Chapter 3: Modernizing
1. Who coined the term ‘sociology’?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Karl Marx
Max Weber
Auguste Comte
Ferdinand Tönnies
2. What discipline was the ‘first social science’?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Political economy
Economics
Sociology
History
3. During the change to modernity the primary focus of economics shifted from:
a.
b.
c.
d.
The household to the nation
The government to the banks
Consumption to production
Socialism to capitalism
4. What where the ‘two revolutions’?
a.
b.
c.
d.
The French Revolution and the English Civil War
The Industrial Revolution and the Marxist Revolution
The French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution
The English Civil War and the Industrial Revolution
5. Which century is most associated with the ‘Enlightenment’ movement?
a.
b.
c.
d.
17th
18th
19th
20th
6. The French Revolution arguably created:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Modern economic life
Modern agriculture
Modern education
Modern political life
7. The Industrial Revolution was:
a. A technological and economic revolution
b. A key inspiration for pioneering sociologists
c. A change which for some, resulted in spectacular rises in productivity and wealth
d. All of the above
8. Karl Marx’s Communist Manifesto deals with:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Gender inequality
The discipline of Sociology
Class struggle
The positive outcomes of the Industrial Revolution
9. Karl Marx saw the transition from traditional to modern society as a transition from:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Military to industrial society
Religious to scientific society
Centralised to de-centralised society
Feudal to bourgeois society
10. Who coined the dualism of a shift from mechanical solidarity to organic solidarity?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Auguste Comte
Henry Sumner Maine
Émile Durkheim
Karl Marx and Herbert Spencer
11. Which dualism associated with the shift from traditional society to modern society is attributed
to Max Weber?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Unitary bonds and contractual bonds
Traditional authority and legal-rational authority
Status and contract
Feudalism and communism
12. Who coined the terms ‘gesellschaft’ and ‘gemeinschaft’?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Norbert Elias
Krishnan Kumar
Stuart Hall
Ferdinand Tönnies
13. ‘Gemeinschaft’ relates to the social bonds of:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Kinship
Communities
Families
All of the above
14. Norbert Elias referred to one dilemma faced by sociologists as the problem of what?
a. Involvement and detachment
b. Attachment and objectivity
c. Observation and participation
d. Modernity and realism
15. Who defined ideology as ‘any belief or set of ideas which conceals the world as it really is by
turning it upside down’?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ferdinand Tönnies
Karl Marx
Michel Foucault
Stuart Hall
16. The key institution which came into its own during the Industrial Revolution was what?
a.
b.
c.
d.
The farm
The workplace
The family
The factory
17. The beliefs of the Enlightenment movement include:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Dogma and superstition
Religion and progress
Progress and reason
Tradition and stability
18. Who is attributed with saying ‘To modernise is to industrialise’?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Milton Friedman
Krishnan Kumar
Pierre Bourdieu
Max Weber
19. What is the term used to describe to breaking up of a particular task (such as making something)
into multiple smaller tasks, each performed by specialised workers:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Division of labour
Mechanization of the workforce
Labour allocation
Allotment
20. According to Ferdinand Tönnies positive elements of modernity include:
a.
b.
c.
d.
A codified legal system
Methodical thinking
The courage to question religious thought
All of the above