Applications of Cell Biology: Nanotechnology in Medicine
B1.2
MSC: Knowledge
F, and the organelle membranes
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
LOC: B3.6
MSC: Knowledge
53. ANS: F, passive membrane transport
OBJ: 2.4 Transport across Membranes
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
LOC: B3.6
MSC: Knowledge
54. ANS: F, channel proteins
OBJ: 2.4 Transport across Membranes
PTS: 1
REF: K/U
LOC: B3.6
MSC: Knowledge
55. ANS: F
area of high water concentration
low solute concentration
OBJ: 2.4 Transport across Membranes
PTS: 1
LOC: B3.6
56. ANS: F, non-polar
REF: T/I
OBJ: 2.4 Transport across Membranes
MSC: Understanding
PTS: 1
LOC: B3.6
57. ANS: F, shrink
REF: T/I
OBJ: 2.4 Transport across Membranes
MSC: Understanding
PTS:
LOC:
58. ANS:
OBJ:
59. ANS:
1
REF: T/I
OBJ: 2.4 Transport across Membranes
B3.6
MSC: Understanding
T
PTS: 1
REF: T/I
2.4 Transport across Membranes
LOC: B3.6
MSC: Understanding
F, in the cell
PTS: 1
REF: T/I
OBJ: 2.4 Transport across Membranes
LOC: B3.6
MSC: Understanding
60. ANS: F, two K+ ions
PTS: 1
LOC: B3.6
REF: K/U
MSC: Knowledge
OBJ: 2.4 Transport across Membranes